Chapter 107: Arrival in Baghdad
This gathering of the heads of government of the socialist lineup in Eastern and Southern Europe weakened the social position of Soviet Russia to a certain extent.
The ones who came were all big names, including:
Chairman of the GDR State Council, Erich? Honecker
Romania Communal? Give birth? Party General Secretary Nikolai? Ceausescu
Bulgarian head of state Todor? Zhivkov
General Secretary of Czechoslovakia Miloš? Jacosh
General Secretary of the Hungarian Working People's Party Gross? Carroy
First Secretary of the Party of Labor of Albania Ramiz? Aliya
First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party, Wojciech? Jaruzelsky
Of course, the host country, Chairman of the Presidium of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Milosevic, and Chinese Ambassador Ma Xusheng jointly issued the "Nine-Power Joint Declaration."
The declaration pointed out that all countries have the ability to carry out their own reforms, and no country or international organization may use any excuse to intervene by force in other countries.
China's 500,000 mercenaries are all in place, and they are at the forefront of the handover with NATO.
When any country is attacked, the seven countries except China will not hesitate to send troops to help.
For a time, the entire international community was dumbfounded, and it was unthinkable that such a big change had taken place, and the boss of the socialist country, Soviet Russia, did not participate in it.
At the same time, the purge of spies in every country is vigorously unfolding.
All this qiē has little to do with Wushan, who has long since left Europe.
In fact, there is also a trace of regret. That was Roman Lia Ceausescu, who was quite stubborn.
Come to think of it. Wu Shan is nothing more than a provincial and ministerial-level cadre, and he is the head of state.
If it weren't for the mercenaries sent by China. He was not qualified to be an equal to this man.
Sometimes, Wushan also wonders why these dictators like to control a qiē.
I wanted to help him, but in another time and space, the great changes in Eastern Europe, every country entered the household and made a smooth transition, only Romania, Ceausescu and his wife were shot.
What's even funnier is that after they're dead. The new Romanian government immediately enacted a law abolishing the death penalty.
I didn't want Ceausescu to repeat the same mistakes, I didn't think that he didn't even want to listen to the words, saying that he was in control, and Wushan was not easy to say deeply, after all, his identity was a little embarrassing.
From the sea through the Mediterranean into Syria and from the Syrian-Iraqi border to Iraq.
The summer in the two river basins is hotter than in Chinese mainland, even exceeding the long yellow sands of Victoria Province.
During World War I, Palestine became a British mandate.
The British divided it into two parts: that is, Palestine was divided into east and west with the Jordan River as the boundary. In the east, it is called Transjordan, now the Kingdom of Jordan, and in the west, it is still called Palestine, which is now Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip.
After that, Jews from all over the world began to move to Palestine.
During the influx of Jews into Palestine, there were many bloody clashes between Jews and local Palestinian Arabs.
November 1947. United Nations Resolution 181 of the United Nations on the Partition of Palestine.
The resolution provides for the establishment of a Jewish and Arab State on 27,000 square kilometres of Palestinian territory, and the internationalization of Jerusalem.
May 14, 1948. The State of Israel was proclaimed.
The resolution was strongly opposed by the Palestinians as well as the Arab side because of its extremely unfair division of land.
The total number of votes cast by the Arab States was only six. There is no way to get it back.
The Arabs opposed the resolution and did not establish an Arab state. As a result, there were 5 Arab-Israeli wars.
In fact, however, the Palestinian region is the common homeland of two peoples, the Arabs and the Jews.
It is home to the three major religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, as well as the splendid civilization with the longest history of mankind.
The Jews, who had suffered from the millennia of the Diaspora, were particularly eager for their own national refuge.
The United Nations, with Sam's support, adopted Resolution 181 in November 1947 establishing two states, the Jewish and the Arab.
The Arab-Israeli conflict is intertwined with ethnic, religious and interest contradictions.
The Saudi king once said, "We sympathize with the Jews, but they want to cede territory on our land?" Who persecuted the Jews in history? Muslims? If the Germans had carved out a piece of land in Germany by killing the Jews, why should they harm the interests of the Palestinian people, who had nothing to do with the suffering of the Jews? ”
In addition, there are also wars in the two river basins.
The Iran-Iraq War, also known as the First Persian Gulf War.
Known in Iran as the Iraqi War of Invasion, the Holy War of Resistance, or the Iranian Revolutionary War, the Iraqi side is called Saddam's Qadisiyah, which was an eight-year border war between Iran and Iraq.
The war broke out on 22 September 1980, and on 23 July 1987 and 18 July 1988, Iraq and Iran each accepted the United Nations ceasefire resolution, but the two sides did not formally cease fighting until 20 August 1988.
In addition to conventional warfare, Iraq and Iran both suffered severe losses in the war, and in the course of the war, they adopted methods such as city raids, ship raids, and attacks on oil fields to destroy the enemy's logistics and economic facilities.
Iraq has also used chemical weapons against Iranian troops and civilians.
As developing countries with relatively developed military strength, the two countries used relatively advanced weapons at that time, such as Soviet-style MiG-25 fighters, Sam-type F-14 fighters, and French-style Exocet missiles, in the war.
However, there are still many differences in the form of this war compared with the war led by the developed countries.
For example, in warfare, there are few long-distance assault operations of cluster tanks, but trench warfare and crowd attacks in World War I are quite common.
There have even been scenes of unarmed civilians charging en masse and stepping on landmines, supported by fanatical religious beliefs.
This is partly related to the fact that soldiers enlist in the army under emergency conscription, lack of training in operating modern equipment, improper command of leaders, and insufficient spare parts for weapons and equipment, making it difficult to repair and maintain them.
On the other hand, though. New tactics of hitting helicopters with helicopters and small boats with anti-aircraft missiles also emerged during the war.
The extensive use of advanced anti-ship missiles and surface-to-surface missiles by both sides in ship raids and city raids has also revealed the importance of war mobilization in modern warfare.
The population of Iran is mainly made up of Persians. Iraq and most Arab countries are Arab majority.
The peoples of the two nationalities have had many large and small conflicts in history, and have accumulated a lot of old feuds. The two ethnic groups are minorities in each other's countries. Interests are not adequately protected.
The western province of Khuzestan is the main gathering area of Arabs in Iran.
Historically, the province was part of the Ottoman Empire's Iraqi province. The Arabs in the region have also rebelled against Iranian rule on several occasions in pursuit of national independence.
The region is also a major oil and grain producer of Iran and has a strategically important position.
In addition, Iran and Iraq both have Kurds as ethnic minorities, and both countries support the other's Kurdish independence in order to divide the country.
After the Islamic Revolution in Iran, many of the best officers who had previously sworn allegiance to the royal family were purged, and the overall quality of the army declined significantly.
The internal purge of the army and the lack of American-made equipment and parts have greatly affected Iran's once powerful military.
And the de-Westernization of the Islamic Revolution has also made the Western world unfavorable to the emerging Iranian regime.
In 1975, the two countries signed the Algiers Agreement to resolve the dispute between the two countries. Iran agreed to stop supporting the Kurdish rebels in Iraq.
Iraq, for its part, agreed to designate the 102-kilometre centre line of the southern Arabian River as the water boundary between the two countries.
After Ruhollah Khomeini came to power in Iran in February 1979, relations between Iran and Iran deteriorated, and border clashes continued to occur.
On 17 September 1980, Iraq announced that it was denunciating the Algiers Agreement and regaining sovereignty over the Shatt al-Arab. On the 22nd, troops were dispatched to Iran, leading to the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq War.
For his part, Saddam Hussein has not been in power for long and is trying to bring Iraq to regional hegemony.
Capture of the lower Shatt al-Arab and then the unstable Iranian regime could make Iraq the hegemon of the Gulf region and control the oil trade.
Iraq, which has many historical contradictions with Iran, has taken advantage of Iran's political turmoil since Ayatollah Khomeini came to power. The economy deteriorated, the military was unstable, and the time to break off diplomatic relations with Sam was to choose the province of Khuzestan, which has a large number of Arab residents and has an important economic position. It launched a war against Iran aimed at recovering lost territory, striking at Khomeini's export revolution, and competing for hegemony in the Gulf.
Saddam Hussein was an out-and-out warlike and a dictator, no less than Ceausescu.
In another plane. In August 1990, Iraq launched a war of aggression against Kuwait. The intention was to turn Kuwait into the nineteenth province of Iraq.
Five months later, Sam launched a war against Iraq. Not only did Iraq spit out Kuwait that it had eaten, but its own strength was also greatly damaged.
During the war in Kuwait, the war of aggression launched by Iraq brought untold suffering to the Kuwaiti people.
Sam's intervention brought Kuwait's sovereignty and territory back to integrity, shattered Saddam's so-called Babylonian dream, and dealt a heavy blow to the Iraqi dictatorship headed by Saddam!
After more than a decade of international sanctions, Sam launched a second war against Iraq, completely eliminating the Saddam regime in Iraq.
For the character of Saddam, Wushan has very complicated feelings.
This is a tragic figure who seeks to dominate the Central Asian world.
It is a pity that modern warfare is simply not something that Iraq, which has a weak military force, can afford to fight.
Bush's Operation Desert Storm knocked Saddam Hussein's arrogance down.
Since then, a series of international blockades have set Iraq's economy back.
Today, Iraq is still firmly at odds with Soviet Russia, hating Sam to the core, and its relations with China can only be described as mediocre.
Looking at the lights of Baghdad at night, Wu Shan was also a little apprehensive, not knowing whether he could save the fate of the country and even the Middle East. (To be continued......)