Chapter 366: Feng Department's Initial Growth (II)
In order to solve the chaotic situation of administrative planning in Northeast China, Zhang Hanqing suggested that the division of larger provinces in the early Republic of China should be abolished, and it should be changed to smaller prefectures and cities, and become a three-level system of provinces, cities (prefectures) and counties familiar to later generations. In the past, there were only four roads in Jilin (for the four-way sub-patrol road set up since 1908), and there were only three roads in Hei Province (Longjiang, Suilan, Heihe, and later Hulun Road), and the "special area of the Eastern Province" that actually existed in the annex of the Middle East Road has always been a forbidden area outside the administrative jurisdiction, and the administrative setting is extremely unreasonable.
When Heilongjiang becomes a safe place, it is necessary to set up a larger provincial-level area. As a result, the entire territory of the North Manchurian Line of the Middle East Road was merged with the original Heilongjiang region, and was divided from Jilin into 18 counties under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang: Binjiang Road and Yilan Road, forming the new Heilongjiang Province.
Originally, Qiqihar was the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, but after the construction of the North Manchurian Railway in Russia, Harbin's geographical advantages soon became apparent. Because Kazakhstan is located at the node from Changchun to Harbin and Manchuria to Suifenhe, the geographical location is very important, and it is a relatively wealthy city, so Zhang Hanqing moved the main military and political office of Heilongjiang from Qiqihar to Harbin when he suppressed bandits, and finally replaced Qiqihar to become the new provincial capital of Hei Province, which is also the fourth provincial capital of Hei Province.
Harbin is brightly lit at night, and the largest soybean trading market in the Far East, the Northeast grain distribution base, and an important trade center in northern China have been built here, and Harbin, which is a small water port, has become the largest city in the Far East. After the revolution in Russia, many old Russian aristocrats who were dissatisfied with the Soviet regime emigrated to China with their families. Because of this factor, Zhang Hanqing decided to give full play to Harbin's unique role and attract foreign investment. Within a month of the start of the New Deal, he enacted several bills in one go, greatly improving the problem of insufficient funding.
The province of Mukden and the provincial capital also changed their names. The original Fengtian City, originally called Shenyang, Houjin in 1625 when the capital moved here changed its name to Shengjing, take the meaning of "Fengtian carrier". The Qing Dynasty is gone, and it's time for this easily conjured place name to return.
Because Zhang Zuolin now has to consider the influence: with the expansion of his power, the central government cannot help but listen to his words. After Zhang Xun's restoration, Yang Du, who was once known as the head of the "Twelve Sinners of the Restoration", once found Zhang Hanqing and asked him to come forward to protect him. Out of his hobby for Yang Du's "imperial art", Zhang Hanqing also suggested that Zhang Zuolin launch an influence and ask for amnesty from the central government. After fulfilling his wishes, Yang Du stayed in Fengtian and became one of Zhang Zuolin's staff. Therefore, public opinion is rife that Zhang Zuolin has ambitions to build the "Great Liao Empire". In this regard, Zhang Zuolin said: "The trend of the world cannot but take a look, the current trend of world politics, is it still allowed to change from a republic to a monarch? To say that I want to restore, that's a newspaper fart. "Changing the name is a political attitude.
After thinking about it for a long time, Zhang Hanqing suggested that Fengtian Province be renamed Liaoning, which means "Liaodi Tranquility", which is the beginning of the name of Liaoning Province.
All this means that Zhang Zuolin, a strongman outside the Guan, has the opinion of "surrendering" to the central government, which was quickly approved by the government. However, the collective term "Feng" as a group cannot be erased from people's consciousness in any way.
Accordingly, Zhang Zuolin set up provincial municipalities in the three provinces centered on important cities (military, economic, and transportation) to ensure that the city level had better access to highways in advance, and then spread it to the county level layer by layer, creating a dense highway network. If you want to get rich, you must first build roads, and this common sense will never go out of style. As long as the transportation problems restricting the northeast are solved, there are huge energy reserves, abundant population, and vast land, and there is absolutely no problem for industry to take off, and the economy will naturally come up.
Zhang Hanqing's ideas on reforming the Northeast made Zhang Zuolin's aides sigh that these novel ideas were so clear, so feasible and so powerful. Whether it is the old faction headed by Wu Junsheng, Zhang Zuoxiang, Yu Zhen, and Zhang Jinghui, or the new faction headed by Guo Songling, Jiang Dengxuan, Wang Yizhe, and others, or the powerful faction headed by Sun Liechen and Ji Jinchun, veteran ministers of the two dynasties, after seeing the de facto changes in cohesion and combat effectiveness brought about by the new military reform, they naturally wholeheartedly support it. However, after the separation of the military and the government and the separation of the military and the police, the officers no longer have the possibility of bringing strength by grabbing land and looting the people's wealth, and the only thing that can bring them the opportunity is to bring the soldiers and military exploits in their hands, and they do not have much objection to Zhang Hanqing's methods that can improve the army's management level and combat effectiveness.
In fact, Fengjun is Zhang Zuolin's private property, and no matter how much he tosses, there will not be many people who oppose it, which is a common problem of warlords in that era. For Zhang Hanqing, his busy work does not have the energy to deal with the possible opposition, and this situation is the best.
Around the People's Party headed by Zhang Hanqing, a group of capable figures during the Republic of China period gradually gathered.
Wang Yongjiang, Mo Dehui, Pan Fu, Liu Shangqing, Zhang Zhenvul, Wang Shuhan and others, who were familiar with finance, were all making suggestions for Zhang Hanqing's plan for the reform of Northeast China. Due to the long-standing poverty, the development of the national economy appears to be extremely rapid, and the financial situation of Northeast China has continued to grow.
Nowadays, Zhang Hanqing's strategic decision-making within the Feng Department mainly relies on the influence of the three giants of the Feng Department, and with his identity and long-term correct and keen insight, as well as his heartfelt respect for the old marshals, he can basically get the first pleading. In order to provide favorable time for the development of the Feng department, Zhang Hanqing actively influenced the leaders headed by Zhang Zuolin, Zhang Zuoxiang, and Sun Liechen, and proposed to "base ourselves on the Guannei, develop the economy, maintain obscurity, and do nothing." "Trying to get out of the warlords in the Kannai war, it has been strongly endorsed by all senior military and political leaders.
In fact, as early as May 26, 1918, Zhang Zuolin and Sun Liechen jointly announced: "From the beginning of May, all political affairs in the three eastern provinces and the people of the three eastern provinces will make their own opinions; and to take concerted action with the provinces of the southwest and the Yangtze River; Uphold the law, foster self-government, eradicate violence, and promote reunification. This declaration basically ensured that the war between the north and south of China lasted for two years, and the economy was able to make a great leap forward, and the political and popular forces were also cohesive. From this series of operations at home and abroad, we can vaguely see the ambition of the young marshal, as well as the rudiments of governance and army building.
The people who served as high-ranking officials in Fengjun were either old bureaucrats in Beiyang or old bandits who occupied the mountains and became kings with Zhang Zuolin. Most of these people have not achieved enough things and have more than enough failures. Due to the lack of talents of generals who can take charge of themselves, and few people have a sense of the overall situation, they cannot complete the replacement of the old and the new in the upper echelons of the Fengjun for a while. Objectively speaking, at this time, the combat effectiveness of the Feng army could not be regarded as strong among the warlords of all walks of life, and it could only be ranked behind Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army, the Liangguang Army, and Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army.
However, after land reform and a series of new policy measures, the Northeast Autonomous Government has gradually gained more abundant fiscal revenue, and its life is much better than that of two years ago.