Chapter 36: Dusk and Dawn (I)
It is the characteristic of Europe to make a profit from business, to support workers with business, to promote war with business, to fight with business, to lead a hair and move the whole body, and to pull all walks of life with a business. In the 14th century, agriculture in Europe was in decline, but commerce took over and continued to grow.
On the surface, commerce is nothing more than a simple transaction of buying and selling goods and freight, but in reality it is much more complicated. A businessman is an organizer and operator. He asks for payment for the goods and bears all the risks in the process of trading and freight. He had to travel between regions and countries where customs, customs, laws, and religions were completely different, and sometimes even the safety of people and goods was not guaranteed.
The businessman has to face the customs, local officials and the government, make a count of the relevant people, give kickbacks, organize a supply intelligence network, pay bribes, analyze customs duties and industry taxes, distinguish the quality and quality of goods, and sometimes he has to collect debts when he owes money in a certain link, he has to recognize the partners, not only to trust others, but also to prevent being cheated.
Thus emerged the first commercial fraternity, which was relatively rare at home but abound abroad, with thousands of years old fraternities and newly formed fraternities. In fact, in China, with the north and south as the line, each rich man has formed a club similar to a brotherhood (if you are interested, you can find out for yourself, they are all big names.) The role of this brotherhood was to study the tariffs of each country, and the grading of products, and many merchants joined in. Gradually, a set of standards applicable to each country was formed.
The development of business has created a gap between the rich and the poor, and the consortium chaebol has begun to appear. There is a good saying, if there is a profit of 300 percent, capital will dare to trample on the laws of the world.
In the sixteenth century, a brotherhood called Twilight was born, with twenty members, all of whom were the largest merchants in any European country or trade. And they also set off a colonial frenzy in the sixteenth century. The Brotherhood of Twilight used money to bribe those in power, sending troops to acquire colonies, monopolizing resources, blackmailing the royal family into lowering tariffs and opening doors. Their actions angered an English earl, who led his guards into the place where they were meeting and killed them all. The count was also hanged for homicide.
In the seventeenth century, Britain took the lead in establishing the separation of powers, and the steam engine began to be used in industrial production, and industry and commerce became the most important lifeblood of the country. The Middle Ages ended, and the Renaissance brought an awakening. The Brotherhood of Twilight made a comeback, and they began to raise prices and destroy surplus goods in a joint effort to raise prices and destroy surplus goods, forming a partial commercial monopoly for the first time. At that time, the Netherlands replaced Spain as the maritime hegemon and the country with the most developed capital economy. The Dutch took advantage of the Dusk Brotherhood to control the exchange of goods in the North Sea and the Baltic region, replacing the Hanseatic League in the northern trade and becoming a monopolist in the distribution of grain, timber, iron, linen, leather and other goods from the Scandinavian countries and Russia. It also inherited the trade of Italian merchants in the Mediterranean region in the Middle Ages, and took the oriental trade into their hands. What's more, the Dusk Brotherhood also seized control of the colonies' trade by the Portuguese, leaving commercial relations between European countries and between themselves and the colonies through guò Brotherhood merchants.
Although the English earl was hanged, the title was inherited, and his descendants formed a death squad for the strength of England and for the fight against the Netherlands, because the goal was the Twilight Brotherhood, so they named themselves the Brotherhood of Dawn.
After the end of the English Civil War, the expansion route was resumed, the navy was vigorously developed, and in 1651 a law was passed to prohibit the Dutch from participating in the English maritime trade, and the two countries fought three wars caused by trade. In the Second War, Britain was defeated and devastated, coupled with the plague and the Great Fire of London, and a series of treaties were signed.
The Brotherhood of the Dawn also fully matured and began to hunt down members of the Brotherhood of Twilight throughout Europe, and the Brotherhood of Twilight also hired assassins, killers, and bodyguards to deal with the attacks of the Brotherhood of Dawn, and the war between the two sides lasted for five years, because the Brotherhood of Dawn was from the children of the British nobility, for their own interests and honor, fearless of life and death, and severely damaged the Brotherhood of Twilight. At the same time, the Third Anglo-Dutch War broke out, the Netherlands was defeated, and Britain became the world hegemon.
The battle between dusk and dawn has come to an end for the time being. Beginning in the eighteenth century, the Twilight Brotherhood revived, this time more stealthy and strategic, and began to buy politicians, pass guò laws, and start global colonization with Britain and France, mainly the European powers. In particular, Britain, relying on its powerful navy, has become the world's super-colonial, commercial and military power for more than two centuries, waging colonial wars all over the world, bringing huge economic benefits to merchants. Merchants encouraged colonization first to plunder industrial raw materials such as cotton, wool, fuel, iron, copper, tin, and coal, and later to open up new markets to digest the finished industrial products they manufactured. It has even progressed to the extermination or expulsion of indigenous peoples in order to gain space for industrial development, or to the conquest and transformation of indigenous societies to meet the needs of merchants.
In the nineteenth century, the fire of colonization burned to the land of China, and two ** wars broke out, and the great powers, especially Russia, began to annex a large number of Chinese lands.
A British hospital that advocated peace decided to destroy the businessmen, the Brotherhood of Dusk, who had effectively taken control of the parliament's voice, after repeated unsuccessful demands from parliament to halt colonial expansion. The Dawn Alliance officially appeared, and most of the members of the Dawn Alliance were strange people who had been colonized by Europe, the United States and other countries. At this time, the Twilight Brotherhood had reached an all-time high of one hundred and twenty members.
One day in the late nineteenth century, a group of people from dozens of colonized countries, including China, India, Korea, New Zealand, and Australia, launched a surprise attack on members of the Twilight Brotherhood in their own countries. At the same time, more than a hundred Assassins from more than twenty European countries also launched attacks on members of the Brotherhood of Dusk. Due to the suddenness of the attack, the Dawn Alliance was well-prepared and fearless to death, and the Twilight Brotherhood had more than a hundred assassinations in a single day, almost annihilating the entire army.
As a result of the attack on the Brotherhood at dusk, the attitude of the Great Powers towards colonization also changed considerably. Russia continued to kill indigenous people and annex land, while the United States used unequal treaty reparations to build schools for the colonies, including Tsinghua University, which was built for China with Gengzi reparations. The British hegemon began to be in turmoil, and for a time stopped colonial expansion. The Dawn Alliance also suffered heavy losses, and with the official search and arrest after the incident, no more than one in ten remained.
PS: There is a lot of nonsense in the chapter today, so three more today!
PS2: PS Look at character.
PS3: What's the festival of tickets? Knocked off the list......