Qi country, Linzi.

Jiang began from the Taigong, through the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period, passed on the throne for 31 generations, ruled Qi for six or seven hundred years, and was known as Jiang Qi in history. In the nineteenth year of Kang Gong, Dafu Tian and Qian Kang Gong moved to the East China Sea, usurped power and stood on their own, and they were still in Linzi. Change the town to Anping, and change the thorn town to the painting. After 8 generations of monarchs, he has ruled Qi for more than 160 years, and is known as Tian Qi in history. Thirty-one years of pardon the king, Yan will Le Yi trapped more than 70 cities, only Ju, Jimo two cities have not been down, Linzi returned to Yan for 5 years. In 279 B.C., Tiandan regained Qi, established the law of King Xiang, and returned to Linzi.

Walking slowly in the wide streets, the prosperity in front of him seems to temporarily dispel the inner unease, Yan Hong looked at the crowd of people shoulder to shoulder, looking at the rows of shops, since Tiandan returned to the country, although the Qi country has been in a slump, now the Qi country is on the verge of decay, but it is worth affirming that the Qi country has lived on the coast of the capital sea for a long time, since ancient times, the foundation of the country is good, for a hundred years, the Qin State has implemented the policy of distant friendship and close attack, and there is no war on the border of the Qi State, which has also given the Qi State a stable development space, commerce, fishery, and so on are extremely developed, Among them, the shipbuilding industry is second to none among the seven countries.

But this qiē is not the proudest in the eyes of the people of Qi, especially among the scholars, they are the most proud of the highest institution of Confucianism in the world, Jixia School Palace is in Linzi City, the Confucian holy land of Xiaoshengxian Zhuang is in the land of Qi, Confucianism is a master, a generation of Confucian masters, Xun Qing lives on the coast of the East China Sea at this time, in the small sage village.

Confucianism, as one of the two great scholars in the world, almost put its own foundation in the Qi country, which is not unrelated to the fact that Confucius was born in the land of Qilu, but it is enough to prove that the Qi country is rich in things and people, and the background is profound.

Although it is a troubled time now, the Dacheng Hall is still full of incense, and the Jixia Palace is still full of books, but since the young Mr. Fu Nian succeeded to the head of Confucianism, the position of the owner of the small sage village, since he took charge of Confucianism, the Confucian holy land is closed, and the foreign Confucian disciples do not know what the reason is, but the people who have experienced that incident a few years ago are sad and panicked, and the Tibetan Scripture Pavilion has been damaged, and there is no reason so far.

Therefore, closing the door to thank guests has become the best way, except for the assessment of recruiting disciples every year, most of the rest of the time there are no guests, but at this moment Yan Hong has come to the place of Jixia School Palace.

In its heyday, the Jixia School Palace once accommodated almost all the schools of thought in the "Hundred Schools of Thought" at that time, among which the main ones were Taoism, Confucianism, Law, Name, Soldier, Agriculture, Yin and Yang, and Light and Heavy Schools. In its heyday, Jixia School Palace brought together about 1,000 wise men from all over the world, including famous scholars such as Mencius, Chun Yuji, Zou Yan, Tian Piao, Shen Dao, Shen Bu Harm, Jieyu, Ji Zhen, Huanyuan, Peng Meng, Yin Wen, Tian Ba, Er Shuo, Lu Zhonglian, Zou Shuang, Xunzi and so on. Xunzi, in particular, has served as the "sacrificial wine" (the head of the school palace) three times. At that time, all literati and scholars who came to the Jixia Academy, regardless of their academic affiliation, ideological views, political tendencies, as well as their country, age, seniority, etc., were free to express their academic opinions, thus making the Jixia Academy a center where various schools of thought converged at that time. These scholars argued, cross-examined, and absorbed each other, and became typical examples of the "contention of a hundred schools" that truly embodied the Warring States period. What is even more valuable is that the rulers of Qi at that time adopted a very polite attitude, and named many famous scholars as "Shang Da Da Doctor", and "received the Lu of Shang Da", that is, they had the corresponding title and support, and allowed them to "discuss without cure. Therefore, Jixia Xuegong has the dual nature of academic and political affairs, it is both a government-run academic institution and an official-run political advisory group.

The scholarship of the Jixia Academy is broad and profound, and it contains the ideas of various schools and schools at that time. As far as Confucianism is concerned, the influential Confucian scholars who have been in the Jixia Academy are Mencius in the front and Xunzi in the back. "King Qi Xuan praises Confucianism and respects learning, Meng Ke; The disciples who are pure in the body are subject to the doctor's advice, regardless of their duties, and discuss state affairs. Mr. Gai Qi Jixia has more than one person. The modern scholar Qian Mu believes that this historical material is unreliable and that Mencius is not "Mr. Jixia", but many scholars disagree with Qian Mu's view. Regardless of whether Mencius was a gentleman or not, it is certain that Mencius lived in Qi for a long time, and his thinking was quite influenced by scholars under Jixia, such as Mencius's thought on "raising the qi of Haoran", some scholars believe that it was influenced by the "qi theory" of Mr. Jixia Song Yu and Yin Wen. As for Xunzi, he is the last master of the Jixia Academy, he is based on Confucianism, and has made a comprehensive criticism and summary of Jixia Scholarship, absorbing and revising Jixia Scholarship from the aspects of human nature, epistemology, political theory, and the relationship between heaven and man, so as to push Zhuzi scholarship to a climax and become the real summarizer of Zhuzi Studies in the Warring States Period, among which the most influential for later generations is Xunzi's political zhì thought of "combination of ritual and law".

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Walking quietly between the corridors, looking at the childish children in the houses, reading the Confucian classics with the sound of books, Yan Hong's mouth gradually swayed a warm smile, many years ago, he was also a part of this, classmates and friends, five or six children, six or seven teenagers, reading and studying here during the day, walking by the river with the afterglow of the sunset at dusk, or playing in the hall, it is really not a word.

I still remember that that year, Senior Brother Han Fei and Senior Brother Li Si went out to teach, but it was in this Jixia School Palace, a sharp-tongued debate.

Han Fei emphatically summarized the ideas of Shang Ying, Shen Bu Harm and Prudence, and integrated Shang Ying's law, Shen Bu Harm technique and Shen Bu Harm and Shen Dao's potential into one. At the same time, he pointed out that the biggest shortcoming of the Shen Shang doctrine is that it does not combine the law with the arts, and secondly, the second major defect of the Shen and Shang theories lies in the "unfinished" and "Shen Zi is not fully in the arts, and the Shang Jun is not in the law". Han Fei discussed the content of the magic and the relationship between the two according to his own point of view, and he believed that the rule of the country requires the monarch to make good use of power, and at the same time the subordinates must abide by the law. Compared with Shen Buxian, Han Fei's "technique" has mainly developed in the aspect of "art to know treachery". He believes that the monarch should not trust his subordinates too much, and he must "judge the criminal name". In terms of law, Han Fei particularly emphasized the idea of "stopping punishment with punishment" and emphasizing "severe punishment" and "heavy punishment".

What is particularly commendable is that for the first time, Han Fei clearly put forward the idea of "the law is not noble", advocating that "the punishment should not avoid the minister, and the reward should not be spared". This is an important contribution to China's legal thinking, and has had a positive impact on the elimination of aristocratic privileges and the maintenance of the dignity of the law.

Han Fei believes that it is not enough to have law and art, but must have "potential" as a guarantee. "Potential", that is, power, power. He appreciated the cautious saying that "Yao Wei can not govern three people, but Ji Wei is the son of heaven can mess with the world", and put forward the argument that "if you hold the law and deal with the situation, you will be governed, and if you go back to the law, you will be chaotic" ("Difficult Situation").

Han Fei's entire theory originated from Xunzi's idea of "sexual evil" and his political goal of establishing a feudal centralized and absolutist state. He believes that the relationship between people is a matter of interest, and people's psychology is all "fear of punishment and reward", and the duty of the king of the people is to use the "punishment" and "morality" second-hand, so that the people are afraid of the prestige and return to profit.

Han Fei's idea of the rule of law adapted to the needs of a certain stage of China's historical development and played a certain theoretical guiding role in the establishment of China's feudal centralized system.

Reform and governance and change the law to make it strong are a major and important content of Han Fei's thought. He inherited Shang Ying's ideological tradition of "governing the world without one rule, the country will be lawless", put forward the view that "if the world is not repaired, the lawlessness is often allowed", and advocated that "if the world is different, things will be different", and "if things are different, they will be prepared".

Han Fei's political ideology of combining "law", "technique" and "potential" is an important content of feudal absolutism. Han Fei also inherited some of Xunzi's ideas on feudal absolutism, and further theorized and systematized them, thus becoming an advocate of feudal absolutism.

However, Senior Brother Li Si made another remark, that is, the remarks of the day, which made Yan Hong know a real Li Si, and similar to Shang Ying, Li Si also implemented the Legalist usual torture system; The core spirit of today's law is morality, which takes morality as the starting point to plan and stipulate the strict boundaries between inside and outside the law; At that time, the "law" of the Legalists was a kind of law of oppression and ignorance of the people, and the people were punished with extremely harsh punishments and high-pressure punishments that imprisoned the people's thoughts, words and deeds.

What makes Yan Hong remember most is that when he traveled one day, Li Si once sighed, "People are not virtuous, such as rats." ”

A juvenile experience, gathered into a story, came to a lesson, this is the future Li Si is the core of the world, Yan Hong once laughed at the 'mouse philosophy', only this sentence, Yan Hong has a clear heart, Li Si's theory of life is to try to protect their own high-ranking officials, the starting point of being a minister is to obey the emperor's orders by unscrupulous means to protect their official fortune, so the comprehensive starting point is self-interest, which extends a series of principles of life.

A talented, but jealous, died young, a rich five-car, but is so narrow-minded, mercenary, what a pity, what a pity, how lamentable, shook his head gently, sorted out the chaotic thoughts in his mind, Yan Hong was a little stunned at the moment, maybe this is the so-called touching the scene.

Now, the smoke is everywhere, this past hundreds of schools of thought contended, the debate continued to Jixia School Palace, has also become deserted, at least this way, Yan Hong did not see where there is a hundred schools of thought in the past, competing for the grand occasion of rebuttal, raise his head, look up at the sky and clouds, time is like a white horse passing by, in a few days, it is the fiftieth birthday of Teacher Xunzi, and his own unscrupulous disciple should also go to the little sage village to meet the teacher.

I haven't seen him for years, 'Teacher! Now it's okay or not! ’

The teachings of the past, as if it were just yesterday, look back on it is already a white cloud and a dog, and the teacher also thinks that it is the year of destiny.

took a step, walked out of the gate of the Jixia School Palace again, looked back, maybe today is the last time to see this scene, under the war, here, will it still be the Jixia School Palace in the past?

Looking back on the past, the years are like a song, and then looking back, the white horse has passed through the gap, and things are not people!