Chapter XIV Agreements
In mid-August 1919, all the intervention forces withdrew from the Russian Far East, with the exception of the Czech Corps remaining in Russia, while Chinese troops took over all Allied-controlled areas. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info
During this period, there were four large-scale clashes between the Chinese and Japanese armies.
The Japanese, of course, were very unhappy to leave, they had spent countless military dollars and had not received much benefit, how could they be willing? However, with the support of the iron-blooded President Duan Qirui, the expeditionary force that had just returned from Europe showed no mercy, using cannons and bayonets to teach Japan how to respect the elite of the army that had experienced Europe!
There was a strong navy in the air, but on land the Japanese did not take advantage of it at all.
Japan, which has suffered several losses, jumped up and down, but did not get the slightest support -- at the critical point when the Chinese were about to send troops, no one would make themselves unhappy.
On August 28, 1919, the Soviet envoy secretly arrived in Beijing.
The Soviets, who had finally learned the relevant news, were shocked and immediately sent a plenipotentiary envoy in the hope of reaching an agreement with the Chinese. After a comprehensive analysis of the strength of the Chinese army and the war potential, they were even willing to return Outer Mongolia to China in exchange for the Chinese to abandon the war!
Don't doubt Lenin's courage, he did a lot of it!
But to the disappointment of the Soviets, they had already gotten John? Duan Qirui, who was warned by Huntelaar, flatly rejected the Russians' compromise, and on September 1, 1919, the order was issued that China launched a large-scale attack on Russia - 200,000 troops in full force!
No negotiations, no compromises!
Although the weapons were returned to China with the expeditionary force, the reparations and aid of 2.1 billion marks and 50 million pounds sterling had not yet arrived, and China could not afford to lose this huge amount of money. Moreover, Duan Qirui also knows very well that in the next twenty years, Asia will still be the Asia of Britain and France, and it is impossible for the Chinese to take their money and not do anything.
Not to mention......
For the Chinese, they need this war!
From 1840 to 1919, China had experienced 80 years of humiliation, and the Russians had brought countless hardships to China. At this God-given time, the Russians were weakened by World War I, civil strife and intervention, and the Chinese were at their strongest moment in eighty years, also with the help of World War I and foreign support, and the leaders with a little vision knew that this war was inevitable!
So as soon as the agreement was reached in Paris, the Chinese government began to aid the "white army".
Of course, the Chinese themselves are poor and have no reason to be a living Lei Feng, so all aid is provided by the Entente. Moreover, in the second half of 1919, it was the most critical moment for Kolchak and other White armies, and Kolchak, who had just suffered a crushing defeat at the Belaya River, had originally arrived in Tobolsk, but would suffer another defeat, and then decided to go to the Far East to join the Japanese. But with the arrival of the Chinese, Kolchak seems to have found the last ray of hope!
Without hesitation, Kolchak took out his hole card - hundreds of tons of gold, the last tsarist gold in history!
The temptation of this huge tsarist gold was too great, and the Chinese immediately formed an alliance with Kolchak, and immediately said that everything Kolchak needed could be traded!
What the Chinese have can be sold, and what the Chinese do not have can be sold!
In addition to the assistance provided by the Entente, the Huntelaar consortium could guarantee that Kolchak would get everything he wanted. And with the tacit consent of Britain, France, the United States, and other countries, the Huntelaar consortium even sold Kolchak a hundred tanks - of course, on the premise that they could pay all the money in advance. Immediately, Kolchak, who had received support, took advantage of the bitterly cold weather of winter, miraculously gained a foothold near Tomsk at the end of the year......
In just one month, the Chinese army has recovered all the country!
Do not doubt why the Chinese army is so strong, in 1919, airplanes and tanks were invincible. Because of the obstruction of the Huntelaar consortium, the Russians never had access to the latest technology, and the civil strife prevented them from actually developing and producing these weapons of mass destruction. It was okay to deal with Japan and a small number of British and American troops with rifles and bayonets, but it was simply impossible to deal with a large-scale attack by the Chinese!
What's more, these armies are expeditionary forces that have just returned from Europe!
With sufficient logistical support, these 200,000 people would be enough to flatten Siberia. In fact, Vladivostok and other areas were obtained from the intervention army, the real exchange of fire was in Central Asia, that is, where Kolchak was located, in September and October 1919, the Chinese once again let the world see their strength, but also let Europe see the weakness of the Soviet at this moment, the Red Army fought the White Army fine, but simply unable to cope with the surprise attack of the Chinese army, in just one month the Chinese and Kolchak returned to the Belaya River!
In fact, the main battles were also concentrated in September.
The Chinese army pushed over and crushed the outdated Soviet Red Army, and then after entering October, there were hardly any more major battles, basically the Chinese slowly advanced, and then stopped and waited for logistical supplies. First, the Red Army had to deal with the bloody White Army, which was really unable to deal with the huge Chinese army, and second, as Siberia entered the cold winter, even the Russians themselves could not bear it. The Red Army, short of food and clothing, was not iron-clad and simply incapable of dealing with the enemy in the east.
The Russians could not fight, and the Chinese stopped attacking.
In fact, two months have allowed the Chinese to achieve their goal. Under several promptings from the Huntelaar consortium, Duan Qirui restrained the Chinese army on the Eastern Front and stopped on a historical dividing line - the demarcation line stipulated in the Treaty of Nebuchu signed by the Qing Dynasty that year. In other words, more than one million square kilometers of land such as Vladivostok were recovered. And on the Western Front, the Chinese troops crossed this line, but the main action was to cooperate with Kolchak's army and regain the territory that had just been lost in front of them!
It's not that Duan Qirui doesn't want to occupy more, but he can't!
It is appropriate to regain the land taken away by the Russians, and Britain, France, and the United States also support it, but if you want to take more, not to mention that the Russians will go crazy, I am afraid that Britain, France, and the United States will also be unhappy. Now China's strength is like that, and it must understand its own positioning.
So after reclaiming all the land, the Chinese army slowed down.
In total, only 200,000 troops, instead of 800,000, participated in the battle, and in the face of the Soviet Red Army, which was at an absolute disadvantage in equipment, the quality of the Chinese army also had an advantage, and there was no need to waste too much manpower at all.
No matter how much the Entente urged them to move on, the Chinese stalled on the grounds that winter was coming.
Under Duan Qirui's iron-fisted orders, the Chinese army drove all the Russians out of these lands and handed them over to Kolchak and other White troops, as the Russians had done before. And despite the strong opposition of Kolchak and others, the Chinese confiscated the wealth they could not move away from for various reasons, including all the houses!
Then under the orders of Beijing, the Chinese army began to build military fortifications in a frenzy!
On the lands they had already captured, the Chinese began to build fortifications on a large scale to defend against possible future attacks. In Central Asia, where Kolchak is located, the Chinese consciously position themselves to cooperate, but they also began to build fortresses on the border between the two countries.
In addition to the construction of the project, on October 19, 1919, the Chinese government issued an immigration notice. They first announced the resumption of all the land taken by the Russians, including Outer Mongolia and Vladivostok, and then announced the conscription of the whole country to emigrate to the north, and those who were willing to go were allocated a house to each family, and at the same time each person was given a hundred acres of land!
As soon as the announcement came out, the whole country was boiling!
For thousands of years, the Chinese's desire for land is unimaginable to anyone, and the allure of a hundred acres of land per person is too great. While large amounts of land were still in the hands of the landlords, acquiring land in Mongolia and further north became the only option for many peasants. So when the Chinese government said it would encourage immigrants and subsidize 50 oceans for each person in the first year, countless people were finally moved.
Within a month, 200,000 households signed up!
Of course, they can't leave right away, after all, winter has arrived, but with the full organization of the government, they have already begun to prepare for next April......
In the midst of the war in Siberia, 1920 came.
The Red Army's arduous fighting continued, and there seemed to be no end in sight. In the original history, the opponents of the Red Army were only the white armies at home, and the so-called intervention armies were basically concentrated in the Siberian region, and they were not worth mentioning at all, except for the Czech Legion and the Japanese. But in this world, the birth of China has finally caused them great trouble - hundreds of thousands of war-tested troops, the best weapons and ample supplies have made the Chinese army look so invincible in front of the Red Army!
The Soviet power, which had not yet been stabilized, was immediately in turmoil.
The nascent regime had not yet been supported by everyone, and in order to recruit more Red Army troops to fight the Chinese army, the Soviets even carried out a policy of occupancy communism that was even harsher than in history! These harsh wartime communist policies aroused discontent among the peasants, and there was a great deal of uncooperative action such as reluctance to grow grain or as little grain as possible, and deliberate reduction of arable land, and Soviet agriculture shrank sharply, with total grain production in 1920 at least half compared to the pre-war period, and cotton production only 6% of the pre-war level. The result was a great famine in 1921 that affected 17 provinces of the Soviet Union, with millions dying of starvation and many more perpetuating.
Because of the war with the Chinese, the struggle within the Soviets also became fierce.
Lenin and his followers wanted to compromise with the Chinese, even if they gave more land, to end the damned war as soon as possible, and then to concentrate on solving domestic problems and putting Soviet power firmly on its feet. But the other part of the people has never been able to accept a compromise with the "Qing people", and they cannot understand why the long pigtails who could be bullied casually in the past can force Russia to this point this time!
And......
In their opinion, the Chinese are destined not to hold out for too long - the great Russia is now close to collapse, how long can the Chinese hold out to maintain such a large army? The cold of Siberia, can the Chinese withstand it?
In fact, life for the Chinese is indeed not so easy!
Even if the Entente did not have the slightest intention of repaying their debts and made it clear that they would pay 50 million pounds in military aid this year, they would have to rely on themselves until the Germans came up with the first reparations! 200,000 well-equipped troops fought bloody battles on the front line, and in addition to the weapons and ammunition supported by the Entente, they also needed a lot of other supplies, such as food, such as cotton clothes to cope with the cold Siberian air, etc., and the consumption of each day was a huge number!
In the first month of the war, China's military spending exceeded 100 million oceans!
And in the months that followed, the Chinese army would have to face an attack by the Red Army, build fortifications on its own land, survive a long winter, and prepare for the great migration next April, all of which would require huge inputs. This is precisely the reason why Britain, France, the United States, and other countries are unwilling to really make up their minds to intervene in the Russian Revolution -- the investment is so great that they really do not have the strength to do so when they have just ended the war.
The Chinese government, which has been poor and weak for a long time, will not be able to support it sooner or later.
However, just when Britain and France and other countries watched coldly, and the Russians secretly looked forward to it, on November 1, 1919, the Chinese government signed an agreement with the Huntelaar consortium of the United States!
As soon as the content of the agreement was released, it immediately caused a sensation in the world!