"Brother Pony, your handwriting is so beautiful!" Hearing Lin Zhi's words, everyone looked up, and Lu Qingcheng shook his hand that caused a little sore from the wood, and praised in his mouth.

"Qingcheng, who taught you to read and write?" Ma Qiang found that everyone looked at his plank without that kind of confused eyes, which showed that everyone here actually knew how to read, which made Ma Qiang really surprised.

This literacy rate is stronger than that of the Republic of China.

"It's Uncle Lin and Uncle Guo, Uncle Father-in-law and Uncle Yang don't know how to read, although my father knows how to read, he usually doesn't teach us, saying that he doesn't know as much as Uncle Lin." Lu Qingcheng explained.

Ma Qiang immediately understood, too, since he knows medical skills, he must be literate, and Lin Huan was an officer before, no matter in any era, officers need to be literate, otherwise the token will not be able to read, let alone carry out military orders.

"This is a simplified font that our sect researches on its own, we call him simplified characters, also called simplified characters, you see, for example, Liu Hui brothers' Liu, the current way of writing is like this." Ma Qiang wrote a traditional character Liu, and he would be such a simple and common traditional character.

"It takes fifteen strokes to write like this, and now we simplify it to only six strokes, so that those who write can write faster and easier, and those who learn it will be simpler."

Ma Qiang explained casually and continued to write down the formula proportions in his memory.

After writing the formula in his memory, Ma Qiang turned around and asked, "Since you know how to read, who learns the best, I start to make things now, and I need someone to record them." ”

"It's Sister Lime who learns the best!" Lin Zhi raised his hand and answered.

Ma Qiang thought about it, everyone else needed to be busy with all kinds of work, and only Lime had to stay at home, and he could only look at writing and writing if he had nothing to do.

"Then Lime, you can help make a record." Ma Qiang asked.

"Paper is too expensive, we don't have it in our village, so let's take animal skins." Lime thought for a moment and said.

Also, there are enough animal skins in this place.

Start making toothpaste! Make the friction agent first!

The friction agent can be calcium carbonate, to be precise, light calcium carbonate, because light calcium carbonate has fine particles and light specific gravity, which is more suitable for toothpaste, and its raw material is lime, which is easy to produce.

Liu Hui's pot has been set up, the pot is a clay pot, and there is no iron pot in this era.

Later generations felt that the iron pot was very cheap, but in ancient times, iron was an extremely precious resource, and the annual output of steel in the Northern Song Dynasty was only 4,000 tons, even if all of them were used to make iron pots, there were only more than one million mouths, so even in the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the grassland, the iron of the iron pot was used to make weapons, and even the number of iron pots flowing into the grassland was controlled by exchanging bad for good.

The heat transfer in the clay pot was very slow, and Ma Qiang waited for the water to boil while calcining the finely ground limestone on Yue Liang's forging furnace.

The main component of limestone is calcium carbonate, which can be turned into carbon dioxide and calcium oxide after calcination.

But this calcination requires more than 1,000 degrees, which is difficult to reach with ordinary flames, and this temperature can already be used to forge iron, so Ma Qiang will ask Yue Liang's iron-striking furnace for the sake of the furnace fire.

The product after calcination is quicklime, Ma Qiang asked Liu Hui to take out the quicklime and put it into a wooden barrel, and then slowly add water, the quicklime and water reaction will be exothermic and chemically react, becoming hydrated lime, that is, calcium hydroxide, and this liquid of hydrated lime and water is called lime milk.

While doing it, Ma Qiang explained to Liu Hui and others why such a change occurred, just like in the laboratory, it doesn't matter if the scientific research dog can understand the big boss, anyway, it's okay to write it down first.

"That's it! The next step is to react the lime water with carbon dioxide, which is the exhaust gas we breathe..... So the easiest way to do this is to find a tube to stick in and exhale into the lime water. Ma Qiang looked at Liu Hui with a wicked smile, looking at this muscle, he is a good hand as a coolie.

In order to seal, the pipe was looking for a wooden pipe, Liu Hui sat on the ground, desperately blowing on the wooden pipe, and the turbid lime water naturally began to bubble.

"Yes, blow it like this, I said stop before I can stop, Brother Guo Jin, are you back? Just now, the water is also boiling, I'll make glycerin, lime trouble record! ”

Lu Qingling nodded curiously, although the calcination of limestone just now was simple, but Ma Qiang could tell why it changed like this, those words that he had never heard made Lu Qingling feel that he had opened the door to a new world.

Guo Jin glanced at Lu Qinglime, his eyes dimmed for a moment, and then began to cooperate with Ma Qiang.

"What we are doing now is glycerin, which is characterized by colorless, odorless, sweet taste, clear viscous liquid appearance, because of the slightly sweet taste, shaped like oil, so it is called glycerin.

In fact, many other products can be obtained while making glycerin, and the main materials of glycerin are oil and alkaline water.

The easiest way to obtain alkaline water is plant ash water, but because there are too many impurities in plant ash, it is only an emergency solution now, and when the conditions are good in the future, I will teach you other methods, now burn the various seed shells collected first, and stir it in water. ”

Ma Qiang still gave orders and didn't do anything, Guo Jin nodded, found another wooden barrel, and began to make preliminary preparations.

When the ashes are poured into hot water, they quickly turn into a pot of black water.

Ma Qiang continued, "The next thing is filtration, whether there is cloth or not, we will filter the residue, only need water." ”

"Do you want to use a cloth?" Lu Qingling thought for a while and said, "Then use my clothes." ”

"How's that going to work?" Guo Jin immediately quit and immediately ran to his house, saying as he ran, "I'll go get my clothes." ”

After a while, Guo Jin took a piece of clothing and came out, and when he saw that the slurry was clean, he knew that this was Guo Jin's very precious clothes.

"Brother Guo, you take this dress out, if your mother knows..."Lu Qingcheng couldn't help but stand up and say when he saw the clothes Guo Jin was taking.

"It's okay, Brother Xiao Ma said, this toothpaste can be sold for a lot of money, right?" Guo Jin looked at Ma Qiang, Ma Qiang smiled, took the clothes and said, "Don't worry, you will definitely be able to sell it for a lot of money!" Guaranteed that you won't be able to wear all the clothes in the future! ”

Wrap the wooden barrel in your clothes and start straining, and after a while, a bucket of filtered grass and wood gray water will be fine.

"The next thing is to put the grease into the ash water of this plant and wood, and continue to stir, Brother Guo Jin, you stir first, and I'll go and see the situation on Brother Liu Hui's side." Ma Qiang asked Guo Jin to make a manual mixer, and then went to see the results of the artificial blower.

Ma Qiang walked to Liu Hui and found that the lime water had a lot of turbid sediment, so he pulled Liu Hui and said, "Okay, it's okay, you see, this sediment is the light calcium carbonate we want to use, collect these sediments, and then dry them slowly, remember not to be too hot, and mash them with a wooden stick after dehydrating, the more broken the better." ”

Liu Hui said that he understood, and the friction agent was completed.