Li Jinyong's "Reading Ancient Medical Books and Researching the Origin of 'Wu' and Wu Zhu Healing in the Yellow Emperor's Neijing": "Wu Zhi has been treating diseases for people for a long time, "Taiping Yulan, Fangshu Department II, Medicine I" quoted "Shiben" and said: "Wu Xian, Yao Chen, Hongshu is the doctor of Emperor Yao", "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period, Review and Review, Don't Bow" said: "Wu Peng is a doctor", "Han Poems Biography" Volume 19 says: "I heard that there was a Mao father in ancient times." The spear father is also a doctor, with Kan as a seat, with a dog as a dog, and the north is blessed, and ten words are spoken, and all those who come to help the public are calm as before. "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period, First Knowledge, and Knowledge" contains Qi Huan Gong saying: "Chang Zhi witch judges life and death, and can go to harsh diseases." It is a doctor before the Warring States Period, it was manipulated in the hands of witches, doctors and witches are not distinguished, witches are doctors, doctors are witches, so the word "doctor" is from "witch" to "毉", and it is always called "witch doctor". …… It is the witch who has the knowledge of medicine, and often collects medicine to use, especially in the form of dancing and séance, praying for blessings and eliminating disasters, and treating people's diseases. …… Wu Zhu's healing, in ancient times, was not entirely negative, and in some cases, it could also play a certain therapeutic role. "The Customs of the Chu State, the Witchcraft, and the Medical Activities of the Witches" says: "The use of witchcraft as a means of treatment is not without positive effects and effects. After asking the cause of the illness, the sorcerer prays to the ghosts and gods, and administers hypnosis, suggestion and stimulation to the patient, so that the patient believes that his illness is due to a specific ghost, and in the process of the sorcerer's symbolic prayer for a god's forgiveness or driving a ghost to escape, the patient's inner defense function is fully induced, which is the so-called "Su Wen" to transfer sperm and change qi, and at the same time, the depression and fear caused by illness are also unconsciously relieved. For psychological disorders and minor ailments, witchcraft therapy is often effective, but for major illnesses and addictions, witchcraft therapy is difficult to achieve. ’”

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was a difference between witches and doctors, including "believing in witches and not believing in doctors, and six incurables" ("Historical Records: The Biography of Bian Que") and "Those who are confined to ghosts and gods cannot be said to be virtuous." (Su Wen: The Five Organs of Distinction).

"Shuo Wen Youbu": "Doctors, healers." …… The ancient Wu Peng was a doctor for the first time. Paragraph note: "This is the "World Book", Wu Peng began to heal the sick. ”

Wu Peng is the name of a divine doctor in ancient legends.

"The Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Western Classic of the Sea, and the Enlightened East Have All Witches Healing Caves": "In the enlightened east, there are Wu Peng, Wu Du, Wu Yang, Wu Xu, Wu Fan, Wu Xiang, and the corpses of the Jia Kiln (Yin Ya Yu Yayu), all of which are immortal medicine to distance them. Note: "All are divine doctors." ”

"The Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Great Wilderness of the West, the Ten Witches of Lingshan": "There are Lingshan, Wu Xian, Wu Ji, Wu Pan, Wu Peng, Wu Gu, Wu Zhen, Wu Li, Wu Di, Wu Xie, Wu Luo Ten Witches, from now on, a hundred medicines are there. ”

"Lü's Spring and Autumn Period, Volume 17, Review and Division, Don't Bow": "Wu Peng is a doctor, Wu Xian is a doctor, these twelve officials, the reason why the saint rules the world." ”

Qing Chen Menglei et al. "Ancient and Modern Books Integrated Medical Department Complete Record: Ancient and Modern Medical System": "Wu Peng was a Zhou medical officer at the beginning, saying that people only have five grains and five medicines to nourish their diseases, five voices and five colors to see their life, to see the changes of the nine orifices, to participate in the movement of the five organs, so to attack it with five poisons, and to treat it with medicine. (Note: "Ancient and Modern Medical System" does not see the word "Wu Peng", suspected to be added by Chen and others)

Xie Guan's "Dictionary of Chinese Medicine": "Wu Peng, "History of the Road": 'The Yellow Emperor ordered Wu Peng and Tongjun to prescribe a cup (sound Zhao zhao) bait, and the person was able to live a good life. "History of Yi Zhou": "Wu Peng was a doctor of Zhou at the beginning, and said: Five grains and five medicines nourish his disease, five qi, five sounds and five colors depending on his life, look at it with the changes of the nine orifices, participate in the movement of the five organs, then there are five poisons, attack it with five medicines, treat it with five qi, nourish it with five flavors, and dispel all diseases. (Note: Individual sentences are mispronounced)

Li Jingwei and Deng Tietao's "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine": "Wu Peng, a witch doctor in ancient times. According to legend, he was a minister of the Yellow Emperor. ”

Ming Yu Luan's "The True Biography of Medicine: Medicine or Questions": "Or ask: The ancients had a forbidden curse, why not use it now?" Said: Those who prohibit spells, that is, "Su Wen" Zhu Youke. It was taught by Nagarjuna, and it was the ear of the technique of transferring essence and changing qi. It can cure minor diseases, or men and women enter the temple to be confused and become sick, or the mountains, forests and valleys rush to rebuke the evil spirit, and its evidence is like being drunk and obsessed, which is possessed by evil spirits, and all the evidence of confusion can be used to solve the confusion and calm the nerves. In ancient times, there was a book of Nagarjuna mantras in the world, and now it is a witch, a child, a wife, and a trick to bewitch the people and coax and scare to get money. Belch! Evil magic is only used by evil people, and those who know reason should not use it. ”

The word "Zhu You" is found in "Su Wen: The Theory of Transferring Essence and Changing Qi", cloud: "The Yellow Emperor asked: Yu Wengu's cure, but it can be wished to change Qi by moving essence and changing qi...... Poison can't cure the inside, needles and stones can't cure the outside, so you can just move the essence and bless it. The interpretation of "Zhu Yu" is different from that of ancient and modern doctors.

Yang Shangshan's "Taisu Zhi Zhu You": "In ancient times, there was a disease, but the wish was the reason for the disease, and the disease was already ...... If you are sick, you can use the blessing as an excuse to move the sperm and change the qi, and there is no pretense for the needle and medicine. ”

Wang Bing's note: "I wish to talk about the cause of illness, not to work on needles and stones." "Song Lin Yi and other "New Correction" clouds: "According to the whole yuan of the clouds: 'I wish you the southern gods'." ”

Zhang Jiebin's "Analogous Classics: On the Treatment": "The one who wishes to be by, that is, the method of forbidden spells, uses charms to cure diseases. ”

Ma Ma's "Su Wen Note Evidence Hair Micro" cloud: "Wishing the cause, to wish the forbidden to eliminate the evil spirit. ”

Gao Shizong's "Su Wen Zhi Explanation" cloud: "Wishing the cause, wishing the origin of his illness, in order to tell God." ”

Zhang Zhicong's "Notes on Su Wenji" cloud: "I wish the words of God, 'by', from also." Words are blessed to the gods, and the disease can be cured. ”

Japanese Tanba Yuanjian's "Lingshu Knowledge, Volume 5": "Wu Jutong said...... Congratulations, farewell. From, the place of illness comes out also. …… Wishing you the reason, tell in detail all the things that are sick, so that the patient knows about it, and does not dare to commit it again. It will also change the wind and become elegant, and the hidden feelings of the laborers and women will be examined, and the words will be enlightened, the solemnity will be shocked, and the alarmist words will be fearful, and the heart will be convinced, and then it can be effective. ”

Xu Dachun's "Theory of the Source of Medicine: Zhu Youke": "The method of Zhu You is only because of the cause of his condition, and he declares the intention to guide qi to solve doubts and doubts...... This must also be mildly ill, or there is a reason for induction...... The art of the charm that has been passed down recently has a small effect. ”

Zhang Dengben and Wu Changchun's "Neijing Dictionary": "Zhu You, use charms and words to pray for ways to get rid of diseases and drive away diseases." ”

Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Hebei Medical College released the "Yellow Emperor's Neijing Suwen School Interpretation": "Zhu You: A method of curing diseases through prayers in ancient times, and later generations called the use of charms to cure diseases as Zhu Youke...... The so-called Zhu Yu, on the surface, seems to be a completely superstitious form, but in fact it is the most primitive spiritual therapy that contains certain scientific truths. ”

Gai Jianmin's "Taoist Medicine": "Zhu You's treatment has the medical connotation of psychotherapy, that is, by saying the cause of the disease, 'transferring essence and changing qi'. 'Shift means change, change means change. All of them make the evil not hurt the good, and the spirit is strengthened and the inner guard is also. It contains the mechanism of psychotherapy, that is, 'transferring the spirit, changing the hidden mind, guiding the camp and guarding, and returning to the level'. Youyun: "When Taoist doctors treat people's diseases, their psychological and medical methods of 'wishing the cause of illness and not working on needles and stones' and their actual medical effects are usually submerged in the religious activities of Taoist Qi Shen Shangzhang, Zhai Jiao praying, drawing talismans and reciting mantras, and are not easy to be noticed by the world. ”

Fu Jinghua's "Yellow Emperor's Neijing Su Wen Translation Notes": "Zhu You: Ancient sorcerers did not use medicine prescriptions, but used charms to cure diseases. "Lingshu Thief Wind": "The sorcerer, because he knows the victory of all diseases, and the prophet who is born from his illness, can only be wished." 'Through the charm of prayer, the state of mind is changed, so there will be a healing effect. Witch doctors flourished in the Shang Dynasty, and among the clergy officials such as 'Da Zhu', 'Da Bu', and 'Si Wu', there were divination and blessings in the form of religious activities to heal diseases. However, they also brought together the knowledge and treatment experience of folk medicine, so there was a mixed period of medicine and witchcraft in the history of our country. …… During the Spring and Autumn Period, witch doctors declined and entered the stage of reform and innovation in Chinese medicine. ”

To sum up, the meaning of the interpretation of "Zhu Yu" is (1) Zhu also. Such as Yang Shangshan. (2) Tell me the cause of the disease. Such as Wang Bing. Among them, (1) to pray to God about the cause of illness. Such as Quan Yuanqi, "New Correction", Gao Shizong, Zhang Zhicong, etc.; (2) Congratulate the patient about the cause of illness. Such as Wu Jutong, Tanbo Yuanjian, Xu Dachun, Gai Jianmin, etc. (3) The method of charms. Such as Zhang Jiebin, Ma Ying, "Neijing Dictionary" and so on. So, which statement is reasonable?

Press: The word "Zhu You", in which the sound of "Zhu" has two meanings: (1) read the sound of "zhu note", which refers to the blessing and prayer of the male witch to pray to God with words, and the genus of the witch is also. For example, (1) "Shuo Wen Shibu": "Wish, the one who praises the priest." "Wang Yi's note: The male witch said congratulations. Zheng Xuan's note: Wish, the one who receives the gods is also. (2) "Jade Chapter: Shibu": "Wish, sacrifice words." (3) "Shu Luohe": "The king ordered the book to be written, and the book of Yi Zhu." "Kong Yingda Shu: Read the book and tell God what it says. (2) Read the sound of "zhou mantra", the meaning is the same as the curse, curse, forbidden spell, charm also, the witchcraft ear of Taoist medicine. For example, (1) Tang Xuanying's "All the Scriptures and Yinyi, Volume 6": "Zhu, "Shuowen" is a poem. Ahh It's all a curse now. (2) "The Book of Kinds: On the Governance": "Wish, curse the same...... That is, the method of spell forbiddenness, and the use of charms to cure diseases. And what is the meaning of "by"?

The original word "by" should be "礻by", "礻留", and "祝by" should be "Zhu 礻by (礻留)". "Saying the Text, Showing the Department": "Stay, I wish you to stay." Duan Yu commented: "Wyeth Shiqi said: 'Su Wen" Yellow Emperor said: The ancient cure can be wished. 'Zhu Yu, that is, Zhu Yu stays. Already, stop also. Jade cutter: "Jade Chapter" said: Ancient texts are used as a reason. "Stay, the ancient text is the by, "Jade Chapter: Shibu": "The ancient text is retained." "By", that is, the province of "礻by" and "by" is also a phenomenon of ancient Chinese words. It can be seen that "Zhu Yu" is "Zhu Liu", the righteousness of praying to God and asking for blessings. Zhu, should be read "zhu note" sound, not "zhou mantra" sound.

"Su Wen: The Theory of Transferring Essence and Changing Qi": "Its transfer of essence and changing qi can be wished ...... In this tranquil world, evil cannot go deep. Therefore, poison cannot cure the inside, and the needle stone cannot cure the outside, but the essence can be transferred. Taoist physician Wang Bing Zhuyun: "Shift, it is said to be shifting; Change is called change. All of them make the evil not hurt the good, and the spirit is strengthened and the inner guard is also. "The Theory of Vitality through Heaven" says: "The saint transmits the spirit and serves the weather." "The Ancient Theory of Innocence" said: "The spirit is guarded, and the illness is never safe." According to the scriptures and Wang Bing's note, the one who wishes is the health preservation technique of the Taoist school. Taoism (teaching) believes that the three treasures of the human body are "essence, qi, and spirit". Taoist thought mainly advocates "void and quiet non-action", that is, "tranquility and nothingness". In this way, the spirit is guarded, the qi and blood are harmonized, the internal organs function normally, and the body is healthy and disease-free. Those who "transfer essence and change qi" are the meaning of transferring essence, changing spirit, transferring spirit, and changing mind. "Transferring the essence and wishing for the cause" is a kind of primitive spiritual and psychological therapy that prays to God and seeks blessings and healing by changing one's mind and concentrating on one's thoughts. This is the original meaning of "Zhu You" in ancient times, that is, the method of breathing and convincing and guiding in Taoist medicine and health preservation techniques.

Gai Jianmin's "Taoist Medicine" cloud: "Breathing and convincing qi is the most commonly used treatment method in Taoism. Breathing is a kind of breathing exercise. Its exercises are mainly based on inhaling external qi, so it is called convincing qi and eating qi; And when the qi is inhaled into the body, it is often necessary to close the breath and guide the qi to run in the body with the mind, so it is also called the qi ...... The key point of qi healing is to 'lead qi with intention', that is, to concentrate on a certain part of the human body, so that the qi can reach the place of mind or pain, so as to attack the disease...... To cure diseases, we must think about the lesions, give full play to the active role of the mind, and mobilize the true qi to attack it. This is the "Sage Transmission of the Spirit and Obeying the Weather" of "Su Wen: The Theory of Vitality and Vitality". Biography, when it is "specialized". Passing on the spirit should be "dedicated spirit", that is, the spirit is single-minded and attentive. Serve the weather, that is, serve the gas and eat the gas.

It can be seen that the "Zhu You" therapy in the "Su Wen Essence Transfer and Qi Changing Qi Theory" is actually a kind of self-exhalation and convincing qi and guiding therapy in ancient times, or to achieve the purpose of healing by praying to the gods, that is, the genus of Wu Zhu.

Press again: "Lingshu Thief Wind": "The Yellow Emperor said...... What is the reason for the sudden illness? But because of the spirits and gods? …… What is the reason for the blessing? Qi Bo said: The first witch, because he knows the victory of all diseases, and the prophet who is born from his disease, can only be wished. "This method of treatment is the witchcraft of Taoist medicine - Zhu Youshu is only. Because the "witch" knows the cause of the disease, and still knows the spell to cure all diseases, it can be cured under the spell of "spell forbidden". This method of witch blessing is different from the "essence transfer blessing" in "Su Wen: The Theory of Transferring Essence and Changing Qi". In fact, it developed into the "Zhu You Department" and "Forbidden Spell Department" in later generations, and the "Tai Hospital" in the Yuan and Ming dynasties had such official subjects, which were lost in the era of Zhang Jiebin and Ma Ying. For example, Zhang Jiebin: "Press: 13 departments of medical art in the national dynasty: big square pulse, small square pulse, woman, typhoid fever, sores and moxibustion, eye disease, mouth and teeth, throat, bone graft, gold arrow, massage, and Zhu You." Today's massage, Zhu by the two branches of the lost transmission, but the folk still have it...... The wisher, the genus of the witch wish, that is, the blessing is also ...... Wish, curse the same...... The one who wishes by means of a spell forbidden, uses a charm to cure the disease. Zhang Jiebin's "Wu Zhu's genus" is different from the above meaning discussed by the author. Ma Yingyun: "Massage, the method of news guidance, to remove people's eight diseases; Wishing for the forbidden, to wish the forbidden to purify the evil spirit. The two branches have not been passed down today. ”

Witchcraft is the practice. "As far as the methods of witchcraft are concerned, there are invocations, metaphors, contacts, curses, runes, taboos, and divination." Curse style, that is, the use of curses, abuse, whipping, expulsion and other means to drive away evil spirits and gods, and cure diseases. This is a method of using charms to cure diseases in later Taoist medicine. What is Taoist Medicine? "Encyclopedia of China: Religious Volume": "In order to pursue immortality, Taoism inherited and absorbed the achievements of traditional Chinese medicine, and accumulated medical knowledge and technology in the process of internal cultivation and external cultivation. It includes the ingestion, outer pill, inner pill, guide, and elixir and charms with the color of witch doctors, etc., which are both related to and different from traditional Chinese medicine, and the essence of its medicine and pharmacology is an integral part of Chinese medicine. In short, Taoist medicine is a medicine that includes elixirs and charms with the color of witch doctors, and Taoist medicine is a method of curing people's diseases, including witchcraft medicine. Although this law has not been put into the hall of elegance, and the textbooks of colleges and universities are not recorded, it is indeed practiced by the people, and it is sometimes effective. Why? The main reason is that Taoist charms and cures contain a deep medical background. Charm is a combination of Taoist talismans and mantras.