Fourth, the origin of the maker

After the cartoon boy's explanation of the power machine, the second lecture was a cartoon girl who came to the front desk, and she said to the elementary school students with a whip in her hand: "I am explaining to you the invention and creation of electronics, which includes vacuum tubes, transistors, and integrated circuit series of display contents." Pen %Fun %Pavilion www.biquge.info She started with the working principle of the electron tube.

She said: "We know that the connection of the wire allows the current to flow in the wire, but Edison experimentally found that a certain substance (actually an electron) will pass through a metal plate and "jump" from the negative electrode of the battery to the positive electrode, this phenomenon is called the Edison effect, which is the original principle of the invention of the electron tube. ”

She said that she began to introduce the pictures, objects and working principles of the electron tube to the primary school students, and the narrator led the primary school students to see the electron tube, and she said to the primary school students: "If we compare the emergence of the electron tube to the beginning of electronic technology, then the emergence of the transistor is the basis for the development of modern electronic technology." Why are transistors more important than electron tubes? So let's look at transistors. ”

After she finished speaking, she led the children to the transistor exhibition hall, where there was a wall chart of the working principle of transistors, physical exhibits in the window, and various types of transistors of different models on the desk.

The narrator led the primary school students to the wall chart of the working principle of the transistor, and she pointed to the wall chart with a whip in her hand and said to the students: "The transistor is divided into PNP transistor and NPN transistor, the PNP transistor is made of two groups of P-type semiconductor materials sandwiched with an N-type semiconductor material to make it combined, and NPN is made by clamping two groups of N-type semiconductor materials with a P-type semiconductor material to combine them.

Transistors are divided into diodes, transistors, you see the wall chart on the transistor with two legs is the diode, there are three legs of the transistor is the transistor, the diode is actually a PN junction, it has unidirectional conductivity, we can use its unidirectional conductivity to install the diode in the rectifier, it can change the current, rectify the direct current.

The three legs of the transistor are the emitter, the base, and the collector, which has the function of amplifying the current, and we put it into the circuit, which can amplify the wireless signal-----------。 ”

The narrator led the primary school students to the table, she held the whip and pointed to the various transistors of different purposes on the table to introduce everyone one by one, and finally she said to the primary school students: "The greatest success of the invention, application and development of the transistor is its integration----------。 ”

The introduction of the period of rapid development of modern science and technology is explained by another cartoon boy, who said: "During this period, the electronics industry has always been in a leading position in the process of the development of science and technology in the world.

The development of the electronics industry began in the middle of the twentieth century, and after the emergence of transistors, it mainly developed in the direction of integration of electronic components. The speed of this development is very fast, initially, integrated circuits are transistors, resistors, capacitors and other electronic components integrated on the circuit board, and later with the emergence and development of lithography technology, people integrate electronic components on a flat silicon wafer.

With the development of semiconductor technology, the degree of integration of electronic components on silicon wafers is getting higher and higher, and the size of the pattern transmitted by lithography technology ranges from millimeters to submicrons. With the advent of nanotechnology, this kind of microelectronic technology will go to the next level, the development of integrated circuit miniaturization we talked about above, to provide technical guarantee for the manufacture of computer core CPU parts, these integrated circuit integrated microchips for intelligent robots installed on the brain, in all aspects of our lives from smart soybean milk machines to bank ATMs to thousands of electronic devices have integrated circuit chips working----------。 ”

It took more than three hours for the primary school students to browse around the valley, and after the students finished visiting the history of science makers, it was time for lunch.

Principal Qian said to everyone outside the movie hall: "The display we just saw is the way of the maker, and all our primary school students follow this path to achieve bigger and newer inventions." After he finished speaking, he whispered softly: "We will go here for the morning class, and Teacher Wen will lead everyone to the cafeteria to eat." ”

After the principal finished speaking, Teacher Wen led the big guy to the cafeteria to eat.