Zhao State, the township of the people.

The people are located in the east of Handan, although it is not big, but it has the most fertile land in Zhao State, this is because it is close to the water, which is convenient for irrigation, and the people of the people are all gathered at the moment, it is still cold winter at the moment, everyone is trembling, but they look very happy, surrounded by a relatively wide courtyard inside and outside, the courtyard, full of people, outside the courtyard, there are also people poking their heads out of the low courtyard wall, looking curiously.

Everyone was very happy and very excited, because Ma Fujun came.

Ma Fujun didn't come alone, he and his disciples came here, if it weren't for the arrogant townsman who worshiped in front of this young man in fear, everyone couldn't believe it, it turned out that this young nobleman who stayed in his house was Ma Fujun. Zhao Kuo sat on the ground with a smile, surrounded by figures, and there were disciples standing behind him, holding bamboo slips, recording.

"Uncle, in a bumper year, how much millet can be produced in one acre of land?"

The old man sitting in front of Ma Fujun stroked his beard, showed a mouthful of teeth, and replied with a smile: "The best cultivated land, one mu can produce three stone millet of grain." ”

"What if it's a weekday?"

"Two stones and five stones."

"How much arable land do you have?"

"I don't have arable land, I have a total of eight people with my family, ploughing 300 acres of land...", the old man said, Zhao Kuo suddenly realized, at this moment the Qin State is still different from other countries, at this moment, the state ownership of land is developing towards private ownership of land, of course, in Zhao Kuo's view, it cannot be said that it is the state ownership of land, it should be the system of the king of land, the cultivated land is the king's, and the rest of the people are slaves who farm for the king, this is just a more selfish private ownership of land!

The royal family distributed the arable land to the nobles, and the nobles then distributed the land to the people, exploiting them layer by layer, the people did not have their own arable land, they were only responsible for farming for others, and the nobles could not sell the land privately, and the land of the nobles was also a reward from the royal family. In this way, the disadvantage comes, for these public land, the people are not willing to work hard, anyway, it is not their own arable land, why bother?

As a result, all countries have changed their laws, such as Lu and Qi, implementing new tax laws, ordering that both public and private land must be taxed per mu, which is considered a disguised recognition of private ownership of land, and Wei, Zhao, Han and other countries also recognized that these newly reclaimed lands belong to the reclaimers by allowing the nobles to lead the people to reclaim the cultivated land. The most outstanding thing was the Qin state, which directly recognized the private ownership of land, allowed buying and selling, and allowed the Qin people to cultivate and cultivate their own land.

That is, there were peasants in the Qin state, and peasants in other countries .... That's called a slave.

There is the most obvious gap between the king of Qin and the kings of other countries, that is, in the distribution of resources, because of the completion of private ownership of land, the king of Qin can directly tax the whole country, and can concentrate on the allocation of materials throughout the country, while the rest of the princes are just a big lord in the country, and the six countries are richer than the Qin state, and these resources cannot be directly mobilized in a unified manner, so they will naturally not be the opponents of the Qin state.

Of course, because all countries are moving closer to the system of the Qin State, the land issue has also become strange, in the Zhao State, there are real feudal kings, there are fictitious feuds, there are nobles who have a large amount of land that cannot be sold, there are also nobles who have their own private land, there are people who depend on the nobles for farming, and there are also people who own some land and pay taxes directly to the monarch. Zhao Kuo inquired seriously, and the disciples were also recording quickly.

Zhao Kuo did not like the private ownership of land in Qin, it was this system that made China continue to carry out the cycle of dynasties, the landlords annexed the land, so that the people did not have a good life, and then there was turmoil, overthrow the old landowners, and distribute the land again, and then after a period of time, the land was annexed to the landlords again, and the people could not live... However, in today's view, the private ownership of land in the Qin State seems to be the most suitable system for today.

At the very least, he let the people own their own land and mobilized the enthusiasm of the people.

But the problem is that after Zhao Kuo investigated, he was surprised to find that the tax rate of Zhao State is five taxes and four, what is this concept? Eighty percent tax rate! Thou hast worked hard for a year, and hast a hundred stones of grain, and thou hast to pay eighty of them... If there is a war, you have to continue to talk to you, is this to force the people to death? Of course, the tax rate of the Qin State is not much better, the Qin State is three taxes and two percent, about sixty-six percent?

You know, in the later Han Dynasty, the tax rate was thirty taxes one. Of course, this is also because the Han Dynasty did not need to be ready for war at all times, and when it fought against the Xiongnu later, the Fu was not less, which was even harsher than the Fu during the Warring States Period.

Nowadays, no one can laugh at anyone, because everyone is more or less the same in terms of taxation. The most bitter is probably the people, although the taxes of the Qin State are high, but the people can reclaim the land by themselves, as long as they are diligent enough and do not die of exhaustion in the cultivated land, there is still a way to live, for the people of other countries, they may be attached to the nobles, and they may be able to live.

Zhao Kuo sighed, he remembered the emotion of Confucius in the past: Harsh government is fiercer than a tiger.

When Confucius and Zilu passed by Mount Tai, they saw a miserable woman, whose relatives were all bitten to death by tigers in the mountains, leaving her alone kneeling in front of the grave and crying, when Confucius asked her why she didn't leave here, the woman replied, because there are no cruel decrees here. Confucius sighed: The brutal decree is more fierce and terrible than the tiger!

Zhao Kuo carefully calculated the grain production of the people. A sturdy laborer can cultivate fifty acres of arable land, and he himself will spend about thirty stones of corn in a year, and one acre of three stones, which is about a sturdy laborer who cultivates fifty acres of arable land, and can get one hundred and fifty stones of grain, and if he has to pay one hundred and twenty stones of grain, he can leave thirty stones...

Oh, just enough food for him to eat for a year.

This ghost tax has actually reached this point!

Of course, this is just a calculation, a family can not all be strong laborers, nor can it always be smooth, and what is even worse is that the laborers in the family who can cultivate fifty acres of arable land have to spare a month every year to practice, and a month to serve in forced labor, that is, to help build roads, build palaces, etc., and also go to the battlefield from time to time.

Zhao Kuo suddenly realized the despair of the people of Zhao who stayed behind after hundreds of thousands of soldiers gathered in Shangdang.

Zhao Kuo asked a lot more about the situation, and talked about the night, everyone didn't dare to disturb Zhao Kuo's rest, the villagers left, Zhao Kuo sat in the inner room, Han Fei sat in front of him, Zhao Kuo frowned, and said seriously: "Five taxes and four, it's too high, if I want to formulate a reasonable tax, I must come up with a tax rate that is both reasonable and will not seriously weaken the national strength, I need you to help me..."

"Old .. Old.. The teacher was right. Han Fei said, he recalled seriously, and said slowly: "I.. I.. When I was in Korea, I bet... According to what Han Fei said, because of the different landowners, although the taxes in South Korea are high, there are very few that actually enter the national treasury, because they have to experience layers of exploitation, and even some arable land is hidden.

Han Fei wanted to follow the example of the Qin State to implement the overall private ownership of land, and then on the basis of the monarch bypassing the nobles and directly collecting taxes from the peasants, he would tax according to the way of four taxes and one, Han Fei said a lot of his own opinions, but Zhao Kuo shook his head, Zhao Kuo said seriously: "I think that it should be adjusted in order according to the grain production situation of various places, according to the grain output of a family in a year..."

The amount of arable land owned by each family is different, some arable land is fertile, some arable land is barren, if all of them are taxed at a flat rate, this is still a little unreasonable, it is better to set a quota.... Han Fei also had his own opinions, Zhao Kuo and Han Fei talked all night, without rest, until the rooster crowed, Zhao Kuo realized: It was already dawn.

These days, Zhao Kuo is very busy, he set up a school room in Mafu, allowing all those who want to learn to learn, even those from humble backgrounds, can also come to learn, therefore, soon, Mafu gathered a group of poor people, old and young, they all want to follow Mafu Jun to learn knowledge, of course, Zhao Kuo will also help those poor disciples who come to study, but are penniless, and can only nibble on scones once a day.

Regarding the matter of medical officers, he did not relax, under his call, famous doctors from all over the country are rushing to Handan, and King Zhao also agreed to Ma Fujun's request, set up a doctor with the army, and a medical officer to treat the people in various places, and set up a doctor with a belt, a pediatric doctor, a doctor with five senses, and a wounded doctor, they received Yulu and distributed it to the county Cheng, responsible for treating the people in the county.

Doctors in this era, the most eager is to be able to become the king's personal doctor through their superb medical skills, to obtain a prominent position, now of course is a good opportunity, in Zhao State as an official, this is a good opportunity to show their medical skills, maybe they can be left by Ma Fujun, become Ma Fujun's doctor! Zhao Kuo also wants to meet Zhao Wang's personal doctor, and he will be in charge of setting up a school to teach doctors...

In addition to promoting medicine, Zhao Kuo also wanted to solve the problems of taxation, land, and forced labor. No matter how difficult it is, he must find a way to save the people who are already desperate in this era... And when it comes to getting countries to follow suit and drive change in all countries, Zhao Kuo may be the only one who can make it happen.

Qin State, Xianyang

Good news came frequently from the battlefield of Nanyang, which made King Qin happy and worried, that is, Fan Ju, and he didn't say anything more in the near future, the effect of Bai Qi rushing to the battlefield was extremely obvious, and the soldiers who came to report said that General Bai Qi had attacked Chen Du. However, today, King Qin and Fan Ju are sitting together, not because of the things on the battlefield, but because of Ma Fujun's letters.

Ma Fujun wrote a letter to King Qin again, which made King Qin extremely excited, just like a fan who got a reply from an idol. The letter was sent by Fan Ju, King Qin looked at the letter seriously, was silent for a moment, and then handed the bamboo slip to Fan Ju, King Qin sighed: "Fortunately, Ma Fujun is not in the Chu State...", Fan Ju picked up the letter and read it seriously, there is nothing to say, but Zhao Kuo hopes that the King of Qin can forgive the captured Chu soldiers and not kill them in vain.

Fan Ju thought for a moment, and then his face changed greatly, this bamboo slip came to Xianyang, and it took several months, that is to say, Zhao Kuo realized very early on that the Qin State was secretly replacing Bai Qi? He even expected that Bai Qi would defeat the State of Chu and capture the soldiers of the State of Chu? Fan Ju raised his head and looked at King Qin, who shook his head and said; "The widow hasn't waited for Wu Anjun's good news, and Ma Fujun has already given the answer, it seems that Wu Anjun can win a big victory in this war."

Fan Ju didn't speak, King Qin smiled and smiled, and suddenly his face became hideous, and he said angrily: "Both civil and military!" A virtuous man who is both civil and military! Zhao Dan, what kind of virtue does he have?! Fan Ju quietly listened to King Qin curse King Zhao with the most vicious words, King Qin scolded for a long time, then stopped, he sighed, and said: "It's a pity, such a person can't be used by a widow..."

"King, what should I do with Wu Anjun?"

"The captive thing? What does Uncle Fan think he should do? ”

Fan Ju said calmly: "Immediately order Wu Anjun and ask him not to kill the prisoner." ”

King Qin frowned, and said solemnly: "Weakening the Chu State is the strategy you proposed, if the purpose of releasing those prisoners and weakening the Chu State has not been achieved, but it has consumed the national strength of the Qin State out of thin air, how can this be?" What's more, the widow heard that the Chu people had killed the soldiers of the Qin State, and they had no mercy, so why should we let them go? ”

Fan Ju said again: "Let these soldiers of the Chu State live, we can better achieve the goal of weakening the Chu State... I will let these 300,000 people become my helpers to weaken the Chu State... This is more advantageous than killing them...", he squinted his eyes and said seriously: "In the past, Han Fei once asked Ma Fujun about the method of war, and he said: Quickly gather troops, and occupy the enemy's main roads and cut off their communication while the enemy has not yet reacted..."

Fan Ju talked about Zhao Kuo's matter, and King Qin became serious, Fan Ju said with a smile: "The method that Ma Fujun said is indeed very useful, and this is very suitable for Wu Anjun, Wu Anjun originally likes to march quickly and win by surprise... Since we have used what he said about sports warfare and information warfare, why don't we use the ideological warfare that Ma Fujun said together? ”

"Let the soldiers know what to fight for, and defeat the enemy ideologically..."

King Qin was not moved by Fan Ju because of Ma Fujun, he frowned and said, "No.. The widow doesn't know if this ideological war can weaken the Chu State, but the widow knows that killing these soldiers of the Chu State will definitely weaken the Chu State, and the widow doesn't like to do unpredictable things. ”

"O king... If Wu Anjun killed 300,000 soldiers... What will you reward him? 300,000 heads? What kind of reward do you deserve? ”

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King Qin was stunned for a moment, frowning, and didn't say a word, but he was a little shaken.

Fan Ju walked out of the palace, and he laughed.

What kind of person is Wu Anjun? How could he let those captives go?

As long as he disobeyed the king's orders and killed the captives privately.... Well, Wu Anjun, please go all the way.

ps: I haven't had any book reviews to copy recently, so I'm so tired of writing.