On June 26, the sixth year of Jianwen, the school on the shore of Xuanwu Lake announced the official opening of classes.

The seventeen enrolled students had already come to the main hall from their respective buildings to wait, and Zhu Yunwen of the Lakeside School chose a full-time boarding system, and he would only be allowed to go home for three days at the end of each month, except for Zhu Wenkui, the prince.

Chenzheng, with the arrival of a team of attendants and Gong E's entourage, Zhu Yunwen, the Jianwen Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and the main lecturer of the Lakeside School appeared in front of this group of children.

"I've seen my teacher."

Zhu Yunwen ordered three times that there was no emperor in this school, only teachers and students, so this group of children had to have the courage to call their teacher,

"Sit down."

Zhu Yunwen threw off the sleeves of his robe, sat down solemnly, and looked at the dozen or so children in front of him.

"I am your main lecturer in this lakeside academy for the next few years, I will come once a month, and the rest of the time, the fifth day, the tenth day of the first month, the fifteenth day of the first month, the twentieth day, and the twenty-fifth day, the elder Yang Pavilion will teach you.

On the sixth, eleventh, sixteenth, twenty-first, and twenty-sixth days of the first month, King Yan will give you military strategies.

On the seventh, twelfth, seventeenth, twenty-second, and twenty-seventh days of the first month, the Wei Guild will take you to strengthen your body and learn the art of bowing, horse, sword, and sword. ”

After Zhu Yunwen finished speaking, these children all looked suspicious, except for these days, there are still many days without classes in a month, could it be a day off?

wanted to speak, but he didn't dare to talk too much about Zhu Yunwen's identity, but Zhu Yunwen himself continued his words.

"Don't think about the good thing of taking a break from class, except for the days when I and a few lecturers are gone, I have arranged other lecturers for you."

Then, Zhu Yunwen turned around, and behind him was a huge 'tabula rasa'.

The blackboard couldn't be made in these years, so the Imperial Front Division had to prepare a whiteboard for Zhu Yunwen, and use more than a dozen proclamations with an exhibition width of more than one zhang and five zhang to roll it to increase the density and hardness, and then fill it into a wooden frame for Zhu Yunwen and several lecturers to use.

This method is good or good, but it is too wasteful and extravagant.

You have to change it once it's full, which is not as convenient as a board eraser.

Lifting the pen, Zhu Yunwen wrote down four words.

"Scholars, farmers, industrialists, merchants."

"That's your teacher the rest of the time."

Facing this group of puzzled and even somewhat surprised eyes, Zhu Yunwen said: "The teachers I have selected for you will include farmers with different properties in various provinces, craftsmen in different positions in Yu Hengsi, merchants with different identities and furniture from the King of Liao and his subordinates, and officials with different levels of quality, these will be your teachers in the future, they will not teach you knowledge, they are only responsible for telling stories, telling what is happening around them, you are responsible for listening and thinking, that's all." ”

Seeing that these children were a little distracted, Zhu Yunwen knocked on the case: "This is the school, any of you can boldly say it if you have any questions, don't worry about the so-called identity, but raise your hand." ”

'Huh. ’

Almost as soon as the words fell, Yu Qian had already taken the lead in raising his hand.

"Students are ignorant, dare to ask their teachers, scholars, and connect the upper and lower to appease the place, so they must learn.

Businessmen are profitable and the country is rich, and the wealth of the country can strengthen the army, and they also need to learn.

This farmer is for farming, and the worker is for making tools. What is there to learn? ”

Yu Qian did not mean to look down on the workers and peasants narrowly, and everyone in this school did not think about the meaning of his words in a narrow way.

Of course, everyone understands the importance of workers and peasants, and what Yu Qian wants to express means is that although workers and peasants are extremely important, they are too simple, and there is nothing to learn.

Isn't it possible to let the dozen or so prodigies in this room learn to farm after they learn it, it's too tyrannical.

"You sit down."

Zhu Yunwen pressed down with his palm and explained with a smile: "I want to emphasize again, I don't let them teach, I let them tell stories.

Farmers, in addition to farming, they are also ordinary people, and they have a short story in their parents, so let them tell you stories, just hope that you can see the grassroots social situation from the trivial things in their lives, and reflect on the reasons for the existence of some good or bad things.

We have taught you a saying, 'From the people, to the people.'" ”

Turning around and writing this sentence on the paper, Zhu Yunwen sketched a triangle and took a pen to draw two horizontal lines in the triangle to divide it into three pieces.

"The Pythagorean triangle mentioned in the nine chapters of arithmetic, you should all understand the meaning of this figure, I won't go into details, I gave the triangle a name and called it Shinong Industry and Commerce. Now I'm here to tell you why I asked them to tell you stories. ”

Lifting the pen, Zhu Yunwen drew a circle on the bottom piece: "According to the algorithm of opening the square, the piece I drew is the largest area, even larger than the above two together, what is this piece?" This is the officials, the common people, the laborers, and the peddlers.

They are the most basic of the four classes of Shinong, industry and commerce, and they are also the largest group that has built the Ming Dynasty.

In the middle, there are officials, landlords, artisans, and merchants. They are progressives on the basis of the grassroots, with a certain amount of wealth and status, and they lead the lowest level and bear the responsibility of management.

And the top small piece is the cabinet and the central government composed of the government, speaking of which you have found anything? ”

Seventeen children almost all raised their hands, and Zhu Yunwen randomly named them.

"At the top of the floor, there are no agriculture, industry, or commerce."

Zhu Yunwen bowed his head with satisfaction and praised: "Yes, in this triangle formed by agriculture and industry, the top one is not the three classes of agriculture and industry, only the leader of the scholar class, what does this mean?" ”

"It shows that the three classes of agriculture and industry are not qualified to appear at the top."

Yang Ji, who was named, said proudly: "The people have no education, no wisdom, no morality, and they are not worthy of appearing." ”

Zhu Yunwen frowned and shook his head, so that he did not criticize him, but said solemnly: "This shows that this structure is an unstable triangle. ”

There was an uproar.

"I am the emperor, and how to draw this Pythagorean triangle is up to me, so I am not in it.

At the top of this triangle, there are only the leaders of the gentry class, so when they make policies, run the country, and deal with some difficult problems, they will naturally favor their own class, so for thousands of years, the gentry have become the country's undisputed biggest interests.

I have asked people of different identities to tell you stories, in the hope that you can feel the contradictions between the most grassroots farmers and businessmen from their stories.

Once the contradictions get deeper and deeper, conflicts will be formed, and when the conflicts become bigger, there will be large-scale, large-scale regional turmoil, and the triangle will collapse, and the country will collapse. ”

Putting the pen on the pen stand, Zhu Yunwen took a sip of tea and soaked his throat: "I said that you are geniuses, so your classes are different from those in local schools, you don't have to learn those dogmatic knowledge from scratch, you don't have to rely on ancient classics, and you don't need to read books thousands of years ago to learn the knowledge of your ancestors' governance, what you need is to understand and think for yourself."

As for these things, I will tell you slowly in the future, and today I will teach you the first lesson, how the country should stand. ”

How the country is established?

This is the class that Zhu Yunwen prepared for them, and it is also a problem.

"Before I begin, I would like to ask you, where is the kingdom established?"

The children raised their hands one after another, and they were able to make the two questions they had previously taken the exam, and they all had their own opinions on this kind of broad question.

"Xun Zi said: Those who use the country are righteous and king, believe and hegemon, and power and seek to die."

The first to express his stance was Yu Qian, the child said firmly: "Students think that the country is established by faith, and if the country has no faith, the people are fearless." ”

Zhu Yunwen didn't say anything, and looked at Yang Ji again, who got up and said.

"Students think that the country is established by law, and if the law is not strict, the country will not be able to govern the people."

Zhu Yunwen still did not express his appreciation or other denials, and asked Wang Youzhun again: "What about you?" ”

"Students think that the country is based on leniency and benevolence."

Wang Youzhun expressed his opinion: "Since ancient times, there is benevolent rule to have a prosperous era, Qin law is strict and the second died, Wenjing Kuanren Han has 400, the people are suffering, and only with the policy of generosity and benevolence can the hearts of all the people be obtained, and the people's hearts are there, and the country will be stable." ”

Zhu Yunwen asked one by one, and most of the answers he got were of these three types, namely, the rule of law, credibility, and love for the people.

"You have a point, all three of these things are needed by a country."

Zhu Yunwen opened his mouth to give a lecture, and these children all picked up the pen seriously and copied it on the paper prepared in front of them.

"Why is the rule of law, credibility and benevolence needed? Because it is the people who occupy the vast majority of the country, and it is precisely these three things that the people need most, and without these three things, the roots of the country will be unstable.

Therefore, these three things are not used to build a country, but to stabilize the country.

The establishment of the country means that the things needed at the beginning of the establishment of the country, and it is also the most important thing of the country, that is, the establishment of the political system, the state is a whole that exercises the ruling mechanism and the leadership mechanism, and in this whole, it is necessary to exercise the ruling and leading work artificially.

Therefore, a clear political system, in which only those who exercise the work of ruling know what they should do, so the basic thing about building a country is politics, what to do after the establishment of the country, and what aspects are needed are the rule of law, credibility and leniency that you just mentioned. ”

The first thing to determine in the founding of the country is the political system, this statement may not be understood by this group of children, but later generations can basically learn politics and the rule of law at a glance, this is not the constitution.

The founding of the country precedes the constitution.

The constitution determines the political center of a country, and then all the development and reform carried out by the country must be carried out around this center, so that the path will not deviate, will not be led into the messy thinking of other countries, and will there be cohesion and execution.

This is the importance of determining the political system.

"The reason why the countries of the past dynasties have been submerged by the history one after another, we descendants can always find out a variety of reasons when reading the history books, some died because of harshness, some died because of too leniency, or land annexation, exorbitant taxes and other conflicts and contradictions in society, but the reason is because the successive dynasties were established from the beginning, it was a period of momentum.

When we talk about the disasters of the country in the past dynasties, it is better to talk about the political gains and losses of the past dynasties. ”

Zhu Yunwen himself said that he was also remembering, including Yang Shiqi and the three who were listening not far away.

"Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Sui, Tang, Song, and Yuan."

Zhu Yunwen wrote down the names of these dynasties, and after examining them, he said: "Among these eight dynasties, Qin was the first to determine its political system hundreds of years after the founding of the country, that is, under the Shang Dynasty Law, a political system based on farming and warfare supplemented by strict laws.

The transformation of Han and Huang Lao's scholarship to exclusive Confucianism was also after the founding of the country, and when it came to Zhaoxuan Zhongxing, it became the head of all families, and the king and the tyrant were parallel. The political system is volatile and does not have a clear goal and core point.

The Wei and Jin dynasties had a clear political system, the Jiupin Zhongzheng system, a compromise system that was destined to be swept into the dust, and the country and the people were harmed.

Sui Liguo is too short to comment.

Tang is considered to be one of the most accomplished dynasties in the establishment of the political system, whether it is his political system, economic system, military service system, all aspects, are very clear and have their distinctive characteristics, not to mention its achievements, only in terms of politics, after the fall of the Tang Dynasty, five dynasties and ten countries, or transition to the two Song Dynasty, Liao, Jin and Yuan.

In the past few hundred years, whether it is a country established by our Han people or a country established by a foreign race, they have basically circled in the plate of the Tang Dynasty system, and they have never come out again.

Even if there are some innovations, they are just changing the soup but not the medicine, changing the name of the agency and changing the brand, and fundamentally, it does not conform to the times or the will of the people and reformulate a new political system.

The two Song Dynasty I was too lazy to mention it, and I didn't want to say it, but I really wanted to talk about the Yuan Dynasty and the emperor Kublai Khan.

I went to Beiping earlier, visited the Yuan Palace in Beiping, and also read some miscellaneous biographies left in the Yuan court.

First of all, let's affirm that this is an enlightened king, in the years when he was emperor, many things left behind and sealed by the two Song Dynasty have continued to progress, the knowledge of some craftsmen, unpopular mathematics, and even shipbuilding, firearms, and astronomy have been developed, and culturally, the birth of Yuan Zaqu has also enriched the people's folk life.

Politically, although Kublai Khan did not know anything and engaged in the so-called four-class system, he had the wisdom to know people and the mind to employ people, and militarily, after discovering Boyan's incompetence, he worshiped Zhang Hongfan as the marshal of the Mongolian and Han capitals, and handed over the military command to a Han man.

In the imperial court, he used An Tong as the prime minister, and the insatiable and even ambitious Ahma acted as the finances. Together, these two men ensured that during the period of Kublai Khan, the strength of the Yuan Dynasty in all aspects would not regress.

Ahmad was Kublai Khan's finance minister and the chief steward of the Yuan Dynasty's treasury, the Yuan Dynasty's poor political system led to a bad financial situation and economic system, but relying on Ahma, the Yuan Dynasty insisted on its hegemonic status for decades, and as soon as Ahmad died, the economy of the Yuan Dynasty collapsed, and the people were all against it.

Therefore, I admire Kublai Khan very much, the so-called take his essence and remove its dross, and I also learn from Kublai Khan's advantages.

The purpose of opening the school is to spread the knowledge I have learned, so that more people can increase their knowledge through learning and know how to think about how to find a win-win path from these contradictions when they encounter them in the future.

Don't continue to go around in this political circle of 'if you divide for a long time, you must be together, you must divide for a long time'. ”

Zhu Yunwen was tired of talking, so he stopped to rest for a while, and took a look at the expressions of more than a dozen children below.

In this, some of them looked thoughtful, and some looked blind.

The establishment of a political system is too ethereal knowledge for them, even for ministers like Yang Shiqi.

But this did not prevent them from being deeply touched by Zhu Yunwen's sentence that 'they are all in circles on the plate of the Tang Dynasty system'.

In the hundreds of years after the death of the Tang Dynasty, haven't these marquee dynasties been making circles on this plate?

If you don't jump out, where is there an immortal dynasty?

It will always be eliminated by the times.

At this time, Yu Qian raised his hand, and Zhu Yunwen raised his hand and motioned for the former to get up and ask.

"Since the teacher said that the founding of the country lies in politics, and the students are ignorant, do you want to know that I am Ming today, can I have a clear political system?"

"Nope."

Zhu Yunwen shook his head without thinking: "Because there is no, I want to open a school, and let people of different identities in this country give you lectures and tell stories, hoping that with the help of the wisdom of you prodigies, you can find out the reasons in the endless contradictions, and then establish a new political system that can avoid and eliminate these contradictions, so that my Ming and the people can make steady progress." ”

Zhu Yunwen did not come up with the idea of constitutionalism.

It's not that he loves power, but that the current Ming Dynasty can't make a constitution.

There are too few people who can read, and there is no one who can have postmodern insights.

Naturally, there is no basis for a constitution.

"The productive forces determine the superstructure, and the form of government determines the speed of progress of the productive forces."

The first half of the sentence is the longest that Zhu Yunwen has listened to in his last life, and the second half of the sentence is added by himself from his perception of being an emperor in the past few years.

In a bad political system, the productive forces do not regress thankfully, and there is still talk about progress and development.

Without an enlightened king and a policy that dares to innovate, the productive forces of this society will always be standing still, and they will never know how to save the country and survive until the country is destroyed.

"The homework left by me in this first lesson today does not need to be written, but it is enough for you to write down in your own minds what I said today, and think carefully about how to determine a government that is in line with the course of the times, and can allow the farmers and businessmen to coexist in peace and help each other.

How can we realize the demands of the people who occupy ninety percent of the world, so as to eliminate those thorny social contradictions? ”

According to Zhu Yunwen's idea, the schoolwork in Lakeside School will always be open-ended, and all the homework will be understood by this group of children according to their own temperament and character, so as to retain their independent thinking ability to the greatest extent.

Otherwise, there would be no need for him to find such a group of prodigies.

When they were young, they were instilled with some seeds of knowledge that Zhu Yunwen was eager for, so that they began to pay attention to thinking about how to plan the course for the country at an early age, and cultivate a sense of the overall situation that far surpassed the bureaucracy above the court, which is the true value of the Lakeside School.

Zhu Yunwen was going to say a few more words, but Shuangxi had already come over.

"Your Majesty, eight hundred miles to the southwest."