Regardless of which school of thought Zhuge Liang will learn from the experience of the pre-Qin school to solve Liu Bei's urgent needs, at least it is the consensus of the world that Cai Ji will inherit the Qi Legalists. Qi Legalism is a Legalist faction formed in Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, with Qi Guoguan Zhong and Yan Ying as the main representatives, advocating respect for the king, business morality and protection of the people, rule of law in the country, and equal emphasis on law and religion. And Cai Ji's various policies such as cash-for-work, leniency and provincial prohibition, enriching the country and strengthening the army, and even the slogan of "respecting the king" that she shouted since the crossing coincided with the concept of Qi Fajia. So it's no wonder that the outside world will call Cai Ji "the female middle pipe".

There is a saying that "if something is good at the top, it will be very bad at the bottom". Since many of Cai Ji's policies came from the Qi Legalists, the three prefectures of Qing, Xu, and Hebei under his rule soon set off a wave of Legalist fever. The Confucian Academy of Longkou Lecture Wutang is even more dedicated to teaching Qi Legalist works such as "Guanzi" and "Yanzi Spring and Autumn".

In later generations, people always thought that Legalism was an ideological system opposed to Confucianism. But in fact, scholars in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties all agreed that there were two systems of Legalism. One of them was the Qi Legalist of the Spring and Autumn Period, and later generations were also known as the "Oriental Legalists". The second is the Qin and Jin Legalists of the Warring States Period, and later generations are also known as "Western Legalists". Although both are Legalists, the Qin and Jin Legalists advocate not being close to each other, not being noble or cheap, and breaking off from the law; Qi Legalism advocates the rule of law, and attaches equal importance to law and religion; The Qin and Jin Legalists regarded the law, art, and potential as the supreme and guideline, while the Qi Legalists emphasized both the technique and the potential, as well as the law and teaching.

It can be seen from this that the Qi Legalists and Confucianism complement each other in terms of "rule by virtue", but the Qin and Jin Legalists, who firmly believe in the "rule of law", are completely opposed to the "rule by virtue" of Confucianism. In fact, Han Confucianism's verbal and written criticism of the violent Qin and Legalists was mainly focused on the Qin and Jin Legalists, while the Qi Legalists had an understanding and affirmative attitude. For example, Jia Yi, the author of "On the Passage of Qin", has the difference between managing business. On the one hand, he criticized Shang Ying, "Shang Jun left behind courtesy and righteousness and abandoned benevolence." And forge ahead. At the age of two, Qin customs are declining. On the other hand, Jia Yi agrees with Guan Zhong's concept, thinking that "it is okay to make Guan Zi a fool, and Guan Zi is not a chill if he knows less about governing the body!" ”

In the final analysis, Confucianism is an idealistic school, and many of its ideas cannot be implemented in reality. After the Han Dynasty respected Confucianism, Confucianism solved practical problems. A rational instrumental doctrine is needed to complement each other. The Qi Fajia family has both the strict and unkind side of the Legalist family, the practical side of governing the Tao, and the people-oriented side. For example, Guan Zhong advocated that "the prosperity of government is in accordance with the will of the people; The government is abolished. is against the will of the people. It is precisely because of the complementarity between Qi Legalism and Confucianism in the "rule of virtue" that the so-called "Yang, Confucianism and Yin" phenomenon will appear in later generations.

Therefore, at present, the Confucian Academy professors Qi Fajia not only do not arouse the resistance of Confucian students, but on the contrary, in order to achieve good results in the imperial examination, Confucian students are eager to Qi Fajia courses such as "Guanzi" and "Yanzi Spring and Autumn". After all, in this era, it is not easy for ordinary poor children to have a set of "Analects". Even if it is a scholarly family, not necessarily every family will have a collection of "Pipe". Not to mention "Yanzi Spring and Autumn", which was included in the ban list by Qin Shi Huang. In addition, the Spring Qi Congress will conduct the third opening of the branch next year. Whether it is figuring out the intention or studying the policy, in the eyes of many candidates who are rushing to take the exam, the Qi Fajia course of the martial arts hall is the best choice for them to sprint before the exam.

However, at present, there are very few scholars who can talk about "Guanzi" and "Yanzi Spring and Autumn" in Longkou, except for Cui Yan, Tian Feng, and Guo Jia, and Cai Yan, the daughter of Hongru Cai Yong, can be regarded as half. Of course, Cai Ji herself can also lecture on "Guanzi" and "Yanzi Spring and Autumn", but considering that Longkou is about to open a department, she still decided not to teach in person for the time being out of suspicion. It's just that in this way, the courses that teach "Guanzi" and "Yanzi Spring and Autumn" are relatively rare.

At the end of October, a winter snowfall had just fallen in Longkou, and the thin layer of snow made the bluestone paved path slippery like ice. However, after learning that Tian Feng would start teaching "Guanzi" at the Confucian Academy today. Wang Xiang didn't wait for dawn to withstand the fierce cold wind and carry a lantern. He walked all the way through the market to the Confucian Academy, hoping to get a good seat in the lecture hall as soon as possible.

Wang Xiang thought that he would be the first person to come to the lecture hall today, and planned to light a brazier and incense to warm up the cold room before his classmates came. He thought that when he took off his shoes and socks and walked into the lecture hall, he found that not only was the hall as warm as the fragrance of spring, but there were also two young students sitting in the front row of the hall.

"Who is my way, it turned out to be a sign of Hugh! Come, come, come, come and sit here. The student who warmly greeted Wang Xiang was Guo Yi, the son of Guo Jia. Don't look at Guo Yi who is only in his early sixteens at the moment, but he is already a veteran who has been studying in the martial arts hall for more than eight years. It is said that there are nearly 1,000 students in the martial arts hall, and Guo Yi can call each other's names regardless of whether they are familiar with it or not. In addition, he has a straightforward personality and is honest, so he has some prestige among martial arts students.

Compared with Guo Yi, who can be called a celebrity in the martial arts hall, another blue-clothed young man who looks about twenty-three or four-year-old is obviously much more faceless. And just when Wang Xiang was secretly recalling the identity of the other party in his mind, he listened to Guo Yi enthusiastically introduce the two to each other, "Shuda, this is Langya Shizi Wang Xiuzheng, who is the most loyal and sincere." Hugh Zheng, this is Sima Shuda, a scholar from Hanoi, who just entered the lecture martial arts hall to study the day before yesterday. ”

After hearing what Guo Yi said, the blue-clothed young man known as Sima Shuda immediately got up and bowed to Wang Xiang, "Sima Fu, the junior of the last school, has seen the senior. ”

Wang Xiang saw that the other party looked older than him, so he hurriedly returned the salute and said, "I don't deserve it." Yu and Lang Jun are the same age, how can they receive this great gift. ”

How do you know that Sima Fu insisted quite stubbornly, "Boyi and Xiu Zheng both enrolled in Yu before Yu, and they are Yu's teachers." ”

Guo Yi's son follows his father, and he doesn't care about fame and etiquette. I saw him wave his hand with a big grin and said, "If you listen to the lecture in the same class, you are classmates, so why do you care about the difference between the old and the young." ”

After all, Wang Xiang has been deeply influenced by Confucianism since he was a child, and he is not as free as Guo Yi. Seeing that he politely asked Sima Fu and asked, "There is one in the next twenty, I don't know Lang Jun Guigeng?" ”

Sima Fu replied, "Yu needs to be a few years older, and he is already twenty-five. ”

"Yu is the youngest, and the two brothers please accept the younger brother's worship." After saying that, Guo Yi suddenly got up and waved his hands at Sima Fu and Wang Xiang.

Guo Yi's move invisibly narrowed the relationship between the three. So after looking at each other and smiling. The three of them were seated separately. At this time, Wang Xiang remembered that Guo Yi's father, Guo Jia, had a lot of experience with the Legalist family, and couldn't help but ask curiously, "Boyi." Ling Zun is a genius in the world, and he is familiar with the Lu Ruqi method, why do you work hard to occupy a seat here in the morning? ”

Faced with Wang Xiang's question, he saw Guo Yi stretch out four fingers and explain in detail, "The Qi Legalist emphasizes art, potential, law, and teaching. The father is good at art and power; Tian Shangshu is good at law and potential; Cui Shangshu is good and taught; Cai Shizhong is good at teaching. It's rare for Tian Shangshu to give a lecture in person today, how can Yu miss it? ”

Seeing Guo Yi and Wang Xiang talking eloquently. The newcomer Sima Fu couldn't help but blurt out, "It is said that the Lord of Qi has the true inheritance of governing the country and the country, I don't know what he is good at?" ”

Mention your own king. Guo Yi's face was suddenly filled with a proud smile, "My family is known as the female middle pipe, and she is proficient in art, potential, law, and teaching. ”

Guo Yi's words made Sima Fu sigh impatiently, "If you can get the guidance of the Lord Qi." Yu is worth this life! ”

Wang Xiang also nodded with empathy. In other words, Dong Zhongshu proposed "the unity of heaven and man". And persuaded Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to depose the hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism alone, and the scholars of the Han Dynasty took loyalty to the emperor and loyalty to the society as the criterion. At that time, the officials were called "followers". The followers were loyal to the central government, dared to write and admonish, and did so with sincerity. In the early period of the Western Han Dynasty, the fate of the followers was not bad. Even if they are sometimes unjustly treated, they are likely to be praised in the end. But at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The government was corrupt, relatives and eunuchs alternated power, and some followers were not only not reused for life, but even persecuted. When the monarch began to regard his courtiers as if they were dirt mustard, the Confucian Taoism upheld by the followers was naturally no longer valued. When Dong Zhuo abolished the emperor and the heroes rose together, the imperial authority was hit like never before, and a large number of scholars began to regard the Confucian religion as nothing, and then alienated from the great unified regime.

In this context, He Yan's shouting of "teaching more and letting nature go" can certainly resonate with many young scholars, but it cannot solve the social, experience, and political problems in reality by relying on scriptures, metaphysics, and prophecy alone. On the other hand, Cai Ji is a female streamer, and he achieves a hegemony with Qi Law. Therefore, in Wang Xiang's view, students came to Longkou from all over the world to study, not only out of the need to prepare for the imperial examination and seek a half-official position, but also to explore a truly practical way to save the world in the chaotic times of collapse and happiness.

The implementation proves that Wang Xiang is far from the only one who has similar ideas. As time went on, more and more students came to the lecture hall to listen to the lectures. When Tian Feng arrived, the huge lecture hall seemed to be packed, and even students who did not occupy a seat simply stood outside the hall to listen to the lecture. Facing the eager students inside and outside the lecture hall, Tian Feng seemed quite indifferent. As Guo Yi said, Tian Feng is good at law and potential, and the content of his lecture today is the "Ren Law Chapter" about the rule of law in "Guanzi".

In the chapter on the appointment of the law, Guan Zhong bluntly said at the beginning, "The holy monarch is free of the law but not of wisdom, of the number of words, of the public but not of the private, of the avenue and not of small things, and then the world is ruled by the body." That is, the Shengming monarch relied on the law instead of wisdom, on policy rather than on discussion, on public rather than private, on the avenue rather than on trivial matters, and the result was that he was at ease and the world was peaceful.

Compared with the late Han Dynasty Huan and Emperor Ling's arbitrary, nepotism, and traitorous deeds, Guan Zhong's admonition more than 800 years ago can be described as deafening, which made all the students present hold their breath and listen attentively, and dare not make any abnormal noise. For a while, the lecture hall was so quiet that only the sound of Tian Feng's lecture remained.

The content of the "Guanzi * Ren Law" is not limited to exhorting the monarch to "rule the country by law", "pro-gentleman, far from the villain" and other broad words. It also involves how to do it, or more bluntly, how to "herdsmen". As we all know, Legalism emphasizes absolute obedience, and all dissenting people are "punished". Compared with Confucianism, which put forward the idea that "water can carry the boat, and it can also capsize the boat", the Legalists who "rule the country by law" are actually more arbitrary.

Therefore, when Tian Feng explained, "Therefore, if you follow the orders of the Lord, although you are injured or defeated, there is no punishment; Doing something that is not ordered by the Lord is utilitarian, but it is sinful and dead. However, in the next things, it is also like the sound of the sound; The minister's affairs are also the master, like the shadow of the form. Therefore, the order should be given, the Lord should obey, and the way of governance is also. The husband does not act according to the Lord's order, there is utilitarianism, because he is rewarded, it is a delusional act; If you follow the orders of the Lord, you will be hurt or defeated, and you will punish them, so that the people will deviate from the law for the sake of their interests. The ministers and the common people are concerned about their interests, and with their selfish measures, the legal system will be destroyed and the order will not be carried out. When this content was written, some students immediately raised objections.

"If the Lord's command is wrong, should he also do it?"

The student who asked the question was Sima Fu who was sitting next to Wang Xiang. Since Sima Fu had just entered the lecture hall, the vast majority of the students did not know him. But he said a common question in the hearts of most students. According to the Law of the Ruler, obeying the orders of the monarch should not be punished even if he is frustrated or failed; Failure to obey the orders of the monarch is punishable by death, even if it is utilitarian. It is to prevent the common people from acting according to their own will if everyone thinks about their interests. But in reality, it doesn't mean that the monarch is hard to find, even if you really meet the Ming monarch, you also need ministers to advise and correct the monarch's mistakes from the side. There is no reason why ministers should not be allowed to make slanderous remarks.

However, Sima Fu's public questioning did not annoy Tian Feng. In fact, Tian Feng himself was a courtier, and he was imprisoned by Yuan Shao because of "just committing a crime", and then almost died. But on the other hand, Sima Fu's question is indeed not easy to answer, after all, it involves the majesty of the monarch, and if one answer is not good, Tian Feng may be forced to commit it again.

And just when the students stretched their necks and waited for Tian Feng to give an answer, they suddenly heard a woman outside the hall say loudly, "The prosperity of politics is in the hearts of the people; The abolition of government is against the will of the people. If the lord's order is wrong, the subordinates should fight with slander! ”

Everyone turned around when they heard the voice, and at this time, they saw Cai Ji, who was wearing a plain full-breasted skirt, walking slowly from the atrium surrounded by Cai Yan and others. When the students realized that the words just now were from the mouth of Lord Qi, the whole scene immediately boiled. For a while, "Your Majesty!" "Your Majesty!" "It's you, come up!" cheers filled the hall and beyond.

On the other hand, Tian Feng saw Cai Ji take off his shoes and enter the hall with Cai Yan's support, so he quickly got up and bowed to Cai Ji and said, "I've seen you." ”

Cai Ji looked around at the students around him, and then smiled and said, "Mr. doesn't need to be polite, I'm just listening today, and I ask Mr. to continue teaching." ”

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I wish all book friends a happy Mid-Autumn Festival (*^__^*) (to be continued......)