At the end of the Warring States Period, Qin Shi Huang swept away Liuhe, unified the world, and burned all the allusions to the books held privately in the world, which was known as 'book burning' in history.

However, it does not mean that after the Qin Dynasty, there were no books in the whole world.

Before the book burning, the First Emperor Yingzheng ordered that the remaining history books of the Six Kingdoms, as well as 100 classics, be collected and stored in the royal archives.

At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang entered Xianyang Palace one step ahead of Xiang Yu, and was immediately overwhelmed by the luxury and magnificence of Xianyang Palace, drunk and dreaming all day long, indulging in wine.

At this time, only one of Liu Bang's brothers kept a clear head and realized that Liu Bang could not get Xianyang City at all, so he took most of the books in the Qin Imperial Archives and loaded them into a carriage, ready to be transported away at any time.

Sure enough, it didn't take long for Xiang Yu's army to besiege Xianyang, Liu Bang fell from the top of the clouds, and after narrowly avoiding the Hongmen banquet, he crawled out of Xianyang City with a disgraced face.

The books in the Qin Royal Archives were also smoothly moved away by Liu Bang's little brother who didn't know how to enjoy.

The nerd who only knows how to 'steal' bamboo slips, with average appearance, thick eyebrows and big eyes.

His surname is Xiao, and his name is He.

Liu Bang withdrew from Guanzhong, Xiang Yu's army entered Xianyang, burned Xianyang Palace angrily, and the fire continued for three months.

Everyone in the world thought that the last ideological essence of Huaxia was burned by Xiang Yu's fire.

However, Xiao He kept the books he took extremely well, and after the founding of the Han Dynasty, he placed those allusion books and the book fragments taken out of the ruins of Xianyang Palace in the Shiqu Pavilion in Weiyang Palace.

Rao is like this, but the sage ideas and classics of the folk flow have also plummeted due to the double encirclement and suppression of the first emperor + war, and there is no one in ten.

Among the few remaining fragments of the people, the most widely recognized by those in power is Guan Zhong's "Guanzi".

"Guanzi Xiao Kuang" cloud: The four Shinong industrialists and industrialists, the stone people of the country, should not be miscellaneous.

At this time, in the general concept of the people of the world, the classes of the state, as Guan Zi said, were arranged in the order of the four classes of scholars, peasants, craftsmen, and merchants.

Scholars are scholars in the popular sense, but there are not many books left in the world, and the only remaining part is regarded as a family heirloom by the holder, and it is not passed on; Therefore, it is not so much that the 'scholar' class at this time is literati, but rather 'martial arts'.

The old aristocracy withered away in the war, and before the new Haoqiang could grow teeth, they were pulled out by Liu Bang's 'Lingyi' system, and the aristocratic class naturally became a dog slaughterer like Fan Xu.

Peasants, since the Xia Dynasty, have been the blood of the country, the foundation of the regime, in the words of later generations: agriculture is the lifeblood of any feudal regime.

The essence of the craftsman is still inseparable from the category of 'agriculture' - harvest through labor, and at this time, Confucianism is weak, and the phrase 'strange and skillful skills' is extremely weak, so its status is not low.

The reason why the workers are ranked after the farmers is because the things made by the craftsmen need to be sold...

Because of the 'sale' alone, the craftsman inevitably became associated with the 'merchant', and thus ranked second to the farmer, and this alone shows how much the values at this time despised the merchant.

At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the social status of merchants was much lower than that of peasants, and even lower than that of craftsmen who were good at 'strange and skillful skills', and only a little higher than that of the 'Chengdan' who was in the slave class.

At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the world withered, and the Huang Laoxue, who 'ruled by doing nothing', gradually became the first prominent school under the influence of giants such as Xiao He and Cao Shen, and it was also the ruling school.

The old Huang school is not the 'Taoist' who thinks about feathering and ascending immortals all day long in later generations, but a hard-working and down-to-earth doer.

However, due to the erroneous demonstration made by Cao Shen, the governing concept of the Huang Lao school gradually tilted in the direction of doing nothing, and the 'rule by doing nothing' was infinitely magnified, and the officialdom was full of the unhealthy trend of 'I would rather not do it than make a mistake'.

By the time of the Jingdi Dynasty, the revived Legalists were able to fight against the old school of Juniuhuang in the early Han Dynasty under the leadership of the only seedling of Chao Cuo...

In the Wudi Dynasty, after the death of Huang Laoxue's last defender, the Empress Dowager Dou Yifang, Confucianism was completely large, Huang Laoxue gradually declined, and the main idea gradually changed to the direction of 'Zhuang Zhou Mengdie', and finally evolved into Taoism in later generations.

And whether it was the Huang Lao School, which was powerful at this time, or the short-lived Legalists of the Jing Dynasty, and the Confucianism that finally made Emperor Wu depose the hundred schools, they all had great hostility towards merchants!

Although the Huang Lao School looks lazy and only has a sentence on its lips 'If the law does not prohibit it, there is no blame', it is precisely because of this that the merchant class is a heinous group in the eyes of the Huang Lao School!

You must know that 'Huang Lao does nothing', the second half of the sentence is to do everything!

The ideology of the Huang Lao School is destined to follow the rules in everything, but as long as it is within the rules, they will not interfere in the habit of governing.

But as long as someone challenges the rules and violates the law, an official from Huang Lao will suddenly change from the appearance of not eating fireworks in the world to a defender of the law!

This is also the reason why Legalism gradually emerged during the Jingdi Dynasty, but the Huang Lao School did not have much vigilance - in essence, Huang Laoxue and Legalism have basically the same governing philosophy: to maintain the dignity of the law.

It's just that the Legalists' excessively sharp reform genes have made the Huang Lao School, which believes in 'rule by inaction', at a loss, and the Legalists have such a stain as 'Tyranny Qin', which caused Huang Laoxue not to be too friendly to Legalism.

In the view of the Huang Lao School, businessmen have no fixed place to live, and once they go out for a year and a half, it is not conducive to control at all, and seriously violates the ideal society of 'the people do their own business, the pheasants and dogs in the villages smell each other, and the people do not interact with each other until they are old and dead'.

Confucianism also hates businessmen, or rather, Confucianism hates everything that does not conform to its own ideas!

The ideal society of Confucianism is that dragons give birth to dragons, phoenixes give birth to phoenixes, and rat sons can make holes; A nobleman will always be a nobleman, a lord will always be a lord, and a commoner will always be a commoner.

But the nature of the merchant is destined to accumulate wealth much faster than that of the peasant who digs from the soil.

This made Confucianism very unhappy: if all the mud legs threw the land down to do business, then who would plant the old man's field?

No way!

The merchant is a scourge!

Can't stay!

In comparison, the Legalists are much purer: businessmen are all stupid! (Han Feiziyan)

In the eyes of the Legalists, if the merchants do not farm the land, the state will not be able to collect their taxes, which is the destruction of the country's finances!

Businessmen have traveled all over the world and gained knowledge, and they are not as easy to fool as before, which is to increase the difficulty of the state to manage the people!

Of course, the main reason is that businessmen are mercenary, have no benevolence, no fear, and no moral integrity.

In order to make money, businessmen can sell their friends, relatives, and even their country.

Therefore, in the eyes of Legalists who believe in 'enriching the country and strengthening the army', the biggest original sin of businessmen is: there is no country in their hearts.