The mud bodhisattva still has three points of blood, not to mention Liu Shangqing, who is responsible for defending the land? According to the principle of separating the military from the government, it was he, the governor of Jilin Province, and not the overseer of the army, Bao Guiqing, who was fully responsible for the administration.

Zhang Zuolin's pursuit of autonomy in the Northeast is not to let the younger brothers learn from each other. This slogan allows him to enjoy full management of the Northeast without being constrained by the central government, and this is a strategy that his thinkers approve of. But the degree of autonomy and expansion to the same scattered extent as several provinces in later generations, hehe, even Zhang Hanqing himself did not approve.

Dealing with the national issue is originally a process of study. The United States and the former Soviet Union represent two very different strategies for how to deal with people with diverse cultural traditions. The United States can be called a "melting pot", and the former Soviet Union can be called a "system of regional ethnic autonomy". At the beginning of the founding of the country, both systems contributed to the national unity of their respective countries, but with the development of the times, the advantages and disadvantages gradually diverged.

The "melting pot" strategy of the United States is characterized by the fact that, at the political level, the state treats individuals of all ethnic groups equally, completely ignoring the differences between ethnic groups, and grants absolutely the same political rights to everyone. Its significance lies in the construction of a unified and homogeneous republic based on the conscious identity of the people in the most dangerous areas; On the other hand, pluralism and richness are maintained in the cultural and social spheres.

For the United States, a new heterogeneous ethnic group is free to maintain its own individuality. But for it to integrate into the country, it must learn and embrace this political culture as an individual. And once it does that, it can integrate into the "melting pot" in a way that has its own personality and live in harmony with other ethnic groups.

The Soviet-style system of self-government, which originated from the concept of the "nation-state" in modern Europe, gave the "right to national autonomy" the broadest interpretation: that is, any group that considers itself a nation as long as it shares a common cultural identity with each other has the right to self-government in a territory where it has long lived. At the same time, there is the right to decide through a "referendum" whether or not to establish a sovereign and independent state on the territory. It is not difficult to imagine that this right to national self-determination, interpreted to the maximum extent, would not be able to build a unified State in a multi-ethnic situation unless some "tie-ins" were compulsorily given.

Therefore, Hobsbawm, an internationally renowned and highly regarded left-wing master of modern modern history, commented on the ethnic policy of the former Soviet Union: "Carefully create a 'national administrative unit' according to the distribution of ethnic languages in those places that have never constituted a 'national administrative unit' (i.e., 'nation' in the modern sense), or among those who have never considered forming a 'national administrative unit'." ”

Although both are intended to achieve domestic harmony, the former is developed from within and can be called "cultural" integration; The latter, through certain external forces, such as communist beliefs, can be called "civilized" integration. This is the point put forward by the British historian Toynbee in his Historical Studies.

Very insightful. This is because once there is a wind and grass and the external force is not sustained, the external force of "civilization" is obviously not as strong as the internal binding force of "culture". The later dissolution of Yugoslavia, the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, including the collapse of the Soviet Union, all carried the embodiment of this idea. In fact, the situation of many countries and constant wars in modern Europe is also a portrayal of it.

Unfortunately, later generations of China adopted the strategy of the former Soviet Union.

The consequence of the implementation of this national system is to strengthen the ethnic identity of each individual to the greatest extent. As a dedication to the "great harmony of the world", distinguishing ethnic attributes and thus allowing the Han groups in an advantageous position to help some border, poor, and backward ethnic minorities is the good intention of the government after the founding of New China to achieve common development.

But from then on, every Chinese must clearly determine which of these 56 ethnic groups he belongs to, and must write his own ethnic group on each identity registration form. Under the stimulus of this time and again, the sense of ethnic belonging of everyone, especially the individual ethnic minorities, is constantly strengthened.

China's long-term implementation of the ethnic regional system is in fact systematically shaping the political identity of ethnic minority individuals with their ethnic group as the core, which is the most fundamental institutional root cause of the gradual escalation of ethnic contradictions in pre-Chinese society. The serious consequence of this is that national identity is emphasized and national identity is diluted.

Now a small number of ethnic Koreans in the northeast, the Koreans who have reclaimed the wasteland are a shadow. When the central government was strong, it may not have performed well, but when the more powerful Japanese fanned the flames, that idea came to life.

"We want autonomy"... I almost didn't say we were going to stand on our own.

This crooked wind must be stopped! Almost at the same time, Zhang Hanqing became worried about the regional autonomy system that had been in place for decades in later generations. Autonomy, this year, when we talk about this word, is only a clever public opinion trick of warlords who support troops in one place to confront the central government, and it is still far from the independent thinking. However, when self-government in later generations became another expression of the tendency toward national independence, it was impossible not to take precautions.

Liu Shangqing, who is quite aware of the theory of "autonomy" in Northeast China in Zhang Zuolin's circle, absolutely does not tolerate such incidents happening in his jurisdiction. Moreover, during this period, the idea of China's great reunification was on the rise. In the past few years, Mongolia's "autonomy", Hulunbuir's "autonomy", and Tibet's "autonomy" have already caused the Chinese people to lose face, and in this situation, this phenomenon must not be allowed to recur in Huichun.

What's more, these clowns were originally the subjects of China, and they were even more intolerable.

He ordered the Huichun local government, together with the police station and the local police station, to dispatch manpower to forcibly disband the "Yijinhui Beiken Branch" and arrest some of the people who danced the most. With a strong hand, the "petition" team was dispersed, but several leaders took advantage of the chaos to escape.

After that, the Huichun local government issued a proclamation, requiring the Koreans who entered Kyrgyzstan without permission to register within a time limit and cooperate with local officials in governance, otherwise they would be deported.

It's a repeat of the same old story. No one was caught, no perpetrators were punished, and it seemed that the page was about to be turned.

However, Park Chengzheng, the party leader of the Beiken branch of the First Jinhui Association, was unwilling to sit idly by, and he felt that the reason why the Chinese government suddenly and abnormally took toughness against toughness was that his own side was still showing weakness. Almost at the same time as the Chinese government issued an announcement, he arranged for thousands of copies of the "Letter to the Korean Compatriots" to be printed overnight, which read: "Changbai Mountain, my homeland; Tumen River, my old water; Hui Chundi, where my ancestors lived. For decades, the Chinese government has not been different. As the people of Korea, how can we allow Chinese officials to criticize us if we have an example of autonomy? All the people of Korea should be united and bravely resist the illegal jurisdiction of the Chinese government until the Korean people rule Korea! In the text, he also vaguely mentioned that "if there is any discord, draw the attention of the Governor's Office to the Governor's Palace." ”

The Governor-General's Office mentioned is not the Patrol Embassy of the Three Eastern Provinces, but the Korean Governor's Office and the Japanese High Command in Korea. He thought that by virtue of this remark, the Chinese government would definitely weigh it when dealing with this matter.

This is typical bandit logic! Because you have earned a living here, and have lived here illegally for generations, you can forget that you are the owner of this place! To put it this way, the illegal stay of immigrants and illegally renovated buildings have become legal after a long time!

Is this the origin of the demon moth "Changbai Mountain is Korean"? Zhang Hanqing doesn't know, but this demonic wind must not last! The Chinese can give them a basic right to live because of mercy, but they must not tolerate their revenge and occupy the magpie's nest! As long as he does not admit that he is a part of the Chinese nation, the Chinese government will not agree with them to pick up a bowl to eat, drop their chopsticks and scold their mother!

No, the day after the mass incident occurred in Huichun, when Zhang Hanqing, who was also the special envoy of the three eastern provinces, the commander of the Middle East Road Road Protection Army, and the director of the appeasement of the Jilin Frontier Office, came to Huichun, Park Seung-jeong's plan was carried out second-hand. Mayor Huichun is small, if they can force the young marshal to show weakness in person, that is their biggest gain in this matter.

For thousands of years, maintaining stability has been the only way for local governments to keep their black hats, and this is also true for future generations. See what ability this young marshal who came in a hurry to solve the problem of the border people who have plagued the two dynasties for many years? If you don't get it right, you'll make a big mess! He is a young sprout, does he have the courage to bear it?

However, to their surprise, Zhang Hanqing promulgated his own measures that afternoon. In the form of an official document, he directly ordered the county and township governments under his jurisdiction to copy and post the leaflet on the streets and alleys, and asked the various guarantees to convey it to every household.

"All border residents of the Republic of China, regardless of occupation, rich or poor, ethnicity, men and women, are required to fill out a 'citizen registration form' at the local police station, and obtain a certificate of identity for working and living in Northeast China. Those who do not have such proof are regarded as illegal persons, and the government will not guarantee them.

Foreigners who have legally cultivated land in China are required to register with local police stations and voluntarily pay land taxes, so that the government will protect their lawful private property and the land they have cultivated. Anyone who has lived in China for more than 10 years and who supports the government leadership and applies to the government can be issued a 'green card', which is treated the same as that of Chinese citizens and allows them to live and work in China, except that they are not allowed to elect or serve in the military. If their children born in China wish to become citizens of the Republic of China, they must renounce their nationality of another country.

In order to ensure local tranquility, the autonomous government does not allow non-citizens and people without 'green cards' to roam in the three eastern provinces. Once discovered, they will be deprived of all their property and confiscated and repatriated according to their original nationality. Those who do not have a host country are regarded as refugees and must be resettled by the Chinese government.

As for those who are guilty of crimes and cholera in the streets, once discovered, they will be severely punished as gangsters. From now on, Huichun entered a state of emergency, and the garrison army and police imposed martial law according to the order. With the exception of a curfew, all borders except for crossings are closed to nationals, and violators can be treated as spies and killed on the spot. All illegal organizations will be banned, and their members must turn themselves in at their police stations and police stations from now on, otherwise they will be severely cracked down on by the autonomous government.

This order shall be interpreted by the Jilin Frontier Office. ”