"In fact, the problem of precision foundries is also the problem of Xiucheng and even the vast majority of local state-owned enterprises in China. That is, they are just 'factories', not enterprises. ”

Zhou Shuo looked around and simply sat down on the road. And He Xi and Zhao Peide, like elementary school students listening to the class, naturally and intently squatted opposite him.

"Factories are the thinking of the era of the planned economy, and naturally they cannot adapt to the rules of the market economy, so it is not surprising that there are general operating difficulties. You see, many township enterprises in the south can make money and develop and grow, so what is the difference between these enterprises in our northeast? ”

"No, if you want me to say that they are all Chinese, with one mouth and one pair of eyes. Why can people make money, but our state-owned enterprises will collapse and go bankrupt in batches? It's not a human problem, it's a system problem. Modern enterprises do not produce products, the market economy is a commodity-based economy, and products want to become commodities, which requires a process. And our state-owned enterprises are precisely missing this process. The competitiveness is not as good as those small enterprises, not because our products are not good, but because our products are not good. ”

Zhou Shuo looked at the two people opposite, saw them bow their heads and thought deeply, nodded and said.

"Are they more skilled than us, or are the workers better than us? No, if I were to say, the difference was only two points. First, private enterprises do not have heavy burdens, and private enterprises in the south do not have retired workers, so they do not have to worry about workers' welfare expenses, so the cost is naturally a lot less. Even if it is inferior to us in technology, it can completely defeat the state-owned enterprises in terms of cost. ”

The burden of state-owned enterprises is a problem recognized by state-owned enterprises at present, and both of them nodded without any opinion. Watch him say the second point.

"Second, the property rights of state-owned enterprises are not clear, and the government can extract profits at will. And the management will not run the business as if it were their own business. The end result is that the company's profits are drained. And the management bankrupted the company, patted itself on the ass and transferred it elsewhere, or even promoted to make a fortune-"

Zhou Shuo said, and also looked at Wang Tiejun, who was hesitating not far away, and then looked at He Xi, which made him embarrassed. If this kind of thing hadn't happened today, Wang Tiejun might have embarked on this path. In the end, maybe it will be because of open-mindedness, active thinking, and understanding of economics. Take a step or two up.

Of course, these two points were more or less the consensus on the study of the issue of state-owned enterprises at that time. The key here is not to find the problem, but to solve it.

The problems of state-owned enterprises have long been discovered in China, but this process of finding answers has run through the entire early stage of reform and opening up.

Even after 20 years, when the situation of state-owned enterprises has improved, and even when it is called the time when the state advances and the people retreat, these two problems cannot be solved alone.

State-owned enterprises themselves belong to the public nature of the state and the whole people, and there is a conflict between their essence as an enterprise itself in pursuing profits. That's why it's a public service. Profits are not guaranteed. In terms of profitability, public services cannot be guaranteed, and the burden is not just about getting rid of redundant officials and retired workers.

"Therefore, I want to solve the problem of state-owned enterprises from the root. It is important to understand that state-owned enterprises are not as good as private enterprises in the field of perfect competition. Zhou Shuo's eyes were blazing, and he looked at He Xi and said: "How to change the reform of state-owned enterprises." Now it is also crossing the river by feeling the stones, and mistakes are allowed. But whether state-owned enterprises are only disadvantaged. No more advantages? I don't think so, at least state-owned enterprises have one of the biggest advantages. That's the sheer scale. A precision foundry may be worth only a few million, but what is the total value of the state-owned enterprises in Xiucheng? Billions can't stop it, right? ”

"Don't underestimate this advantage of scale!" Zhou Shuo saw He Xi's disapproving look, and said: "Speaking of which, multinational large enterprises like Ford and Toyota will not have a lower burden and bureaucratic process than state-owned enterprises, but why can they be invincible in the international market?" It's that there are economies of scale here. ”

He Xi was a little surprised in his heart, Zhou Shuo's Fanhan Group has always won with technology. But obviously, he is also making up for the shortcomings of management. Hearing what he said like this, he really believed that Zhou Shuo had indeed studied these problems. It is really for the Pan Han Group to grow into such an organization, accumulating his personal ability.

Originally, he was worried about the possibility that the rapid expansion of the Pan Han Group might lead to an unstable foundation and an impetuous atmosphere within the organization. Now that Zhou Shuo himself has a sober and profound understanding of this, he is somewhat relieved.

"Therefore, if state-owned enterprises want to get out of the current predicament, they must first understand the principle that cooperation is beneficial and harmful."

"If you want to do a good job in state-owned enterprises, I think you need to do two things. The first is to expand the scale, encourage the merger between state-owned enterprises, improve their own size and scale advantages through merger, and improve the business functions of modern enterprises. The second is to establish property rights and management rights, and the government cannot use state-owned enterprises as cash machines. After the property rights are clarified, the relationship between managers and enterprises should be regulated. Only in this way can the managers of state-owned enterprises share the same fate with the enterprise......

"What Mr. Zhou said, my old man Zhao understood." Zhao Peide interjected and interrupted Zhou Shuodao: "But these big truths are just big truths after all, I want to ask what we should do about the current situation of our precision foundry?" ”

Zhou Shuo smiled slightly, in the early years of the reform of state-owned enterprises, there was a general move to sell it. Later, after the reform method was explored, in order to avoid the loss of state-owned assets, the practice of selling them out in the mid-90s had already been abandoned.

He confidently said: "In addition to the funds obtained from the sale of land, which will be used to build new factories and introduce new equipment, if the city can merge other enterprises with operating difficulties, Tongguò will be able to get more funds to replace the factory plots." Together, these funds can be used to do big things -- for example, to introduce car production lines. ”

Zhou Shuo's words startled He Xi and got on the car production line? Can anyone get on it? An automobile production line is at least billions, which can top the entire output value of Xiucheng for a year!

"Mr. Zhou, this is a joke, right? Not to mention where we got the money to the production line, even if we got the technology, where did the technology come from? Where does the production license come from? What about talent and system? He Xi smiled bitterly: "Although our embroidery city is the foundation of an industrial city, we have never built a car, not even a truck!" The only one that touches the edge, that is, the Xiucheng Heavy Machinery Factory, can build some cranes, forklifts and construction vehicles. ”

Zhou Shuo hurriedly waved his hand and said, "Mayor He misunderstood, I didn't mean to let us be in place at one time, the conditions are not available now, but you can also come step by step!" For example, if the equipment is updated, I can contact Toyota to see if I can make some accessories for them. If there are other companies in the city that have similar production capacity, I can also help pull some red lines. After we have a little foundation in Xiucheng automobile industry, we can try to do assembly business, develop an automobile industry base within ten years, and then we can introduce Toyota to build a joint venture factory......"

Zhou Shuo has actually been thinking about making some breakthroughs in cars, and the electronic products on the car will be more and more profitable in the future, and it would be a pity if these technologies were cheaper than Toyota. And let's not forget that in addition to the electronics and shipbuilding industries, the automotive industry is also one of the mainstream pillars. If you want to stifle South Korea's development, you have to cut off every leg of it. Korean cars are inferior to German cars in terms of technology, inferior to American cars in terms of reputation, and inferior to Japanese cars in terms of cost.

In fact, this road is also the road that Chinese auto companies have to take, so naturally we can squeeze them to death if we go first.

"It turned out to be a long-term planning ......"

He Xi couldn't say whether he was relieved or disappointed in his heart, although he knew intellectually that it was impossible to eat a fat man in one bite, but he still couldn't help pinning his hopes on Zhou Shuo.

After all, he has also witnessed Zhou Shuo countless times how to create a miracle in the electronics industry. There was even a lithography machine production line, which directly attracted the inspection of the No. 1 chief. Such a golden finger will always make people have more than they can expect.

"I think this is a good way to go." He Xi regained his vitality and nodded: "With the continuous development of the economy of Xiucheng, the land price in the urban area will continue to rise in the future, and it is the general trend for factories to move out of the urban area. In this way, after changing the cage for birds, no matter how strong the alliance is, it is not a way out! ”

Zhou Shuo nodded with a smile, and said to He Xi with deep understanding.

The reform path of state-owned enterprises in the next 20 years has long proved that state-owned enterprises will become bigger and stronger, and the only feasible way to withdraw from perfectly competitive industries is to do so.

"But there is one most important issue, we must choose a suitable operator for the business!" Zhou Shuo pointed out sharply: "At present, the development of state-owned enterprises is obviously in a difficult situation, and it has a lot to do with the operators themselves!" Whether an enterprise is good or bad has no impact on its individual, so how can there be motivation to develop a good enterprise? Therefore, it is necessary to clean up the management and management team and carry out the system of survival of the fittest and accountability! ”

"I agree with this!" He Xi hadn't spoken yet, but Zhao Peide, who was squatting on the side, first raised his eyebrows: "Do you think our precision foundry is it?" After handing over to Wang Tiejun, the factory was originally good, at least it could reimburse some medical expenses and pay pensions to old workers, but now the backbone of the business has been laid off, and it is not the connivance of the system? ”

Zhao Peide said this, He Xi was a little embarrassed, he nodded and said: "Mr. Zhou's point of mentioning this is right, it is our previous negligence. However, this matter is too much involved, and you need to plan slowly. However, on the side of the precision foundry, it can be done first. (To be continued......)