This golden and bronze Buddha head of Chendra is one of the earliest and most sensational trophies brought back by the Naotani expedition from the frontier provinces of China.

When they returned from their first expedition to China's border provinces and Central Asia, they returned with a full load.

Because the Manchu Qing Dynasty was weak at that time, and the Qing Dynasty government at that time did not have the concept of protecting its own cultural relics and culture at all, the Dagu expedition team could be said to have looted it on a large scale when it arrived in the border areas of China, and no one cared about it.

They not only went to those famous historical buildings in the area to loot, but also stole and dug up a lot of local ancient tombs, such as the Loulan Ancient Tomb at that time, many of which were stolen and excavated by them, and they were the ones who started this.

The 'expeditions' from other parts of the world learned that there were still so many ancient tombs waiting for them to excavate in China's border areas, and it was from them that they began to set off various 'expeditions' from Europe, the United States, and Japan to China's border areas to explore treasures.

In the more than 20 years since then, European, American countries and Japan have organized countless 'expeditions' to China's border areas to dig on a large scale, not only looting countless Chinese cultural relics, but also destroying many local ancient buildings and ancient tombs with extremely high archaeological value.

It was the success of this expedition that started the Otani expedition, and in the future, whenever they set out to go on an 'expedition' to China, countless wealthy Japanese people would always come to their door, provide them with financial support, and name them. Ask them to bring back some 'special' artifacts that they need.

And today, this gold and bronze Buddha head that opened the glory of the Otani expedition back then. I'm going to go home with Jin Muchen.

Jin Muchen put this gold and bronze Buddha head in his pocket with a heavy heart, and at the same time calculated in his heart, the time he came to Japan this time was too short, and there were too many things to deal with.

The next time I come to Japan, I must find the graves of those members of the Otani expedition, and I must dig up their graves when the time comes. Pick up all their bones, let them also taste the taste of exposing corpses in the wilderness, in order to relieve the hatred in their hearts.

Put away this Buddha head. Jin Muchen didn't have much time, so he stayed here and sighed and walked forward.

Soon he came to the ceramic display area, where there are many treasures waiting for him. Soon the first ceramic exhibits. and it was in his eyes.

This is a white porcelain phoenix head bottle, which is a work of the Tang Dynasty.

The earliest porcelain in China should actually be from the Jin Dynasty, but the porcelain at that time, because the firing was more time-consuming and laborious, and it was rarely able to produce fine products, and the most important thing was that it could not make the breathtaking fine porcelain of later generations. Therefore, porcelain at this time is not the mainstream of ornamental ceramics.

So the porcelain of this time. Most of them are mainly practical utensils, and this white porcelain phoenix head bottle in front of you is like this.

Not to mention the workmanship and the porcelain of the Ming and Qing dynasties, when the development of porcelain art reached its peak, it cannot be compared with the porcelain of the Song Dynasty, when porcelain began to flourish.

Although this white porcelain phoenix head bottle is claimed to be white porcelain, its whiteness cannot be compared with the white porcelain of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the color is relatively dark yellow.

And the production process is also very rough, the porcelain vase is about more than 20 centimeters high, the shape of the upper narrow and the lower width, the whole porcelain vase, there is no glaze, where the picture is drawn.

It is such a simple white and yellowed porcelain bottle, the only outstanding place is that in the place of the bottle mouth, a crested lid is made, and the head of the phoenix is also more funny, looking more like a chicken head.

To be honest, the skills of this modeling are not comparable with the later Ming and Qing dynasties.

But despite this, the preciousness of this white porcelain phoenix head bottle is self-evident.

Although the porcelain on the market is now respected in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Song dynasty is also very popular, mainly because the porcelain of these dynasties has its own characteristics.

For example, most of the porcelain of the Song Dynasty is famous for its simple shape, simple and rich color, and Zen feeling.

The porcelain of the Ming and Qing dynasties, because it happened to be the peak of the development of Chinese porcelain, was famous for its bright colors, exquisite shapes, delicate workmanship, and luxurious materials.

However, the porcelain before the Song Dynasty was also quite recognized by the market, and the reason why those collectors were willing to pay for the porcelain before the Song Dynasty was mainly because the porcelain before the Song Dynasty was too small.

You must know that before the Song Dynasty, China experienced several periods of 'national integration' during the invasion of grassland peoples, and the damage brought by those 'ethnic integration' to the Zhengshuo of Chinese civilization was quite amazing.

The three palaces of the Han Dynasty and the Chang'an of the Han Dynasty left by the great Han Dynasty have all turned into a handful of loess, and the once glorious Tang civilization has also been wiped out.

Therefore, many of the exquisite utensils they made back then have been wiped out with the flames of war.

Not to mention such fragile porcelain, and pottery? It is one of the few that can be completely preserved to the present, which is also the main reason why the porcelain before the Song Dynasty was very expensive in the collection market.

Although they are not at all comparable to the porcelain of the Song Dynasty and later in terms of artistry, it is precisely because of their small number of surviving that their prices are strong.

For example, the white porcelain phoenix head bottle in front of Jin Muchen now, the shape can definitely be said to be ugly, and the workmanship is not beautiful at all, but because of its small survival, in addition, this is a phoenix head bottle, such a thing must be used by the nobles in the palace during the Tang Dynasty.

With the royal bonus, the price of this piece of porcelain will immediately increase several times.

If it was originally such a white porcelain bottle, with his identity as a porcelain of the Tang Dynasty, it would definitely be worth seven or eight million, but if the royal bonus is added, then at least it will be turned over to one hundred, and it can reach a quotation of about fifteen million yuan.

So although this white porcelain phoenix head bottle was not rated as their national treasure by the Japanese, Jin Muchen still smiled at this white porcelain phoenix head bottle.

After putting away the white porcelain phoenix head bottle, Jin Muchen continued to walk back, and soon saw the one he saw when he stepped on it before, the three-color applique double dragon ear bottle.

This Shuanglong ear bottle is about 30 centimeters high, with a thin neck, a peony flower on the bottle body, and the two handles are shaped into the appearance of Shuanglong absorbing water, and the workmanship is exquisite and beautiful.

The most important thing is this double dragon handle, it has basically been affirmed that this double dragon ear bottle is definitely a royal vessel used by the royal family back then, and it is very likely to be the tomb of an emperor in the Tang Dynasty.

In this way, the value of this double dragon ear bottle is immediately different.

And this is a piece of Tang Sancai pottery, although it is not ceramic, but because he is an authentic Tang Sancai, and it is also the emperor's ear bottle, in this way, the price of this thing is immediately higher than those three-color horses or something.

During the Tang Dynasty, because porcelain was not yet popular, the main vessel used by people to hold water at that time was pottery, and the main ornamental vessel of dignitaries and dignitaries was also pottery.

And if it is stoneware without any color, those nobles can not look at it, after all, the stoneware thing, is the mud burned out, but also too much of the breath, completely not in line with the temperament of the nobles in spring and snow.

As a result, some craftsmen who fired ceramics began to work the shape and color of the pottery.

At the beginning, these craftsmen fired the most successful horses of Tang Sancai, you must know that when the Tang Dynasty was founded, it was a military achievement, and the Tang Dynasty at that time was not only able to fight by military generals, but even the emperor was the emperor who immediately won the world.

Therefore, the emperors of the early years of the Tang Dynasty were very fond of horses, especially when it came to the time of Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty, because in the prosperous era of the Kaiyuan Dynasty, Tang Xuanzong's cultural and martial arts had surpassed his ancestors, so he himself also liked horses very much.

The royal craftsmen of the palace fired a lot of three-color horses, and as a result, these things were naturally very liked by the Tang Ming Emperor, which is the so-called upward and downward effect.

Such three-color horses also began to become popular in the upper circles, from the emperor, down to the civil and military generals, and then to the petty officials at all levels, and the rich businessmen were very fond of the three-color horses.

So much so that after they died, they would take down the three-color horse for burial, which is also the main reason why after the founding of the People's Republic of China, our country excavated several ancient tombs of the Tang Dynasty, and the three-color horse was unearthed.

In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, because of the change of people's aesthetic tastes, craftsmen also began to try to fire a variety of different three-color pottery, so there was a variety of three-color pottery.

Of course, these pottery, in addition to their practical effects, are also the ornamental vessels that dignitaries usually like, and after they die, they will also be buried with them.

In the later Ming and Qing dynasties, in our domestic antique market, there were actually a lot of Tang Sancai pottery circulation, but it has not been very popular, because the collectors at that time thought this thing was unlucky.

After all, it is a burial object, and it is also used by those dead people, so even if they have a big heart, they will inevitably make mistakes.

Because there is no market, the people who sell this kind of Tang Sancai are naturally not very careful, and the preservation conditions are of course not good, so many unearthed Tang Sancai pottery was almost destroyed at that time.

By the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were basically not many Tang Sancai pottery on the market, and even if there were, they were all looted by those European and American collectors.

The Japanese were rising stars at that time, and the era of coming to China to take advantage was relatively late, and by the time they came to China to loot this thing, there were basically not many left. (To be continued.) )