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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an administrative scientific research agency of the U.S. federal government, responsible for formulating and implementing the U.S. civil space program and conducting aeronautical science and space science research, and its headquarters is located in Washington, D.C.

Duke came to NASA to seek support, "Gravity" is not a science fiction movie like "Transformers" or "Star Wars" after all, it must be reduced in places that do not conform to the actual situation, NASA is undoubtedly the most authoritative organization, if you can get their support, from preparation to shooting to post-production, it will definitely reduce a lot of unnecessary trouble.

Like the former director, Duke easily won the support of NASA, and his fame was even greater, and the other party also paid more attention to the project, not only sending two active astronauts who were in the recuperation stage to the crew to guide the crew, but also accepting Duke's invitation to send a four-person technical team to help the crew design and shoot props such as the space station and spacecraft.

In Duke's planning, most of the scenes inside the space station in the film will be filmed in the built set, although the team will only stay in Los Angeles for less than a month, and the crew will also have to pay a lot of money, but their participation will undoubtedly make the built scenes more professional.

Every shot of the film is based on reality, except for China's Tiangong and Shenzhou spacecraft, which have not yet been announced, most of which rely on imagination, and the other space stations and satellites used for filming must be accurately modeled.

When it comes to the Chinese elements in the film, Duke will not be as inconsistent as the original director, he added Chinese elements for business. In order to increase attractiveness in the Chinese market.

Moreover, Warner Bros. once again introduced funds from China Film Group in the pre-sale, and the other party also sent professionals from relevant parties to ensure that the content involving China in the film would not touch the sensitive nerves of Big Scissors.

The biggest selling point of the film is the special effects and the heroine's self-help. Among them, the special effects are more commercial.

In order to make the film as immersive as possible for the audience, Duke looked up a lot of astronauts, and after returning to Los Angeles, he kept communicating with the two astronauts sent by NASA and obtained a lot of information.

The one-man show of the heroine in the film is very difficult. So Duke paid close attention to the details of Scarlett's preparations, not only inviting a yogi to train her, but also allowing the astronauts to practice the rhythm of space breathing that she used during filming.

After all, Scarlett is a literary girl, and George? Clooney's role is limited, and Duke is more at ease with them, and the main focus of the preliminary preparation is on special effects.

For special effects, the biggest challenge was to represent the weightlessness and present it to the audience, in addition to making the actors forget the feeling of gravity as much as possible, the crew would use a lot of CG animation techniques. Make the composition more realistic.

It is no exaggeration to say that space is the ultimate dream of all mankind, and even for the dream machine of film, it is no easy task to create real space on the silver screen.

Ideally, the entire film would be filmed in space, but this is obviously impossible.

The biggest difficulty in making Gravity came from the technical aspect, and Duke was well aware of this, but compared to Alfonso? Cuarón, he has too many advantages.

First of all, Duke is also one of the directors who is at the forefront of Hollywood technology; Secondly. How many times has he been to James? Cameron's filming location also has enough knowledge of the improved equipment of the king of the world, and many of them can be directly applied to the filming of "Gravity"; Finally, ILM's special effects team is strong enough. When Duke came up with some of the special effects solutions he remembered, he quickly figured out how to use them.

Of course, the most important thing is that Duke has a production budget of $200 million, and if necessary, it can continue to add more, and enough money to hire more special effects crews to work at the same time. Thus compressing the production time.

The realistic space scenery in the film will be created entirely in CG, and the special effects team has spent a lot of time studying the real space.

"It must be more realistic than other space films!"

Gravity's VFX supervisor Tim? Webb took Duke's request and began the special effects work for the film before filming.

According to Duke's vision, when the space environment of "Gravity" is presented on the IMAX screen, it is no less than an interstellar journey for the audience sitting in the dark wearing 3D glasses, and only most of the scenes inside the space station are shot in the built set in the whole film, and the realistic feeling of outer space actually needs to be realized by CG, and all the space shots are synthesized by CG.

In the early preparations, Duke and his team interviewed astronauts, read various books about space, and studied thousands of photos taken in space to learn about space. And then a lot of thought went into the details, and like he said, you have to make sure that the images in every shot are based on reality.

However, China's Sky and Shenzhou are not in this ranks, even if the funds of China Film Group are introduced, the other party will not be able to get this information, Hannah? Serena's set team can only rely on imagination.

In order to simulate the majestic light sensation in space, the visual effects team of "Gravity" will also use ILM's newly developed software as a picture renderer for the first time, and in the early preparations, ILM's programmers wrote a full 71,000 pieces of coloring code in the software.

Tim? Weber once described the amount of rendering work of the film to Duke, "If it were to be produced on a single-core CPU computer, it would have to be rendered from the beginning of Egyptian civilization, that is, in 5000 B.C., until the next century, in time for the test screening at the end of the year." ”

After the completion of the modeling, at the request of Duke, ILM's huge special effects team took the lead in the production of several explosion scenes that purely relied on CG, because the explosion in the vacuum is completely different from the explosion on the earth, Duke did not plan to use the model explosion method to shoot the explosion scene in the film.

But according to his requirements, these explosion shots are not completely realistic, this is a commercial film after all, and some shots are not for realism, but to convey an atmosphere and increase the appeal of the film.

In addition to this, there are quite a few dangerous scenes in some scenes, and CG characters will also be used.

In fact, some of the actions are too dangerous, such as in the shot of levitating inside the capsule during the shooting, Scarlett? Johnson's leg will be put to the test, but Duke won't let her risk that injury.

Even if it was to help her rush the Olympics, Duke would not allow accidents to happen.

It is impossible to avoid the problem of weightlessness in a movie with the name of "gravity", which is also one of the key tasks in the preliminary preparations.

Duke has always been clear that the weightlessness on the big screen in space movies is actually the weightlessness of the perspective of the picture, not the real weightlessness.

Therefore, the core problem that he and his team had to solve was how to deal with the problem of changing perspectives.

So, John? Schwartzman recommended him a robotic arm that could be operated flexibly.

The robotic arm is basically taken out of the car factory, John? Schwarzman once found a small company in San Francisco that had its cameras fixed to a robotic arm to shoot films, which allowed them to precisely control the movement of the camera, and at the same time was very flexible.

This inspiration inspired him.

With a speed of 4 meters per second, a radius of 3.1 meters, an accuracy of 0.04 mm, an axis of up to 7 joints, and a track of more than 10 meters, this robotic arm is enough to complete a variety of complex and delicate movements, and shoot shots at various tricky angles at will.

However, in subsequent shooting tests, Duke and John? Schwarzman found that the effect of the robotic arm was not as good as expected.

In the initial test, Scarlett? Johnson was placed on a machine with a small range of motion, and she was flanked by two robotic arms, one controlling a lens and one controlling a light source.

This basically expresses the crew's idea of solving the problem of weightless lenses - changing camera angles and moving light sources.

But the results were far less than expected.

This question bothered Duke for a few days, and he kept talking to Hannah? Serena and John? Schwartzman communicated, and also Tim Smith, a special effects expert in industrial light and magic? Webb summoned him, and after discussion, the four of them came up with the idea of using the robotic arm as the basis to make a more suitable equipment for filming - a light box!

After continuous experiments, it took more than half a month for the crew to produce the ideal light box of the Duke four, which is mainly composed of LED screens, movable baskets, and IRIS robotic arm cameras.

This is actually a cube box about six meters high and about three meters wide specially built by the visual effects team, surrounded by an LED screen composed of 1.8 million light bulbs, and a simple movable basket in the center. Johnson is performing in this basket.

But this light box also has a flaw, and it is very hot inside when it works......

It's just that the time is limited, and this is already the best solution that the crew can think of in a short time, when simulating weightlessness, the basket in the "light box" can only be displaced to 45 degrees of tilt, because once it exceeds this angle, the actor will be in danger of falling.

In order to ensure the safety of the actors, more perspective changes will be driven by the IRIS robotic arm to achieve the effect of relative displacement, and if the actor's body angle rotation is too large, gravity will easily cause facial congestion and picture distortion.

When the actor "smashes" the camera, the actor is essentially immobile, but the camera is "smashed" at the actor under the precise control of the robotic arm. (To be continued.) )