Guizhou City, Song Gongzi's study.

Song Ji went to Yunnan Township to take the test again last year, not only did there be no accident, but he was actually admitted by him!

As a result, Song Jian, Song Ji's father and son broke out into a fierce quarrel.

Song Gongzi wanted to go out to study and bring a lot of money to visit famous teachers to prepare for the Jinshi examination in the future.

And Song Jian expressed strong opposition, although he has several sons, but only Song Ji belongs to the eldest grandson, and is the only candidate qualified to compete for the Guizhou Xuanhui envoy. After going out to study for several years, maybe one day Song Ran will die, and Song Gongzi will rush back and the daylilies will be cold.

As for the entrance examination?

Don't be, that thing is very difficult. Moreover, once you become an official after passing the exam, it is equivalent to automatically giving up the inheritance right of Tusi.

As a result, Song Gongzi, who was promoted in the examination, not only did not receive a reward. On the contrary, he lost his freedom and was placed under house arrest by his father, who could only pass the time by reading every day.

"Brother Yuan, did you really see that Mr. Yangming?" Song Gongzi was very excited, since he couldn't go to other provinces to study, it was the same to find a famous teacher nearby to study.

"Song Gongzi hurriedly sent someone to look for me, just to ask about this?" Wang Yuan said strangely, "How did you know about Mr. Yang Ming?" ”

Song Gongzi smiled: "It's not just me, many people in Guizhou know it." ”

Since the last time he drank with Wang Yangming, Wang Yuan has not visited again for more than half a month. Because Xi Shu, the deputy envoy of Tixue, had returned and announced the date of the Taoist exam, he needed to stay at home and study the "Book of Rites" hard, for fear that Xi Tixue would suddenly have a brain convulsion and take the Five Classics.

Who knew that in just half a month, Song Ji, who was confined at home, actually heard of Wang Yangming's name.

The news spread too quickly.

Although the official road from Guizhou City to Longchangyi is much easier to walk than Zazuoyi, it takes at least a day and a half to go back and forth! Wang Yuan came back last time by night.

With such a speed of transmission, thinking with his heels, it was also Wang Yangming's own deliberate dissemination of news.

The dragon field is enlightened, and it is not abrupt.

After 20 years of hard thinking, combined with his own experience, Wang Yangming suddenly realized in an instant.

After enlightenment, it is preaching.

This kind of truth, Sheng Fan Miaoyi definitely doesn't understand, and can only pass it on to the scholars in Guizhou.

Wang Yangming immediately sent people to Guizhou City to build momentum near Sixue, to put it bluntly, to engage in enrollment publicity. He is not for fame and fortune, just for preaching, even if he is a poor child who has no money on him, he can take dry food to Longgang Mountain to listen to classes for free.

Wang Yuan didn't talk to Song Gongzi, and Shen Fuxuan was also led into the study by the servants.

Song Ji immediately got up and asked, "Brother Shen, you are a fellow villager with that Mr. Yangming, do you know his true knowledge?" Who is higher and who is lower than you? ”

Master Shen obviously also heard the news about Wang Yangming, and he smiled bitterly: "Wang You'an (Wang Yangming)'s father is the champion, and his family history is related, how can I compare with him?" Although I am a fellow villager, Wang Youan lived in Beijing when he was a teenager, and when he went back to Zhejiang to take the township test, I had already gone to be a guest of honor for my benefactor, and I have never met him so far. ”

"I see." Song Gongzi was a little disappointed.

"Well," Master Shen continued, "I've heard his name in Jiangnan too. This gentleman called himself Yangmingzi, and in the last years of Hongzhi, there were young scholars who called him 'Mr. Yangming', which shows that his talent is far beyond ordinary people. ”

The subtext of this sentence is that he can be called Mr. by Jiangnan Shizi, and he can't be suppressed without real talent and learning.

Song Gongzi asked Wang Yuan again: "What did you talk to Mr. Yang Ming about that day?" ”

Wang Yuan recalled carefully and roughly retold the conversation between the two sides.

"You," Master Shen shook his head and smiled bitterly, admonishing, "Don't always criticize Zhu Zi, you haven't even read "Zhu Zi's Language". ”

Wang Yuan asked, "Did I say something wrong?" ”

Master Shen explained: "Your understanding of 'reason' is just picking up the wisdom of Zhuzi's teeth. Zhu Zi has already made it very clear that if there is a truth that he has not yet understood, then he should do it from the truth he already understands. If you understand the truth and haven't done it, then you should work hard to put it into practice. Knowledge and action, in Zhu Zi's view, are mutually reinforcing, and there is no contradiction with what you said that day. ”

"Why didn't I see these words in the "Notes on the Four Books"?" Wang Yuan was a little confused.

"Of course I can't see it, it's from "Zhu Zi's Language", it's not something that must be mastered in the scientific examination," Master Shen shook his head again and again, "When Zhu Zi is regarded as a sage, do you rely on his annotations to the four books?" False! ”

Wang Yuan said: "Preserve the principles of heaven and destroy people's desires, this sentence is always said by Zhu Zi, right?" I don't think so. ”

Master Shen said: "If you follow me to govern the Book of Rites, you will soon be able to learn the origin of this sentence." ”

"Saving heavenly principles and destroying people's desires, it is actually from "The Book of Rites"?" Wang Yuan was surprised.

Discussing other knowledge, perhaps Master Shen was still reluctant, but he had already turned over the "Book of Rites", and immediately corrected Wang Yuan's misunderstanding.

It turned out that Zhu Xi believed that all things have the same origin, and Tai Chi is the Tao, that is, the principle of heaven, that is, the law of law. Tai Chi gives birth to yin and yang, derives all things, gasifies the popular as the essence, and people and things have their own attributes. Human attributes are bright, dark, and turbid.

Food, clothing, shelter, transportation, eating, drinking, Lasa, and loving women, these basic desires are all heavenly principles in Zhu Xi's view. The human desires he wants to extinguish are extravagance and waste, lustful nature, greedy for pleasure, and so on.

The true meaning of "preserving the principles of heaven and destroying people's desires" is: people should abide by the principles of the road, get rid of darkness, turn their hearts to light, and keep evil and good. Only by eliminating one's own evil can one get closer and closer to the saint.

The same is true of Buddhism, Taoism beheads three corpses, and Buddhism goes to three poisons, which has the same meaning as Confucianism's "preserving heavenly principles and destroying people's desires".

And Wang Yangming's "To Conscience" is also another version of "Preserving Heavenly Principles and Destroying People's Desires", but the two are realized in different ways.

The rulers and Taoists deliberately misinterpreted Zhu Xi's true intentions, and finally became more and more evil. Even the Xianxia novels of later generations were influenced by this fallacious reasoning, thinking that beheading three corpses to become holy was to destroy all human desires.

"I see, thank you for your teachings." Wang Yuan thanked him very sincerely, and at the same time began to reflect on himself.

Master Shen admonished: "My knowledge is limited, and I can't teach you too many profound truths. But I know that Zhu Zi is not something that ordinary people can criticize, at least not what you can criticize now. If you want to refute Zhu Zi, you have to read all of Zhu Zi's works, how many books have you read now? ”

Wang Yuan said again: "Students remember. ”

Song Gongzi was confused when he heard it beside him, although he was admitted to the Juren, but what he learned was limited to "Notes on the Four Books" and "Righteousness of the Five Classics", and he couldn't understand what the two were talking about at the moment.

Well, I can actually understand it, but I can't understand it.

In Song Gongzi's opinion, it is enough to read the sage books carefully, where is there so many doubts in his heart?

Wang Yuan woke up suddenly, and just wanted to smack himself a few times.

Because the "Four Books" was learned too quickly, coupled with the superiority of the traverser, Wang Yuan was already a little blind and arrogant. He only came into contact with Confucianism, and he felt that Confucianism was nothing more than that, and even became more and more disrespectful to Zhu Xi, and expressed this emotion many times.

Fortunately, Wang Yuan is still young, and Wang Yangming and Xi Shu don't care about him.

Wang Yuan couldn't help asking, "Sir, what is the true meaning of Zhu Zi?" ”

Master Shen thought about it carefully and said, "Reason." ”

That's not nonsense!

Wang Yuan was speechless for an instant, and no longer had expectations for Master Shen, this kind of question could only be answered by Wang Yangming.

In fact, Zhu Xi's science is objective idealism; And Wang Yangming's psychology is subjective idealism.

The fatal wound of science is the separation of knowledge theory and methodology, coupled with the constant distortion and brainwashing of the rulers, which has formed the ideological imprisonment of scholars.

Wang Yangming was confused by this kind of separation, and could not use methodology to verify the theory of knowledge, so he could only find another way to find answers from the heart, and jump directly from objective idealism to subjective idealism.

Wang Yuan, traverser, must be materialistic.

When Wang Yuan was self-reflecting, Song Gongzi asked Shen Fuxuan to come up with an idea to discuss how to run away from home and go to Longgang Mountain to listen to the lecture of the famous teacher.

Master Shen would not get involved in this kind of thing, and said perfunctorily: "Ling Zun is tightly guarded, and I can't think about it for the time being, and I will think about it slowly when I go home." ”

Song Gongzi grabbed Master Shen's hands: "Brother Shen, please come up with a plan as soon as possible!" ”

"I will do my best." Master Shen is still fooling.

After leaving the study, Shen Fuxuan breathed a sigh of relief and said to Wang Yuan: "There will be a Taoist test in a few days, and you must do eight shares and take the five classics." ”

Wang Yuan said depressedly: "I have only learned a few articles in the Book of Rites, and it seems that I can only fool around." ”

Master Shen smiled: "Don't be anxious. Xi Zhitai also knows that it is not easy for children in Guizhou, so whether it is the Four Books or the Five Classics, this time the question is limited to the first article. ”

"That's okay," Wang Yuan also laughed, "Is this a fraud and a missed question?" ”

"It doesn't count." Master Shen said it categorically.

It's weird!