The Mohists were undoubtedly the most prominent schools of the day, and in the beginning, the Mohist doctrine and the Yang Zhu doctrine divided the world equally and became the two most popular schools, which made Mencius complain. And now, Mohist and Confucianism have become the two most popular schools, so that Han Fei can't help but complain, oh, not complaining, but reprimanding. From the early Warring States period to the present, the Mo family has never been lonely, and since the death of Mozi, the Mo family has gradually been divided into three factions.

Xiangli's ink, that is, Qin Mo, this line inherited Mozi's doctrine on scientific and technological manufacturing, very pragmatic, constantly conducting scientific and technological research, manufacturing more advanced tools, weapons and the like for Qin, they think that only Qin can complete the ideal society in their hearts for them, in fact, this Mojia also supports unification, they are the most fanatical and reverent to Zhao Kuo, because Zhao Kuo said that the world is a king, which is exactly what they are pursuing.

At the beginning, Mozi's Shangtong thought was vaguely put forward the idea of unity, therefore, this Qin Mo also inherited this, they talked about Shangtong, Tianzhi (according to the rules, according to the charter to operate), Fei Le (abolish the cumbersome and extravagant bell making and playing), some places coincide with the Legalists, and Zhao Kuo's theory is also very similar, but these people will not leave the Qin State to find Zhao Kuo, because they have more important things to do in the Qin State.

They served as craftsmen or craftsmen in the Qin State, and the King of Qin asked them to teach more craftsmen, or develop more good things, by the way, those who developed advanced technology could also be promoted.

Deng Ling's ink, of course, is Chu Mo, most of them are active as chivalrous people, everywhere to do righteousness, they oppose the wars of various countries, thinking that these wars are launched by the magnates for their own interests, not conducive to the people, they measure the world by their own values, inherited Mozi's non-attack, thrift, funeral and other doctrines, they are more to help weak countries to resist the invaders, and the invaders in these years, only Qin.

Therefore, the relationship between Chu Mo and Qin Mo was very rigid, and the contradictions between the two sides were no less than the contradictions with Confucianism. These rangers of Chu Mo, with swords, go around chivalrous and righteous, help the weak, those who need help, get rid of those who bully the weak, and the ranger culture that prevailed in the Han Dynasty later came from Chu Mo, keeping their promises, helping the weak, and not greedy for money, this is the label on them.

The last type of Mohist, the Xiangfu of Qi, this school is a school of scholars who mainly debate, they travel to various countries, teach the Mohist idea of love, they oppose the use of violence to solve problems (even including uprisings), hoping to achieve peace in a soft way, of course, they inherited some of Mozi's ideas in logic, and Gongsun Long's ideas are intersecting, and it is this school that has debated with Gongsun Long for a long time.

They are not only good at logic, but also have their own research in mathematics, optics, etc., but they are now in decline, just because, they recognize non-attack, and they recognize Shangtong, they want to unify in a peaceful way, and they want to appoint kings through elections.... It can be seen that they also inherited Mozi's national ideology, that is, the democratic election system, from the king to the officials, all need to be elected.

Among these three types of Mo families, only Chu Mo was the most opposed to Zhao Kuo, because Zhao Kuo's great unification was to encourage the nations to fight, which was an unjust war. Qin Mo respected Zhao Kuo, but Qi Mo recognized the advanced systems mentioned in the Ma Fu book.

Zhao Kuo did not stop reading after coming to this era, originally he only read the art of war, but now he is studying the doctrine of a hundred schools, the books of the Mo family, he reads the most, because many of the Mo family's remarks can always shock them, whether it is a very advanced election, or mathematics, logic and other aspects of attainment, or those simple philosophical thoughts, all make Zhao Kuo feel a kind of cordiality.

And when he heard that Dong Chengzi had caught a batch of ink that was hostile to him, he immediately understood that this was Chu Mo.

He asked Dong Chengzi to release these people and bring them to himself. When the soldiers escorted these knights to Zhao Kuo, Zhao Kuo found that these people had no resentment or fear, they were very indifferent, and they were also looking at Zhao Kuo. Zhao Kuo looked at these ink men who were dressed in simple clothes and straightened up, and suddenly sighed and shook his head.

"If you want to kill us, you can do it at any time, but please don't insult us like that." , Their leader spoke, the leader was a middle-aged man, looking very serious, with thick eyebrows and big eyes, which reminded Zhao Kuo of a comedian in later generations, Zhao Kuo asked them to sit down, their weapons had already been taken away, and there were still many soldiers standing around to watch them.

Zhao Kuo asked the soldiers to leave and sat facing each other with these ink masters.

"Please don't get me wrong, I'm not trying to insult the second and third sons." Since the death of Confucius, Confucianism has been divided into a number of factions, each faction has inherited a little of Confucius's knowledge, and they often quarrel with each other because of different ideas, but each of them has developed something of its own, constantly updating their own doctrines and thoughts. ”

"They did not give up the benevolence that runs through the ideas they have learned, and on the basis of benevolence, they have made greater breakthroughs and absorbed a lot of things."

"However, the original Xianxue Mohists were also divided into three factions, each of which also inherited some of Mozi's learning, but none of the three schools of Mozi had ever developed their own ideological content, and even reduced Mozi's doctrine and theory... Mozi's doctrine cannot be used alone, it is a multifaceted interpretation of an ideal society, a way to realize it... If a self-justifying academic is so separated, and even the inherited doctrine is reduced, aren't the second and third sons afraid that the Mo family will completely die? ”

The ink artists were a little surprised, they looked at Zhao Kuo in front of them, Zhao Kuo looked a little distressed, as if he was... Grief for the decline and fall of the Mo family?? The leader looked at him seriously, and he was not sure whether Zhao Kuo was humiliating them, he summed up his words, and then said: "Mozi said: To know a knowledge, or whether things are correct, you need to look at three understandings. ”

"The first is based on the historical experience of the ancient holy kings recorded in history, the prosperous times in history are all periods of no war and peace, so we Chu Mo want to say non-attack, that is, we want to make the world peaceful. The second is that based on the feelings and experiences of the people, the people of the world hate war, and the people hate the invaders, which is why we should help the weak against the strong. The third is to base on whether the results of political practice are in line with the interests of the state and the people. ”

"I think that there is no war, the king does not oppress the people for his own personal interests, everyone loves each other and does not hurt each other, this is the most correct, how can you..."

Before the leader's words were finished, Zhao Kuo stood up angrily, pointed at him and scolded: "Mozi has such a doctrine, why don't the second and third sons study it seriously?" Why not go to inheritance? Hundreds of years have passed, why not develop it?! Zhao Kuo paced back and forth angrily, he said: "Mozi divides war into justice and injustice, and wants to see a world where there is peace and no war, and he doesn't want to see the people at the bottom suffer, so he proposes to love... Saving use, saving funeral..."

"What a good doctrine, why don't the second and third sons think about how to achieve this? How can we end the war and make peace in the world? Can it be achieved by helping the weak to resist the strong? As long as there is division, the war will not stop ... Saving use, is it for the second and third sons to use sparingly? Why didn't the king accept the proposal of the second and third sons, and let the nobles use it sparingly?? They save a mouthful of food, and the people can feed their stomachs for a month!! ”

"And love... What is it necessary to get people to live in harmony? The threat of relying on two or three sons? Or through Mozi's doctrine of Tianzhi, clear rules and regulations are used to stipulate that people live in harmony and not harm each other? Using rules and regulations to prevent the aristocracy from harming the common people, isn't this what the second and third sons should pursue?! Ming ghosts, why does Mozi explain ghosts? Does he really believe in ghosts? ”

Then why did he oppose fate? Why is it said that people should rely on their own efforts rather than on the gifts of God? He wanted to make the nobles afraid through the doctrine of souls, he said that killing innocent people would be retaliated by the ghosts and gods, didn't this just want to stop the nobles from killing the people?! ”

"Why did the second and third sons go astray? Why not develop a system of rules and regulations that can be enforced by the state? Mozi said that let the people elect the officials, why let the people elect? This is because the officials do not love the people, and the people are powerless against them, so why not improve it, so that the people also have the right to supervise the officials, if the officials do something harmful to the people, so that the people have a way to appeal?! ”

The more Zhao Kuo spoke, the more angry he became, he looked at the ink man in front of him, but the Mozi who was born at the bottom, dressed in simple clothes, told the doctrine to everyone in the cultivated land and under the big tree, sighed the cruelty of the world, and imagined the ideal society. The doctrine of the Mo family has begun to decline, and after a while, they will be completely destroyed, and after the Western Han Dynasty, there will be no trace of the Mo family.

It's a shame that a doctrine that encompasses all things has disappeared like this... Nowadays, only the most declining Qi Mo has developed logic and simple materialist philosophy, ignoring the benevolence and righteousness of Confucianism, and directly putting forward the so-called "righteousness is profit". But Chu Mo went astray, perhaps because he enjoyed the pleasure of hoeing the strong and helping the weak, and finally lost himself and evolved a new group, the rangers.

Although Qin Mo paid attention to practice, but their research also went astray, Mozi's scientific research, including the limit theory, force is the driving force, the naïve view of time and space, small hole imaging, geometric theory, the three laws of mechanical design, etc., Mozi's research is not to create more advanced tools and weapons, he is using these knowledge fields to grasp the original meaning of life, to understand the truth of the world.

Looking at Zhao Kuo, who angrily explained Mozi's thoughts and scolded him, the Mozi people were all at a loss, how can it sound like you care more about the prosperity of the Mo family than we do? Especially the leader, when he heard Zhao Kuo expound Mozi's thoughts, the look of complaining about their lack of courage, he suddenly had the feeling that Mozi was standing in front of them and expressing his disappointment to them.

The leader wiped the sweat from his forehead, how could Ma Fujun study the Mo classics so deeply?

Zhao Kuo finished talking about his views on the Mo family, then sat down angrily, and no longer looked at the ink people in front of him, and the ink people did not speak, they were originally looking for Zhao Kuo to ask for guilt, and wanted to ask Zhao Kuo why he encouraged war and why he didn't pay attention to peace, but at this moment, after being scolded by Zhao Kuo, they were suddenly stunned, and the words that were ready to ask for guilt in their hearts were a little unspeakable at the moment.

"What do you think... What should we do? He shook his head and said with some pain: "Over the years, the Moshi has experienced a lot of wars, and we have died a lot of people, but we have not been able to change anything... War is not right, war is not right. He said, and said seriously: "You may not know that in Nanyang, Rushui is stained red with blood, and even water can't wash away those blood..."

"What do the people get out of war? It's the Qin people, isn't their life as good as a title? How many Qin people participate in the war every year, and how many survive in the end and get the title? It is the nobles at the top who get the most benefits, not the common people at the bottom. These wars are all selfish and inhumane! ”

Zhao Kuo was silent for a moment, and then said: "At the beginning, I had the same thoughts as you, I shuddered when I thought of the death of 400,000 people, and when I thought of my own death, I was so scared that I couldn't sleep... Like you, I hate war, I don't like death, but I find that this is something I can't change, as long as there are wars in all countries, there will be wars, and even if the countries are gone, wars will still exist. ”

He said seriously: "The people are living very hard, and the people have nothing to gain from the war, only disaster... I can fight back against Qin for Zhao, and as long as I'm alive, I can fight again and again, although I don't know if I can defeat the enemy, but I won't back down... However, I can protect the Zhao people for decades, but I can't protect them forever, I can keep my disciples, but the war will continue, and someone will still die. ”

"Only when Mozi said that making a person's caliber the standard, that is, a king of the world, will these successive wars end, at least, no one will kill each other... What I can do is to reduce the casualties in the war, and I persuade the King of Qin not to kill the captured soldiers and not to mutilate the local people... If I could see the world with my own eyes, perhaps I would persuade that king to let him rest and recuperate, and not to continue waging wars against foreign countries..."

"If you feel like there's nothing you can do now, look into the future and see what you can do for it... What about even a trivial preparation? I can't change the current war, but after reunification, maybe the doctrines and ideas I left behind will be able to play their role, and the new state will be able to reformulate taxes according to the content of my research, and a new land system can be implemented... It can allow the people to enjoy the welfare of unity, so as to avoid the outbreak of rebellion..."

"What do you say?" , Zhao Kuo suddenly asked.

These Chu Mo didn't say a word, the leader stood up, and immediately, the disciples behind him also stood up. They bowed down to Zhao Kuo, and then turned to leave, neither agreeing nor objecting.

I don't know when, Dong Chengzi appeared behind them, and when he saw that these people wanted to leave, he said: "Second and third sons, I am making laws and want to establish a system of rules and regulations that is beneficial to the people, if you can, please stay and help me." ”