Section 20 Road Construction (1)
This section has made some minor changes based on the suggestions of book friends.
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"Commissioner Wang, it doesn't look like the road will be too peaceful." Mei Wan said meaningfully.
"How?"
"I heard that the reconnaissance team that came to Lingao in the morning was attacked at Bairentan." Mei Wan said as she crossed, dodging a big rock on the road. The general public was not very clear about the affairs of the Sino-American trio, thinking that they were also sent out as a reconnaissance team.
"How do you know that? This has not yet been briefed internally. "The situation reported by Guo Yi after his return is still in the stage of secrecy.
"The corpses have all floated on the river beach, and not even the blind can see it, what is the secret to keep?" Mei Wan said, "In the new environment and new atmosphere, don't continue some brain-dead habits." ”
"What are you afraid of, more than a dozen people besieged three, and they were all repulsed, three were slightly injured, and several of the other party died." Wang Luobin pretended to be relaxed.
"I can't say that, it's scary to have a few cold arrows. They couldn't work in stab-proof clothing on the construction site - it was too hot. ”
As he drove along the way, he reflected on the problems in highway construction: there were too few people who could drive bulldozers, and so many large machines could only operate two or three of them; There is no hard hat, although each person has an 80 steel helmet, but it is too tiring to wear this work. It was suggested to make a batch of wicker hats quickly - they found some willow groves by the river; Drinking water, which is now replenished every day, has to be returned to the beach. There is a lot of minerals in the body, and salt is needed to replenish them, and the Planning Commission refuses to directly allocate salt to them, saying that only the food office can receive it......
"Also, now there are only a few formal personnel in our construction engineering team, all of whom are Jishu personnel. The construction workers were all new recruits from the basic labor group. It doesn't matter if you don't have jishu, we can teach - aren't migrant workers just as capable? But the problem is that the next day we will be replaced by a new group of people -- the average workload of the United States and Japan will be returned. Please, this is not a big pot of rice, can you be so egalitarian? Well, the previous batch has not yet been churched, and there is a new batch of new ones, isn't this a fool's errand? You see that more than 300 people came to the construction site in one breath today, how much work was done? ”
"That's right." Wang Luobin thought about it, and it was true that most of the labor teams sent to the road construction site today did not work.
"We have to set up a special engineering team to carry out infrastructure construction, and the personnel must be fixed." Mei Wan said, "My requirements are not high, 50 people are good, and the basic labor force can be sent to do the hard work." ”
The two of them talked about the highway all the way, and came to the temporary highway construction headquarters, in order to organize the construction nearby, this place was almost 2 kilometers away from the camp, the conditions were very simple, and there was no electricity. It's just a tent.
Walking inside, the tent where the sun had been basking for a day was still hot and dry, and all kinds of drawing boards and surveying and mapping equipment were crammed everywhere. A large table is stacked with rolls of survey drawings. Mei Wan came up with a planning plan.
The route was chosen on the east bank of the Wenlan River. The east bank of the river has more room for development than the west bank, and in the future, it can also be connected with ports such as Hongpai and Mayuan to form an industrial base and port transportation integration. Several major industrial development zones in modern Lingao are also located on the west bank of the Wenlan River.
For those who traveled to the 17th century, a well-developed road system was the basis for reconstructing modern society. The path of modernization is not only conducive to the flow of goods and people, but also greatly increases the control of the regime over society. Although China is one of the first countries to establish a national road traffic network, the scope and depth of road extension are still insufficient. Taking Hainan as an example, there was only one official post road around the island in the Ming Dynasty, and there was no perfect road in each county. Only a few people trampled on the path that the ox had trodden. Whether it is an official road or a general road, there is almost no pavement hardening and drainage facilities, the so-called "no rain three feet of soil, rain and mud", in the Ming Dynasty Hainan is also applicable.
In contrast, Europe of the same era was not much better. The road before 1600 was still in very bad condition, and the road construction jishu handed down from the ancient Roman era has been lost, and the potholes in the road surface were filled with bundles of firewood, and even this weak and perishable material was used as the roadbed for the new road. The idea of modern road construction comes from the Italian Togreta (c. 1587), who mentioned for the first time in an article some of the basic concepts of modern roads, such as that roads must be above the level of groundwater; There needs to be drainage facilities on both sides of the road; Gravel was used to build a sturdy roadbed, and a mixed gravel and mortar pavement was laid at the door, which he pointed out required long-term maintenance, but was much cheaper than traditional Romanesque hard stone roads. From the 17th century onwards, road construction jishu and road administration in Europe entered a stage of rapid development.
The road plan of the traverser is naturally ambitious, and the planned highway, with a straight-line distance of 8 kilometers and a total length of 12-16 kilometers, is built according to the standard of Class B of the graded military road, which has a passing volume of less than 200 vehicles per day and night. The car is designed to pass at a maximum speed of 40 km / h. The width of the entire roadbed is 7 meters, the width of the roadway is 6 meters, and the carriageway is double-lane.
"I have an opinion," Mr. Wang said, "that may not be right." Are you putting too much effort into the survey right now? Are you planning to build a permanent highway once and for all? Is this necessary now? Build a side road first, and then slowly change it. The idea of the executive committee is to build the road to Bairentan as soon as possible, let alone D+5, and the construction will not be completed in a month, right?
Mei Wan looked at a few people around her, and everyone was silent. Bing Feng had calculated the general amount of work, and knew that Wang Luobin was right. But only Mei Wan and Zhuo Tianmin know a little bit about road and bridge projects, and Mei Wan, as the leader of the construction team, is very interested in her own plan, and everyone is embarrassed to mention the issue of this construction period.
Mei Wan saw that her plan was likely to be rejected, and hurriedly explained: "This kind of road is already a bit of a luxury for us, but take precautions, lay a good foundation first, and lay a good foundation for future expansion and reconstruction." ”
"Now at the beginning of the crossing, we are in ruins. Although there is no objective and practical standard for what should be simple and what should be fine, you must be perfect from a professional point of view as the person in charge of the actual project. That's obviously impossible, neither jishu nor the material is very complete now. The blind pursuit of perfection is a bit of a fate for the fish. Wang Luobin said.
Zhuo Tianmin, who had been silent in the construction team, suddenly said: "I agree with Member Wang's view. Road construction is complicated and complicated, and it is necessary to consider the slope of the road, consider the geological structure, consider the amount of construction, whether it is necessary to build bridges, whether it needs tunnels, and design the construction plan according to the situation of the investigation...... But simple can also be simple. Especially now it's just a temporary road. As long as you determine the starting and ending points of the road, the places that must be reached on the way, and then choose a route according to the terrain you pass through to build a simple dirt road. According to the field surveys, the local terrain is not complicated, and it is not a big problem to build a sidewalk in such a place without even rigorous mapping. ”
Zhuo Tianmin's speech made Mei Wan's face look ugly, although this man who graduated with a bachelor's degree in mechatronics and has the qualifications of a registered consultant and builder has always maintained a low-key posture in the group because he signed up late and has to take care of his son, but his professional ability is obvious to all. This has always made Mei Wan a little taboo.
He originally wanted to show the Executive Committee a beautiful show for the project and at the same time to establish a reputation among the masses -- winning the favor of the people by building high-quality public buildings, which was an easy way to succeed.
But now, his idea was obviously not favored by Wang Luobin, and was refuted by Zhuo Tianmin on the spot, and he fell into an evaluation of "no overall situation".
"There are hundreds of people on the beach now, and there are so many supplies and machinery, these things have to be brought to Bairen Beach as soon as possible! Our task now is to get there, not how, and don't put the cart before the horse. He stood up, "All your requests will be answered to you tonight, but the plan has to be redone, to D+6, the convoy must go to Bairentan!" ”
After the meeting, Mei Wan, who was like a frosted eggplant, reorganized and revised the plan according to Wang Luobin's request. The new highway is an improvised road with dirt roads. Such a road surface is only suitable for conditions where there is less traffic and at the same time can be stopped on rainy days. Considering that there will not be many vehicles passing on this road, it is after the Mid-Autumn Festival of the lunar calendar, and the rainy season in Lingao has ended, and the rain will not have a great impact on driving.
The next day, the road construction project was finally on track, adhering to the guiding principle of "surveying and designing while constructing", and a temporary road construction team replaced the original noisy and ineffective basic labor team.
Because they don't have the hydrological data of the Wenlan River from the 17th century, they don't know what its highest water level was in history. Therefore, when delineating the route, the standard for the distance from the river bank is a margin of 10% more than the 20th century standard for a 100-year flood.
The subgrade is filled with earth, which is suitable for low-lying sections of plains and hilly areas. In order to reduce the transportation link, it was decided to use the roadside ditch to take the soil as much as possible, and the soil pit was only used as a supplement.
Construction of the width of the highway ditch calculated first according to the width of the vehicle, from the roadbed edge Chun outward according to the width of the edge of the ditch position, generally with lime sprinkler line mark or with a Tsubaki pull rope to set the edge, Mei Wan is reluctant to use lime, just sprinkle grass ash to fix the edge.
The soil dug out of the side ditch, the shallow layer is paddy soil or other humus-rich soil, such a soil construction team is not wanted, and it is best to use clay and sandy soil to build the roadbed, these two kinds of soil are not lacking along the construction site, and it is very convenient to use. Because the location is along the river, there is a lot of sandy soil, and there are many pebbles and shells mixed in the soil, and the direct landfill into the roadbed is not good for the overall strength of the roadbed. Zhuo Tianmin, who was assigned to be in charge of the soil extraction work, set up a sand and gravel screen for construction at the soil extraction site to screen out the stones and shells in the soil. Pebbles could be used as building materials, shells, and Mei Wan intended to use them to burn lime - but he only knew that shells could be burned, not how.
The filtered soil is used to fill the roadbed. The cross-section of the entire roadbed is stepped and laid in layers with clay and sandy soil alternately, and the soil is compacted twice with a roller for every 20 cm of filling. In this way, the roadbed is continuously filled to 1 meter. Then the side ditch with soil on both sides is leveled to facilitate drainage, and the entire roadbed is roughly completed.
In contrast, the work of the road surface is a little more complicated. The soil pavement is required to be flat and compact, not loose when the weather is dry, and less dust when driving; When it rains, the water drains quickly. These engineering jishu personnel have never been engaged in road and bridge engineering, and Mei drove a night train at night to review the textbooks and jishu materials she brought with her.