Chapter 73: Exploring the Snowy Land (Part II)
Long Dan and the Sakya Lama talked for two hours, and they talked very much, Sakya knew that Long Dan was to travel to the snowy region, so he introduced: "Come to the snowy plateau, you must not go to the Jokhang Temple to see, I have a letter here to the Jokhang Temple Grand Lama Jibu, you take him with him is a token, after you go, the Great Lama Jibu will receive you", Long Dan saw that the Sakya Grand Lama was so enthusiastic and said: "The master is so courteous, it is really unrecompensable", Sakya smiled and said: "There is a cause and a result, since you have a good fate, Then there will be good results, and the donor only needs to remember that he can do one thing for my temple in the future."
When Long Dan saw that the Sakya Lama had made this request, he agreed with his mouth. Many years later, the Sakya Monastery encountered a problem, and it was really Long Dan who came forward to solve it, which can be regarded as the fulfillment of the Sakya Lama's prophecy, which is a later story.
The Jokhang Temple that Long Dan is going to is very famous. There is a saying in the snowy region that "there is Jokhang Temple first, and then there is Sara City", and Jokhang Temple has a central position in Sara City, not only in terms of geographical location, but also in terms of social life. The circle of the Buddha Hall of Sakyamuni in the center of the Jokhang Temple is called "Nangkuo", the outer wall of the Jokhang Temple is called "Bakhor Street", and the street radiating out of the Jokhang Temple is called "Barkhor Street", that is, Octagonal Street. With the Jokhang Temple as the center, a large circle that includes the main buildings in the city is called "Lin Kuo". These three rings, from the inside to the outside, are the routes of the snowy meridian turning ceremony. The layout of the Jokhang Temple is different from that of the Han Buddhist temples, and its main hall is located in the east and facing the west. The main hall is four stories high, with side halls on both sides, and the layout and structure reproduce the ideal cosmic model of the mandala mandala in Buddhism. The main Buddha halls in the temple are Shakyamuni Hall, Dzongkepa Hall, Songtsen Gampo Hall, Pandan Ram Hall and so on. The various wood carvings and murals in the temple are exquisite, and the air is filled with the aroma of ghee. After entering the Jokhang Temple from the main entrance, you will enter a wide open-air courtyard in a clockwise direction, which was once the site of the large-scale Lhasa Prayer Meeting. At that time, tens of thousands of monks from the three major temples of Sara gathered here to pray for the happiness of all beings and social stability, and also held activities such as debate scriptures, exorcism of ghosts, and welcoming Maitreya Buddha. "Melang Chenmo" began in 1409 A.D., in order to commemorate Shakyamuni's defeat of the six foreign paths with the method of divine transformation, and gathered monks of various monasteries and sects to hold a blessing ceremony in the Jokhang Temple during the first month of the snowy calendar. The murals on the walls of the colonnade and the cloister around the courtyard are called the Thousand Buddha Corridor because they are full of thousands of Buddha statues. The murals of the entire Jokhang Temple are more than 4,400 square meters. Continue around to the right, passing through the Yaksha Hall and the Dragon King Hall on both sides, and behind the hundreds of lighted ghee offerings is the famous "Juekang" Buddha Hall. It is not only the main body of the Jokhang Temple, but also the place where the essence of the Jokhang Temple is located. The Buddhist hall is a closed courtyard type, the building is four floors high, and the center is the large scripture hall. Believers believe that this is where the core of the universe lies. At present, this is the place where the monks of Jokhang Temple chant and practice. From the main scripture hall, you can see the exquisite shape of the thousand-armed thousand-eyed Guanyin statue, there are two richly decorated Buddha statues on both sides, the left is Padmasambhava, and the right is the Qiangba Buddha statue. The main hall is surrounded by small Buddha halls, except for the Shakyamuni Buddha Hall in the center, the rooms are small but the layout is simple. The Shakyamuni Buddha Hall is the heart of the Jokhang Temple, which is the ultimate yearning of pilgrims. The statue of Shakya enshrined in this hall is a Buddha statue carried by Princess Wencheng. Along the Thousand Buddha Corridor around the "Juekang" Buddha Hall to turn around the "bag outline" is complete. This is the "inner circle" of the three meridian paths of Sarana, the middle, and the outer. The main prayer turning activities are centered on Shakyamuni Buddha at Jokhang Temple.
Long Dan took the letter from the Sakya Master and went straight to the Jokhang Temple, and with the letter, he easily met the Great Lama Jibu. After reading the letter, Grand Lama Jibu warmly received Long Dan and allowed Long Dan to stay and study the secret methods of the Jokhang Temple. Long Dan's contact with the secret method of the Jokhang Temple was even more eye-opening.
Buddhism founded by Shakyamuni has spread to the snowy plateau for more than 1,300 years. In the long course of history, Buddhism has risen and fallen several times in the snowy region, and gradually formed a Buddhism with unique characteristics of the snowy region, which is called snowy Buddhism by today's people. Snowy Buddhism has a vast number of texts, mysterious practice methods, and its good men and women are all over the snowy plateau and grassland desert, as well as South Asia, Europe and the United States.
Buddhism is divided into Mahayana and Hinayana Buddhism, and Snow Buddhism belongs to the Mahayana category. Mahayana has a distinction between sutra and tantra. Sutra is the Dharma that Shakyamuni gave a public lecture on that year; Tantra, on the other hand, refers to the Dharma that Shakyamuni incarnated as Vajrayogini privately preached to his followers.
Snowy Buddhist Tantra was first spread in India, and then developed in the snowy region, and now known as Snowy Tantra, Buddhist Tantra is famous at home and abroad, and has attracted the attention of the world. Books and articles on Tantra are also popular.
Tantra, the full name of Tantra Vajrayana, also known as Tantra. The teachings and methods of Tantra have been passed down from generation to generation by masters and disciples in private and practiced in retreat. According to the Tantric texts, the sutra tantra also belongs to the Mahayana category. Although the ultimate goal of the two teachings is the same, that is, to seek the attainment of Buddhahood, the methods of seeking enlightenment are very different. The sutra monks of the Sutra have spent decades or even a lifetime of penance in cultivating the teachings of the Buddha, and it takes the merits of many lifetimes to reach the highest state of the Dharma, but the tantric practitioners can reach the Buddha realm and achieve the Buddhahood by working hard for a lifetime. In other words, the tantric path is a shortcut to the Buddhahood in the shortest possible time without having to go through dozens of reincarnations. Tantra has four special methods that are superior to sutras: first, new disciples receive empowerment first, become familiar with the practice of a qiē Buddha-figure, recite mantras, etc.; Secondly, according to the disciple's physical and mental roots, he can practice different levels of tantra without difficulty. Finally, believers with sharp roots are destined to practice Mahayana Tantra. That's why tantric texts often refer to tantric practice as "a method of convenience and no difficulty."
In tantric rituals, new initiation disciples must first receive initiation ritual empowerments. Empowerments are basically divided into four categories: vases, secrets, wisdom, and semantic empowerments. Among them, the vase empowerment includes 14 types of empowerments, the most common ones are bottle of water, Buddha crown, vajra, bell empowerment and so on. So what exactly does empowerment mean? The Tantric texts say that empowerment is the meaning of dispelling and infusing it. With the merits he possesses, the Guru bestows on the disciples things such as water and crowns, dispels and cleanses the dirt of the disciples, purifies and purifies the body and mind, that is, the body, mouth, and mind, and imbues them with wisdom. The sadhana that makes it a person who has a mature mind and body to practice tantric dharma is called an empowerment. The initiation sadhana should not be a random creation of a teacher, but it is true and correct, and must be in full compliance with the Tantric scriptures. Only those who receive the empowerment have the right to hear, speak, and practice the tantric teachings, so that their sins will remain silent forever, and their bodies and minds will be planted and practiced the tantric path.
Without conferring an empowerment, tantric practice is a major taboo in tantra. Even if a practitioner is well versed in a qiē tantric scripture, if he or she is not given an empowerment, no matter how much he or she practices, he or she will not be able to attain special attainments. Even if they achieve even a few small achievements, they will fall into sin. This is a basic principle of Tantra.
In tantric teachings, tantra is classified into different levels, some of which are divided into six divisions, and some of which are divided into seven divisions (the tantric texts are called six continuations and seven continuations). The most prevalent and common classification is the four divisions: the ministry department, the line department, the yoga department, and the supreme yoga department. In this classification, the ministry and the executive department are relatively low-level. The Yoga Department is the highest level, and the Supreme Yoga Department is the highest level. This classification is mainly based on the different initiations given by each ministry, the different Buddha-figures practiced, and the different achievements obtained.
Long Dan browsed a large number of tantric texts, and asked the Great Lama Jibu for advice if he didn't understand something. Grand Lama Jibu also regarded Long Dan as his own and taught all the teachings he had mastered to Long Dan. In the more than a month of study in the Jokhang Temple, Long Dan has practiced more sophistication, and the function of the eye of the sky has brought the point of observing the details. As long as Long Dan has enough eyesight to see in other people's bodies, even if there is a strand of hair, he can see clearly. This made Long Dan overjoyed, so he decided not to be nostalgic for the snowy region anymore, bid farewell to the Great Lama Jibu, and rushed to Meicheng in the south of the Yangtze River.