While a few people were talking, they came to a relatively secluded place one after another, here is not only the mountains and rivers are beautiful, but also the scenery is charming, after a site selection, several people sat down, and Biao Zi sat down next to Wenya, Jiahao and others saw this scene, and secretly laughed on the side.

After quickly preparing all the things, Jiahao took out the fish's favorite earthworm, to say that this is a good thing, and the effect of earthworms is also very large.

Earthworms are very familiar animals. Many people like to call earthworms curly pythons, or earth dragons. Its body is made up of many body segments that are similar to each other and belongs to annelids. It lives in the soil, rises by day, feeds on putrefactive organic matter, and swallows it along with the soil. It also feeds on fragments such as stems and leaves of plants. Earthworms can loosen soils, improve soil, improve fertility, and promote agricultural production. The head is vestigial, there are no eyes, and the heart is a distente, ring-shaped blood vessel that can have several pairs. Death below 0°C, parasitic pig lung filaria (bad for pigs and poultry). After an earthworm is cut off, it can also repair itself and become two complete earthworms. Earthworms are still a traditional Chinese medicine. There are about 2,500 species of earthworms in the world, and 229 species have been recorded in China.

The body length is about 60mm-120mm, and the weight is about 0.7-4 grams. The largest is 1.5kg. It lives in moist, loose and fertile soil, and has a long cylindrical body with a slightly lighter brown color, consisting of about 100 body segments. The anterior segment is slightly pointed, the posterior end is slightly rounded, and there is a segmented inconspicuous ring at the anterior end. The ventral surface is light-colored, and most of the body segments have bristles in the middle, which play a fixed supporting role and assist movement when the earthworm crawls. After the 11 segments, there are dorsal holes at the dorsal line of each segment, which is conducive to breathing and keeps the body moist.

When China is dealing with quicksand and so on. Earthworms are even more powerful, and here I would like to introduce this little thing, its digestive system is also very powerful.

The digestive tube runs longitudinally in the center of the body cavity and passes through the diaphragm, and the muscular layer of the tube wall is developed, which can improve peristalsis and digestive function. The digestive tract differentiates into the mouth, oral cavity, throat, esophagus, gizzard, stomach, intestines, anus and other parts. The mouth can be turned out of the mouth to ingest food. The pharynx is muscular, the muscles are contracted, and the pharyngeal cavity is enlarged to aid feeding. Outside the pharynx there are single-celled pharyngeal glands that secrete mucus and proteases. It has moistened food and has a preliminary digestive effect. The postpharyngeal is connected to the short and thin esophagus, and its wall has esophageal glands that secrete calcium and neutralize acidic substances. Behind the esophagus is a muscular gizzard lined with a thick corneous membrane. Can grind food. From the mouth to the sand sac, it is formed by ectoderm and belongs to the foregut. The posterior part of the digestive tract is rich in microvessels. Multiple glands. Weigh the stomach. There is a ring of gastric glands in front of the stomach, which function like pharyngeal glands. From about the 15th somite in the back of the stomach, the digestive tract expands to form the intestine, and its dorsal fovea is divided into a blind tract (typhlosole), which increases the area of digestion and absorption. Digestion and absorption are mainly carried out in the intestines. The membrane of the outermost organ cavity of the intestinal wall is specialized into yellow cells. Starting at the 26th somite, a pair of cone-shaped cecums (CAECA) protrude anteriorly on both sides of the intestine. It can secrete a variety of enzymes and is an important digestive gland. The stomach and intestine are derived from the endoderm and belong to the midgut. The hindgut is short, accounting for more than 20 somites at the posterior end of the digestive tract. No blind passages, no digestive function. The anus is opened outside the body. The digestive system of earthworms is composed of well-developed digestive tracts and digestive glands, which are composed of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, bursal sac, garment sac, stomach, small intestine, cecum, rectum and anus.

Earthworms eat a lot of things, and many people think that earthworms just eat mud and spit mud, but in fact, I will introduce it to you, and everyone will know.

Earthworms are omnivores, they do not eat glass, plastic, metal and rubber, but also humus, animal feces, soil bacteria, etc., as well as the decomposition products of these substances. Earthworms have a keen sense of taste and prefer sweets and sourness. Bitter taste. He likes to heat up soft feed, and is particularly greedy for animal food, and eats the same amount of food as his own weight every day.

According to the determination, the protein content of earthworms accounts for about 53.5%~65.1% of the dry weight, the fat content is about 4.4%~17.38%, the carbohydrate content is about 11%~17.4%, and the ash content is 7.8%~23%. Earthworms are also rich in vitamin D (about 0.04%~0.073% of fresh body weight), as well as mineral elements such as calcium and phosphorus (about 0.124%~0.188% of fresh body weight). Earthworms contain a variety of medicinal ingredients such as delotonin, detoxin, xanthine, antihistamine and vitamin B. At the same time, earthworms are also intermediate hosts for certain parasites such as nematodes and tapeworms, such as cyclonematodes and strongyloides longita.

"Jiahao, where did you find so many earthworms for you?" Meng Xiyan asked.

Jia Hao smiled and said proudly: "This earthworm, you have to know its living habits in advance, only in this way can you collect them." ”

Earthworms live in moist, loose, organic-rich soils. Feeds on organic matter in the soil during the day and crawls out of the ground at night to feed on fallen leaves. The time of collecting earthworms is the best time of the year, with late spring and early summer, when the number of earthworms is more and the activity is vigorous; During the day, the morning is the best, when the temperature is moderate, the light is weak, the air temperature near the ground is high, and the earthworms are mostly concentrated in the upper soil.

There are various methods of collecting earthworms, and the following are commonly used.

Excavation method: Choose a place with rich humus, fertile, moist and loose soil, such as a vegetable garden, and turn the soil with a shovel to collect.

Irrigation method: Irrigation of fields with a large number of earthworms, earthworms quickly drill out of the soil.

Pick-up method: Earthworms like to live in a dark environment, in late spring, every night when it rains, you can go to the edge of the field at 3-4 o'clock in the morning to pick up with a flashlight.

Trapping method: earthworms like to eat fresh feed, we will pile the fermented feed on the edge of the field with more earthworms, 3-5 days later, you can use a shovel to open and collect.

Biao Zi heard Jiahao say that this thing has so many effects, so he asked curiously: "It seems that earthworms still have a lot of medicinal value for you, right?" Is this real, it's disgusting to watch? ”

When everyone heard this, they burst into laughter, and Jia Hao said: "That's right, this thing is indeed very medicative, and I only knew about it after coming here." ”

Earthworms are commonly known as Qu Python, and Chinese medicine is called Dilong. The earth dragon is cold and salty. Function: clear heat, calm the liver, relieve asthma, and clear the channels. It is mainly used for high fever and irritability, convulsions, wind-heat headache, red eyes, hemiplegia, etc. Dilong provides liquid extract, which has a good effect of fixing cough and asthma. Earthworm ash mixed with rose oil can treat baldness.

At present, the excellent varieties of artificial breeding include the Orthowormaceae Erythrifolia, the Giant Wormaceae William Ringworm and the hybrid Daping small earthworm. In recent years, it has been found that earthworms contain vermikinase, which has a good therapeutic effect on cardiovascular diseases. Earthwormase can not only activate fibrinolytic enzyme to dissolve blood clots, but also directly dissolve fibrin. The clinical effective rate for the treatment of thrombosis is more than 80%, and earthwormase also has the effects of reducing blood viscosity, inhibiting platelet aggregation, anticoagulation, and promoting smooth blood flow. It has a therapeutic effect on stroke sequelae, arteriosclerosis, hypertension and hyperviscosity.

Vermikinase has been developed into a drug, which is convenient and safe to take, and will not cause hyperplasminemia and cause massive bleeding like streptokinase, urease and other drugs. Anti-cancer studies have proved that Dilong has an inhibitory effect on esophageal cancer. The short-term efficacy of combination with chemotherapy drugs for lung cancer is better than that of chemotherapy alone.

Earthworms are rich in protein, fat, and carbohydrates. The crude protein content is as high as 72%. And contains amino acids, vitamins and trace elements required by the human body. It can not only be used as animal feed and produce drugs and cosmetics, but also for human consumption. Earthworm food is extremely popular in Taiwan, Southeast Asia, the United States and Canada.

Vermicompost is a good biological fertilizer, rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humus, organic matter and trace elements required by crops such as magnesium, boron, nickel, manganese, etc., and is a cheap and efficient fertilizer for fruits, flowers, vegetables and nurseries.

Earthworms are widely used in pharmaceutical, light chemical industry and aquaculture, so the demand has increased greatly, and artificial breeding has been emphasized. Breeding earthworms, the use of organic waste (such as: livestock manure, garbage, plant mandarins, sugar residue, edible seedling residue, distiller's grains, etc.) low cost, simple methods, promote the recycling of resources.

Earthworms are also known as crickets. Dilong, a mollusk with a succulent body and a protein content of 70%, is a mollusk. Earthworms can use waste and agricultural and sideline product scraps for food, do not compete with other animals for feed, can change the soil to make fertilizer, improve the soil, dispose of garbage, improve sanitation, and purify the city. Earthworms are also an excellent source of protein feed for chickens, pigs, fish, as well as a variety of animals and precious and rare aquatic products. If the feeding management is good, 2~3 tons or 5 tons of fresh worms can be produced per mu, according to the current market price per mu benefit of 2~30,000 yuan, each mu can make a profit of about 8,000 ~ 10,000 yuan, the development of earthworm breeding is promising.

The disease of earthworms, there are not many reported information at home and abroad, and the disease phenomena and prevention and control methods that occur in the breeding management of earthworm farms Jia Ming are introduced as follows:

1. The earthworm body appears locally scorched, one end atrophies or one end swells and dies, the undead earthworm refuses to eat, there is a sense of fear and trembling, and obvious emaciation, which is due to improper feeding methods and the formation of protein poisoning. After the problem is found, the unsuitable feed should be cleaned up, sprayed with water, and the bed should be loosened in order to detoxify.

2. The earthworm is paralyzed completely or locally, and the back also discharges yellow or grass-colored body fluids, and dies in piles, which is the newly added feed containing toxins or poisonous gases. The feed bed should be quickly reduced, the toxic feed should be eliminated, the feed bed should be loosened, and earthworm manure should be added to adsorb the toxic gas, so that the earthworms can dive to the bottom layer to rest, in order to slowly adapt.

3. If the humidity of the worm bed is too high and the PH value of the feed is too high, it will make the earthworm body edema and swell, daze, desperately crawl out, and body fluids will emerge from the back hole, and the body will die of stagnant food. It can even cause the cocoon to rupture, or make the two ends of the newly born vermicoon unable to close and become infected with fungus and mildew. In this case, the ditching and draining method can be adopted, and the earthworms that climb to the surface can be cleaned into another pool, and superphosphate powder or vinegar residue and alcohol standard chartered can be added to the raw feed to neutralize, and then used after a period of time.

4. The feed contains a large amount of starch and carbonized hydrate, or the salt content is too high, which is easy to cause acidification by the action of bacteria, causing earthworm hyperacidity, causing spasmodic twin-like nodules throughout the body, red and swollen rings, thickening and shortening of the body, increasing the secretion of the whole body, crawling in circles in the breeding bed, or drilling to the bottom of the bed without eating or moving, and finally the whole body turns white and dies, and some diseased worms also appear before the death of the body segment fracture. The prevention and control method is to lift the covering, aerate the vermicompost, and spray soda and gypsum powder to neutralize.

When everyone heard that this little thing had such a big effect, they were reluctant to do it, but their playfulness could still defeat them, so the real fishing has just begun. (To be continued......)