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Until now, there is no news of the birth of gem mines in Syria, and it is very likely that those Arabs have suffered a catastrophe and drowned in the long river of history. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info╔╗

I really didn't expect that if I bought a ruby necklace casually, I could actually find a vein of gemstones, and the brilliant ruby in the gem mine made even Jin San dizzy when he saw it.

Those rubies are so beautiful that some of the fakes now can't compare to the natural gemstones.

Gemstones in general refer specifically to the stones that can be used to make valuable jewelry.

It is generally believed that it should have three characteristics: magnificence, rarity and durability.

The gem materials used in today's jewelry market can be divided into six types according to the degree of human intervention: real natural gemstones, artificially modified natural gemstones, synthetic gemstones, artificial gemstones, simulated gemstones and bonded gemstones.

With such a powerful technology for artificial counterfeiting, it is already difficult for you to buy real natural rubies.

Ruby refers to corundum with a red, pink color, it is a type of corundum, the main component is alumina, and the red color comes from chromium.

Naturally a gemstone without chromium is a blue sapphire.

Natural rubies come mostly from Asia, with Burma, Thailand and Sri Lanka, Africa and Australia, and a little from Montana and South Carolina in the United States. ╔╗

Natural rubies are very rare and precious, but it is not too difficult to make them, so industrial rubies are all man-made.

The color of high-grade rubies mainly depends on the joint action of two aspects, one is the high brightness of the color and has pure red fluorescence, and the other is that the internal contains a large number of filamentous rutile inclusions, so that the incident light can be scattered to the surface of the gemstone, giving the gem a softer color.

It is known for its high transparency, soft color, and large particles, and its color is colorful, including almost all kinds of transition colors from light red to bright red.

And this ruby from Syria, there are top-grade rubies, even if Jin San is not very knowledgeable, but he can still recognize the beautiful and abnormal pigeon blood red.

"Third uncle, your smile is too disgusting." Jin San's saliva was about to flow out when he saw Jin San's smile. Hurriedly reminded him that it was too embarrassing.

Jin San simply laughed, and the women he only laughed at each other, not knowing what nerves he was having.

"I'll record what I saw when I get back and let you all see. Xiaolan's harvest this time is not small. If this gem mine is really discovered, it will be given to Xiaolan as a dowry, and Xiaolan will be a little rich woman in the future. ╔╗" Jin San said with a smile.

"What? Can you really see where this gem comes from? Zhang Yan said in disbelief.

"I have a DV, I'll record it when I get back." Jin San didn't think it was the way of promise.

Bai Yu's eyes lit up: "Do you really have special abilities?" ”

"Sort of!" Jin San directly admitted.

But the girls still didn't believe it. They looked at Jin San a little strangely, how to look at how they wanted to look at the appearance of abnormal humans.

Jin San also stopped talking, he said: "But the gem mine is not in the country, but in the great desert of Syria, and Zhang Yan's piece of jade." It is also out of the desert, but the Karamay Desert is in the country, so let's go and occupy this Karamay jade mine first. ”

"You're not dreaming, are you? So far, no one has found the exact point of the Karamay jade mine, can you really find it? Zhang Yan said suspiciously.

Jin San smiled and said: "I said that if I can find it, I can find it, this should be a dowry for your family, I think you should be able to send you into the door of my Jin family happily when I come to your house, right?" ”

"Don't be delusional, bigamy is punishable by imprisonment in my country. ╔╗" Zhang Yan rolled her eyes and said.

"No, Karamayi Central Asia is not far away, let's get an Arab nationality first. At that time, I will be able to get four wives. "Jin Sandao.

"You dogs and men don't flirt here, now you don't have a wife, just think about four wives? If you have some free time, you might as well hurry up and see me this, if you can also find a treasure for me. I don't care about you. Bai Yu said angrily.

"You're ink." Jin San glanced at it and saw it.

The black stone that Bai Yu bought should be a piece of ancient ink, although it was only the size of an egg. But through it, Jin San can still see it. This is a piece of ancient ink of very good quality.

However, Gu Mo can't be compared with gem mines, jade mines, and moon shadow lanterns, but even so, the luck of a few of them is too good, and they buy a few things at random, and they are all things with great origins.

"Huh? How could this stone-like thing be ink, and how could such an ordinary thing compare to my black stone, which was as delicate as a jewel? Do you smell it, and it still smells like it? You can't be wrong with presbyopia, right? "Bai Yu didn't follow the way.

Jin San took it and smelled it, sure enough, it really had a little fragrance, Jin San frowned and began to take it seriously, this is authentic ancient ink, after so many years, it still has a fragrance, it doesn't seem to be an ordinary thing!

Activate the ability to understand the general origin of this ancient ink, this is really not an ordinary piece of ink. ╔╗

The Tang and Song dynasties were the mature period of ink-making, and the ink-making level continued to improve during this period, and the ink-making area was transferred to An, Huishe, and County through He, Beiyi, and Shui in the last years of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Tingqi, formerly surnamed Xi, lived in the late Tang Dynasty and the later Tang Dynasty, because of the superb ink-making skills to give the emperor's surname, the ink-making skills are exquisite, and the name is all over the world.

Li Tingqi created oil smoke ink on the basis of making pine smoke ink, which was obtained by refining tobacco from animal and plant oils.

The blackness of the oil smoke ink is high, the texture is more delicate, and the shades are rich, which is suitable for books and paintings.

In the Song Dynasty, there were many ink-making craftsmen, and the ink-making area quickly expanded from She, county and county to the entire micro and state, so the name of "Hui Mo" was derived.

The most famous ink makers are Yi, Shui Xinai, and Xi Ding brothers, which later became Li Tingqi and their family.

They summed up the experience of their predecessors, improved their methods, and steamed them with deer antler glue to produce ink that was 'rich and greasy' and 'shiny like lacquer'. ╔╗

The Xi family settled in An and Hui from the Southern Tang Dynasty, and Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, gave the surname Li because he liked his ink.

The ink they made was called 'Li Mo', and Li Mo in the saying that "gold is easy to obtain, Li Mo is hard to find" is the later famous 'Li Tingqi Mo'.

Compared with India, Egypt and Babylon among the "Four Ancient Civilizations", China is the country with the best preservation of the achievements of ancient civilizations.

In this regard, China's unique "Four Treasures of Study" play an important role.

Among the "four treasures", pen and ink were the earliest, and some estimates should have a history of four or five thousand years.

The early inks were all natural graphite, which was very easy to fall off after writing.

Artificial ink production began around the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Large-scale ink production was made after the Han Dynasty.

By the time of the Tang Dynasty, ink-making technology had been perfected.

The representative of the Tang Dynasty ink making was the Li family, and it is said that the ink they made was not only black and shiny, but also fragrant, so it formed a brand.

At that time, the domestic calligraphy and painting circles were eager to do so.

Because Yi and County were called Yi and water in the Tang Dynasty, the ink made by Xi Nai was collectively referred to as "Yi and Ink", and in order to maintain the brand, Xi Nai's ink body made by Xi Nai was printed with the word "Xi Nai".

Xi Nai's ink factory is a well-known family business, which has been in operation for three generations and has continuously improved its technology.

From the end of the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, due to social turmoil, the Xi family moved to An, Hui and Zhou, which is now She and County to live.

There are Huangshan pines all over the mountains, which is the best raw material for making ink, and the family continues to do their old business here, and the production is still unfading, and the fame is getting bigger and bigger.

Because the ink of the Xi family is superior and easy to use, it was highly praised by Li Yu, the queen of Li in the Southern Tang Dynasty, who was fine at calligraphy, good at painting, and Tongyin at that time, and the queen Li gave his surname Li to the Xi Nai family.

Xi Nai's ink-making technology was transmitted to his grandson Li Tingjue, and there was a greater development.

While inheriting the technology of his ancestors, Li Tingjun strives to innovate.

After repeated research and countless experiments, he invented a new formula: one pound of pine tobacco, three taels of pearls, one tael of jade shavings, one tael of borneol, and raw lacquer, deer horn gum, pearls, rhino horn, garcinia cambogia, croton, tung seed oil, musk, borneol, ash, wood veneer, pomegranate skin and other things, pounded 100,000 times.

Therefore, the ink he made does not deteriorate, the ink does not deform, and the quality greatly exceeds that of his grandfather and father, reaching the peak of the degree, and then a new brand - "Li Tingqi ink", referred to as "Li Mo".

It is said that the ink made by Li Tingqi is "rich and greasy, and shiny like lacquer." ”

And it is as hard as a stone, "its strength can be cut wood, falling into the ditch, and the menstrual period is not broken."

The edge of the ink is like a knife edge, and the paper can be cut.

Someone has done an experiment and used this kind of ink to copy one and a half parts of the Huayan Sutra, and only then did he grind down an inch.

There is also a student who grinds and learns calligraphy, "Write 5,000 a day", and a piece of ink actually took ten years to record.

There are aristocrats, mistakenly lost a side of Li Tingqi ink in the pond, a year later in the pool and drinking, this time fell into a piece of gold, so the good water people took it, and salvaged the ink together, but found that the ink color remained unchanged, the surface and the inside were as new, which shows how fine and tough the ink is!

The Southern Tang Dynasty Li Houzhu was incompetent in government, but he devoted himself to writing, and only used "Zhuge Pen", "Li Tingwang Guimo", "Chengxintang Paper", "Wuyuan Longwei Inkstone" when making calligraphy and painting, and there was a standard of "Four Treasures of Study" in the Southern Tang Dynasty.

Li Tingqimo has been listed among them, which shows how famous he is. Later, the ink also became an important gift for the royal reward.

In the Song Dynasty, when Taizu of the Song Dynasty first leveled the south of the Yangtze River, he issued an order to "carry several ships in a row and enter them into the inner library." ”

Later, the rulers of the Song Dynasty began to monopolize Li Tingqi's ink, which became the exclusive use of the royal family, and only used this ink to write holy decrees.

At that time, Hui and Zhou had to pay 1,000 catties of ink to the imperial court every year, which led to a situation where the ink was extremely difficult to see on the market.

There is a saying in society that "gold is easy to obtain, but Li Mo is hard to find".

In the black market, a piece of Tingqi ink has been sold for 10,000 yuan - much more expensive than gold.

The ink is also known as "the world's first product" or "the world's first ink".