As early as after Wang Ling visited Liu Hong for the first time, Zhang Cang had a brief discussion with Wang Ling about Liu Hong's team at this time.

When it was, the only thing available in Liu Hong's hands was the captain of the Late Northern Army, the squire Qin Mu; and the Confessor's Grievances.

For Qin Mu, Zhang Cang can't find any fault with himself - he was born in a family of generals and officials, and his family has a deep heritage; He once served as a school captain and was born as a martial artist.

The Han Dynasty was established again, and the power of the warrior class was no worse than that of the literati and doctors of later generations; Officials who had no military experience would not have much prospect at all in the early Han Dynasty.

Therefore, just the identity background of a martial artist is enough to win Qin Mu a fairly high impression score - officials in the early Han Dynasty paid attention to the appearance of generals!

And Qin Mu once served as a captain of the Northern Army, and he has already proved his ability to lead troops; The lieutenants of the first department, in the officialdom of the early Han Dynasty, were all defaulted to being able to govern a county.

But Zhang Cang's attitude towards Ji Yan is much more complicated.

The Ji clan has been a eunuch since the Warring States period, and it can be said that they are knowledgeable; But in the final analysis, Ji Wei, who has no military merits, still can't get rid of the label of 'pure literati'.

That is, when Zhou Bo took the acting king into the palace, Ji Xun took a few colleagues who were confessors, and shouted to the acting king without fear, 'The Son of Heaven is here, where does the foot come from'; otherwise, even if the servant of the confessor is more than a thousand stones, Ji Xun will probably not be able to sit steadily.

It's not that Zhang Cang personally has opinions about the literati and doctor class, but the general environment in the early Han Dynasty was like this: those who can lead good soldiers and fight good battles will definitely be able to govern the people; On the other hand, it is 'less reassuring'.

However, for the young man Ji Yan, Wang Ling's evaluation is very high - in ancient times, there was a son of the road to death, and now there is a servant who shoots the road for the son of His Majesty!

Speaking of which, the allusion to Zilu's 'gentleman dies and the crown is inevitable', public opinion at this time is generally despised: the enemy does not think of fighting to the death, only cares about the crown is neat, and the neck is killed?

It's useless!

- The saying that the king will die in danger is that there is no market at this time!

At this time, public opinion respects the warriors who fight to the death and do not retreat, fight to the last soldier, and want to pull the enemy on their backs!

In Zhang Cang's eyes, Zilu's dying act is better than fleeing in battle; There is nothing to be gained except for the preservation of integrity.

Coupled with the trend of 'despising Confucianism' set off by Emperor Liu Bang of Gao, officials at this time were generally very uninterested in Confucianism.

However, Zhang Cang did not despise and dislike Ji Chen, but only slightly examined it - because Ji Chen, like his mentor Wang Ling, was born in Huang Laoxue; And Zhang Cang's overall sense of Confucianism is not contemptible.

Compared with this time, those officials who have no brains to black Confucianism just for the sake of political correctness, as Zhang Cang, who has served as a Qin official, undoubtedly has a deeper understanding of Confucianism and is more objective.

- I really want to say that Zhang Cang studied under Xunzi and belongs to an authentic Confucian background!

However, after hundreds of years of ideological collision in the Warring States Period, the theory of the hundred schools of thought has long been in you and me, and I have you - otherwise, there will be no such thing as 'a hundred schools of thought in the future'.

Let's just say that Xunzi, who was born in Confucianism, taught Li Si and Han Feizi, representatives of Legalism; Zhang Cang, a registered disciple, is also generally considered to have been born as 'Huang Laoxue' in history.

In the Jing Dynasty, the last glory of the Legalists: Chao Cuo, was mixed up as 'Dr. Shangshu'; before Chao Cuo became Emperor Jingdi's internal history, everyone in the world thought that Chao Cuo was a Confucian student!

Zhang Tang of the Wu Emperor Dynasty even played a trick of 'Rupi Law Bone' and 'Spring and Autumn Prison Break'...

Not long after the Warring States Period, Legalism was labeled as 'Dead Qin', and Confucianism was said by Emperor Gao Liu Bang to be 'Gaoyang drunkard' now, it is not clear what school a scholar is from - the ghost knows whether this person is wearing a certain school or not!

"I don't know how talented this son is compared to Jia Sheng?"

Thinking of this, Zhang Cang became a little interested in taking the school examination.

As an old official who has witnessed the change of dynasties and the ups and downs of the world, Zhang Cang's sense of Huang Laoxue is not bad.

At least from the perspective of the times, Huang Laoxue still played a positive role in the economic recovery of the early Han Dynasty.

Zhang Cang is also over the age of sixteen, and he has long passed the naïve age of ignoring the idea and not sparing his head to bleed - in Zhang Cang's eyes, the vast majority of schools are not good or bad.

Can the Huang Lao doctrine, which can make the Han quickly recover from the war, restore the order of economic production in such a short period of time, and let the people live a stable life, a good doctrine?

can make Qin change from the little brother at the beginning of the Warring States period to the overlord at the end of the Warring States Period, and the Legalist who unified the world with one pick, how bad can it be?

In the final analysis, all the sons and hundreds of schools of thought are put together, and the ultimate goal is very different: to build a prosperous world where the world is rich, the country is strong, the people live and work in peace and contentment, and the world is prosperous.

It's just that Legalism wants to do it through the army and the law, Confucianism wants to do it through the squire, and Huang Laoxue wants to rule by doing nothing and rest with the people.

Therefore, in Zhang Cang's eyes, the origin of a young scholar is not important, what is important: whether he has his own opinions on what he has learned before.

Because no matter what school of origin, or whose doctrine is studied, as long as you go through the stage of memorizing and enshrined everything you have learned in the book as the truth, and start thinking, you will eventually tend to one direction: to see the essence through the phenomenon.

Only such a person can expect some of his deeds, instead of being like Ma Fujun and ending up with a 'paper talk' reputation.

Thinking like this, Zhang Cang raised his voice slightly, and said in the direction of the last seat on the left: "Those who have heard for a long time are knowledgeable, and they are talented; When I saw it today, it was really extraordinary. ”

Seeing Zhang Cang suddenly talk about himself, Ji Yi raised his bottle in a little surprise, walked quickly to Zhang Cang, and bowed with respect: "The last school is the last, and I would like to bow to the Marquis of Beiping." ”

Even if Zhang Cang's political status is aside, just the identity of a 'Xunzi disciple' and the age of over seventy are enough to treat each other as a son and nephew - Ji Yan is only thirty this year.

Looking at the masculine face and a slight warmth and elegance in his temperament, Zhang Cang also smiled lightly and raised the bottle and said: "The old man heard, Ji Servant shot the words of Lao Tzu since childhood? ”

Ji Yan hurriedly bowed again: "I don't dare to be cured, I just study occasionally..."

Hearing this, Zhang Cang nodded and chuckled: "Thanks to the old lady Fu and the prince, the old man also knows a little bit about Lao Tzu's words, and occasionally there are some incomprehensions, I don't know if the servant shooting may solve the old man's doubts?" ”

For Zhang Cang, who served as the former Qin imperial history, not to mention today's Xianxue: Huang Lao has learned, and even the long-lost Yang Zhuzhi Xue, Zhang Cang has some understanding.

Asking such a question to Ji Xian, it's not that Zhang Cang really doesn't understand anything, he needs to answer Ji Xian, a little character - if he really has doubts, Zhang Cang should also ask Wang Ling.

Moreover, Huang Laoxue pays attention to ethereal nothingness, and its content is mostly 'only understandable, not spoken', and pays attention to a 'realization'; without 50 years of personal experience, it is impossible to understand it thoroughly.

Compared with those Huang Lao giants who are seventy or eighty years old, Ji Wei, who is less than thirty years old, let alone have an understanding of what he has learned, and it is already remarkable to be able to write down the main theoretical system of Huang Laoxue!

Zhang Cang's real purpose is to observe Ji Chen's temperament by asking questions.

I saw that Ji Yan straightened his waist slightly, and while his face remained respectful, he brought a hint of pride: "The younger generation is still young, and he has no shame to say anything and solve the confusion of the old man." ”

"However, the younger generation has inherited the grace of the teacher, and they dare not insult the lintel; Today, I will dare to smell the confusion of the old man. ”

"If the younger generation can't solve it, then you should go home and ask the tutor, and then tell the elder to know."

Just Chong Jixin's unfrightening reply, Zhang Cang actually recognized this young man in his heart - neither humble nor arrogant; While adhering to the principle, do not forget the respect and inferiority of the elders and the young, and at the same time strive for the school, do not forget to leave room for both sides...

These points are enough to satisfy Zhang Cang - he has been a eunuch for generations, and the Ji family is not strong.

However, Ji Chen's performance beyond the prediction also made Zhang Cang more interested: How high is the upper limit of this son?

Thinking like this, Zhang Cang groaned slightly, and said: "The old man heard Huang Lao's learning, and said that he followed the way of heaven, guarded the female and used the male, the gentleman and the minister, the quiet and inactive, the simple etiquette due to the customs, the recuperation, the rule of law, the leniency of punishment and the simplification of government, and the combination of criminal morality..."

"For the rest, the old man can know a little about it; However, the old man was particularly puzzled by the use of both punishment and virtue: the criminals would not dare to commit crimes with the strictness of the law, and the virtuous would be willing to do so with the self-cultivation of the gentleman. ”

"Why should these two be used together, and why should they coexist?"

The combination of criminal and moral is regarded as the most critical ideological proposition of Huang Laoxue in the Western Han Dynasty and accepted by the world: do not rely entirely on strict laws to intimidate the people, nor do you completely expect everyone to be moral and do good deeds spontaneously.

At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, 'the combination of criminal and moral use' was regarded as the most basic ideology and theory of Huang Laoxue's ruling power; as an official from Huang Laoxue, Ji Chen couldn't even answer such a basic question, and this person was a big loss!

However, at this time, Ji Yi did not have the heart to consider Zhang Cang's motive for asking this question.

To be precise, Ji Yan was stopped by this question!

Of course, Ji Chen knew where the theory of combining criminal and moral use came from - because the Qin law was strict and the people could not bear the suffering, the first proposition that appeared in the ideological circles of the early Han Dynasty was actually 'governing the country with benevolence and righteousness'.

That's right, it is the Confucian set of benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, wisdom and faith, respect and humility and order, and etiquette and law.

However, after Li Shiqi spit out the sentence 'I am a Gaoyang drunkard', this proposition, along with Confucianism, was kicked into the stinky ditch by Emperor Gao Liu Bang.

Later, Huang Laoxue proposed: Only use torture to intimidate (hè), which may make the people unbearable; If you rule by virtue, you may have the risk of violating the law; When criminal and moral are used together, the people can be happy, and the majesty of the national law can be achieved.

But no one has ever raised this question: it is of course very good to be able to use both criminal and moral skills; But what exactly must be done so that these two diametrically opposed ways of governing coexist without conflicting?

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