Section 46 All land shall be given to the people

"Renovating Tuntian? All to Mintian? "

Cai Ji's astonishing words made the civil and military forces present raise their heads one after another. It must be known that at present, both the north and the south are discussing the tuntian system, believing that the tuntian system implemented by Cao Cai is a panacea to solve the evil disease of empty fields, empty courts, empty warehouses and "three emptiness" in the world since the Yellow Turban Rebellion. Cao Cao's advisers and staff formulated many implementation rules for the problems encountered in the tuntian, in order to gradually improve and institutionalize the tuntian system. But who would have thought that his own lord would propose to "reform the tuntian and give it to the people" when the tuntian system was flourishing, which is really a little confusing.

Seeing that the civil and military officers present either looked surprised or suspicious, Cai Ji smiled calmly and explained, "There are idle Dingkou in the Bohai Sea, and there are ownerless fields in the river. Gu planned to collect all the ownerless fields in Bohai and Hejian counties into official fields, and distribute them equally to the people of the two counties according to Dingkou for farming. This is the equal land given to the people, which can also be called the uniform land system. "

Cai Ji's so-called "Juntian system" is certainly not a new system that she came up with on her own, but an extremely important land system in Chinese history. According to the original historical process, the Juntian system was promulgated and implemented by Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the ninth year of Taihe (485 AD). During the 300 years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Sui Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty, the Qianye Dynasty all adopted the Juntian system as the basic land system, and derived a series of supporting military and political systems such as the government military system and the three-chief system. After the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the population increased, land annexation became more and more strict, and the basis for the implementation of the land equalization system, the land state ownership system, was destroyed. It was only in the first year of the establishment of Tang Dezong (780 AD) that Yang Yan, the prime minister at the time, presided over the abolition of the Juntian system and the implementation of the two-tax system instead.

To put it simply, the equalization system means that the state allocates ownerless land to small farmers according to the number of people for cultivation, and the land is owned by the state and belongs to them after a certain number of years of cultivation. Of course, the landlord's land is not included in the land area. In addition, three conditions must be met for the implementation of the uniform field system. 1. There must be enough land without an owner. So that there is land and evenness. Second, there must be a large floating population. Third, it is necessary to rectify household registration. Since the household registration is the main basis for the implementation of land equalization and the collection of taxes and labor, it is impossible to implement the system without detailed household registration management.

At present, the four counties of Qing, Xu and Jizhou under Cai Ji's rule have met the three major conditions for the implementation of the uniform land system. Of course, out of prudent considerations, Cai Ji still plans to try out the equalization system in Bohai and Hejian counties, where the conditions are relatively favorable, and then gradually promote it to Qingdao and Xu prefectures after perfecting the details.

However, compared with the ambitious Cai Ji, the reaction of the civil and military bureaucrats present was intriguing and embarrassing. But seeing Tai Shi Ci's sword eyebrows tightened, Liu Yixun wanted to speak and stopped, Tian Feng sighed slightly, and Gao Na simply lowered his head and pretended not to hear anything. In the face of everyone's response, Cai Ji couldn't help but restrain his spirit. Instead, he asked the crowd, "Do you think this method is inappropriate?" "

"Have you ever heard of the Wang Tian system? Tian Feng raised his face and asked Cai Ji rhetorically.

The name of the Wang Tian system is taken from the "Book of Songs" in the "whole world, it is not the king's land". It was established by Wang Mang, who usurped the throne of the Western Han Dynasty, according to the Jingtian system recorded in ancient books. The Wangtian system includes two aspects, one is to change the name of the national land to "Wangtian". That is, abolishing private ownership of land and implementing state ownership of land. Private individuals are not allowed to buy or sell; There are eight men in the family. It can receive a well in the field, that is, 900 acres; If a family has less than eight males and the land exceeds 900 acres, the excess must be distributed to the clan neighbors; Those who did not have land in the past shall receive land according to the above system. The second is to change the name of slaves and maids to private property, and they are not allowed to buy and sell.

It can be seen that there are indeed similarities between the Juntian system and the Wangtian system. However, the Juntian system recognizes private ownership of land. Allowing land to be bought and sold under certain conditions is a system that combines private ownership of land with feudal state ownership of land. On the other hand, Wang Mang's Wang Tian system completely abolished the private ownership of land, and not only prohibited the sale and purchase of land. Even land use rights are not allowed to be transferred. The overly idealistic decree allowed Wang Mang to offend all the landowners in the world. From the princes of the clan to the small people of Dousheng, Wang Mang's new dynasty was overthrown by the peasant armies such as Red Mei and Green Forest in only 14 years.

Facing Tian Feng's question, Cai Ji immediately smiled dumbly and said, "Do you think you want to learn from Wang Mang and restart the Wang Tian system?" "

Tian Feng stared at Cai Ji and didn't mean to joke with her at all. For the people of this era, Wang Mang's rebellion was a disaster that God sent to the Han Dynasty. If the master of his family really has a tendency to look up to Wang Mang, how can the retainers present not be anxious.

"Lord, although Jing Tian is a holy king, it has been abandoned for a long time. The Wang Tian system is even more of a scholar's theory, and it is not feasible. Following Tian Feng, Liu Yixun also advised Cai Ji.

Seeing that Tian Feng and the others all had strict expressions, Cai Ji, who realized that the situation was strict, immediately smiled, and solemnly assured everyone, "Rest assured, the Juntian system is definitely not the Wang Tian system!" The fields that are given are all borderless land, and the lonely land will not touch the owner's land in the slightest. "

When Gao Na heard Cai Ji personally promise that "he will not touch the land of the Lord", his heart that he had been holding before finally relaxed. As long as the land in their hands is not touched, it is okay to say. After all, although the Bohai Gao clan has some roots in Ji and Youzhou, it is not the opponent of great princes such as Cai Anzhen after all. If the two sides really fight to the death, Cai Ji will certainly be deeply hit, and the Bohai Gao clan will inevitably be wiped out.

However, Tian Feng, who was sitting opposite Gaona, did not let go of Cai Ji's promise, but stepped up his pursuit and asked, "I don't know how the Lord plans to give it to Mintian?" "

In response to Tian Feng's question, Cai Ji had been prepared for a long time, so he listened to her introduction, "Lonely desire divides the ownerless field into two: one is the Yongye field, which has been cultivated for five years, can be hereditary rent and sale, mainly in the forest barren land; One is called Dingkoutian, it is not allowed to buy and sell, and it is returned to the government when he dies of old age. "

"Yongye Tian... Dingkoutian... Tian Feng pondered for a moment and then asked, "How to subscribe?" "

When Cai Ji heard Tian Feng ask this, she knew that the old man was interested, and she was overjoyed, and she added, "All men over the age of fifteen will be given eighty acres of Dingkou field and twenty acres of Yongye field. The widow and concubine were given 30 acres of Dingkou field, and if there were heirs, they were given 20 acres of Yongye field. In addition, slaves and maids are given 80 acres of Dingkou field for each slave, and 20 acres of Dingkou field for each slave, and the number of slaves is not limited. "

This time, Cai Ji's promise can be regarded as a surprise to the civil and military bureaucrats present. But seeing that Gao Nali hurriedly raised his head, his eyes were shining, and he asked, "Can the Dingkou field obtained by the slave and maid belong to the head of the household?" "

"Of course. Cai Ji nodded very happily. What she needs now is enough labor and steady tax revenues. As for Gaona and other local powerful sects, how to share the accounts with the family slaves after paying the taxes, that is the other party's private matter. However, if the Haoqiang Sect's exploitation of slaves and maids causes public anger, then she Cai Ji does not mind dealing with a few local tyrants and inferior gentry to resentment of the common people.

Liu Yixun on the side saw that Cai Ji was so generous, for fear that his master would let a wealthy family like Gaona take advantage of the loophole, so he hurriedly interjected. "Lord, I don't know how to pay taxes under the Juntian system? "

Cai Ji held a folding fan and tapped lightly on the tiger's mouth and said, "Lone plans to learn from Prime Minister Cao's household modulation. Regardless of whether they are rich or poor, they will pay a fixed amount of rent, mediocre and adjustment according to the record of land granting. "

"What is rent, memoral, and tune? Tian Feng asked again. Cai Ji's series of meticulous answers about the Juntian system just now not only gave Tian Feng a glimpse of the legendary "female middle pipe", but also made him no longer question the feasibility of the Juntian system. Because in Tian Feng's view, if such a steady and detailed plan cannot be implemented, then the bureaucrats in Jizhou can go back to their hometowns to retire. So at this moment, Tian Feng is full of interest in Cai Ji and her Juntian system, and wants to know more details about Juntian system.

Of course, Cai Ji did not disappoint Tian Feng, and immediately replied in a concise tone. "Rent, i.e., land rent; Yong, that is, forced labor; The tune is the household tune, which is accepted by the male with the local product. Cai Ji paused at this point. Instead, he asked the civil and military forces present, "As for the amount of rent, mediocrity, and transfer. I thought it would be better for the kings to negotiate and decide. After all, Zhujun is more familiar with Jizhou than Gu. "

Cai Ji's attitude towards the rent adjustment quota won the unanimous approval of the civil and military forces present. If the superior can have the heart to propose a new system, it is diligent and loving the people, and can set up the framework of the new system, which is talented, but if even the most detailed content is condemned to death, then it will be a bit overstepping. Fortunately, Cai Ji has always had a good grasp of this aspect. Didn't embarrass the bureaucrats present.

"According to the household survey, if the male is the head of the household, each household will receive three horses of silk and three catties of cotton per year, and the female will be the head of the household or the second male will be the head of the household. The annual levy per household will be halved. Xun thought that Jizhou household survey could also be charged according to this. After Liu Yixun finished speaking, he pondered for a moment and added, "As for the field rent, it can be charged on a household-by-household basis, and Li Ershi is charged every year. "

Gao Na on the side listened to Liu Yixun's rent adjustment, and couldn't help but be shocked and said: "Three silk horses!" Three pounds of cotton! This amount is too harsh! "

Liu Yixun originally wanted to refute Ding Xingwang, a native of Jizhou, and the household adjustment quota of three horses and three catties of silk was not harsh. But before he could speak, Cai Ji took the first step and agreed, "Now that Jizhou is in ruins, according to Gu's view, the household survey is tentatively set at one horse of silk, one pound of cotton or ten pounds of hemp per year. "

Seeing that Cai Ji had adjusted the household transfer to an acceptable amount, Gao Na hurriedly turned around and bowed respectfully to Cai Ji and said, "Na has thanked Qi Hou for his kindness on behalf of the people of Jizhou. "

The reason why Cai Ji adjusted the household survey was not because she was persuaded by Gao Na, but in her memory, the amount of the household survey of the Juntian system never exceeded one horse of silk and one pound of cotton per household. The so-called household survey is actually the poll tax, because the entire monetary system at the end of the Han Dynasty has collapsed, so Cao Cao converted the poll tax that originally paid coins into a household survey that paid cloth. It is undeniable that Cao Cao is a rare genius in Chinese history, but his oppression of the people is indeed staggering.

After booking the rent and adjusting the two quotas, the next step is to involve the mediocrity of forced labor. At the end of the Han Dynasty, the military was mainly military, and it took a lot of labor to build the city and transport grain and grass. In this regard, of course, Tai Shi Ci is more authoritative.

However, at this time, Tai Shici did not propose his own construction on conscription, but frowned and asked Cai Ji, "The lord changed the Jizhou tuntian system to the Juntian system, so can the military tun still be retained?" "

The tuntian system is the basis for the implementation of the current military tuntian system, and Cai Ji's change of the tuntian system will naturally affect the military tuntian system. In fact, the Juntian system also has a related supporting military system, that is, the government military system. The system was built by Yuwentai, the minister of the Western Wei Dynasty, in the period of Datong (535~551), and became more and more complete during the Northern Zhou, Sui and early Tang Dynasty, and reached its peak during the period of Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, and was abolished during the Tianbao period of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (742~755), which lasted about 200 years.

The most important feature of the military system is the integration of soldiers and peasants. In peacetime, the government soldiers were farmers who cultivated the land, trained in agricultural gaps, and fought in the army in wartime. The weapons and horses participating in the war were provided by the government soldiers, which was an extremely important military system in Chinese history. However, the government military system must establish an independent military government system to be responsible for the selection and training of government soldiers, which will inevitably subvert the existing military system in the late Han Dynasty. Therefore, Cai Ji planned to implement the Juntian system first to lay a good foundation, and then change the military system from the top.

Thinking of this, Cai Ji replied with the situation, "The Lone Club will keep the military camp, and those who enter the military household will be exempted from mediocrity." "

Tai Shi Ci received Cai Ji's clear answer, nodded with satisfaction, and did not speak again. Cai Ji felt that it was not enough, so he cleared his throat and said, "It is a matter of importance to the people's land, and it must be presided over and implemented by people with both ability and political integrity in order to benefit the people's livelihood." "

After saying that, Cai Ji turned around and bowed to Tian Feng, who was sitting beside him, and said, "Mr. Yuan Hao is upright, and he is familiar with the customs and customs of Jizhou. Lonely desire recommended Mr. Jizhou as the assassin of Jizhou, and led the hundred officials of Jizhou to preside over the affairs of Mintian. Please don't excuse me. "

Although Tai Shici and Liu Yixun are now the highest-ranking military generals in the four counties of Jizhou, they are not dissatisfied with Cai Ji's recommendation of Tian Feng to assassinate Jizhou. This is not only because Tian Feng's talent has long been famous all over the world, but also because the upcoming Juntian system urgently needs Jizhou celebrities like Tian Feng to act as leaders. So immediately after Cai Ji, Tai Shici and Liu Yixun also followed Tian Feng to persuade him.

"Please also ask Mr. Yuan Hao not to refuse."

"Jizhou is in urgent need of Mr. talent."

Faced with the earnest recommendation of Cai Ji and others, Tian Feng fell into hesitation for a while. Accepting the position of assassin violated the bottom line he had secretly set before, but he sincerely wanted to participate in the promotion and improvement of the Juntian system. This is because Tian Feng is already keenly aware that the Junda system may be another system that will go down in history after the Ida system. Even if Cai Ji suffers misfortunes in the future, the Juntian system she set will still be used by people of insight in later generations. Wouldn't it be possible to pass on the story as a participant? What's more, maybe the stigma attached to Yuan Shao can also be cleared up?

"Sir, are you dissatisfied with the Junda system?" Cai Ji looked at Tian Feng and asked softly with interest.

Tian Feng, who came back to his senses at the next moment, no longer had any hesitation and cringe in his eyes, but was replaced by the eagerness and passion to find a new goal. Seeing that he bowed down to Cai Ji convincingly, he bowed down and said, "Feng is willing to contribute his modest efforts to Juntian's system." (To be continued......)