Section 105 Test artillery
The first battle between land and sea has come to an end, and more people are eager to see the power of the first homemade firearm of the time-traveler in this time and space.
Lin Shenhe temporarily acted as an artillery instructor, and demonstrated the entire firing process of the smoothbore gun. Smoothbore guns in the 17th century in Europe has formed a set of relatively standardized firing procedures, there are many different special equipment, in addition to ammunition, the most important thing on the gun carriage is the loading tool. It can be said that this cannon cannot be fired without a loading tool. In battle, after the infantry cavalry attacked the artillery position and occupied the position, if the time was too short to drag it away or destroy the artillery, they would try to destroy the loading tools. In the same way, if the artillerymen need to abandon the guns and flee for their lives, the first thing they should do is to take away the reloading tools, first, to prevent the enemy from attacking us with these guns immediately, and secondly, if they can recapture their positions, they can open fire immediately if they have the reloading tools.
"What the hell is this?" Ying Yue took these long and short wooden poles and looked back and forth, and said with emotion. He was a dignified 130mm cannon artillery veteran, and now he actually asked a young man who had never been a soldier to teach him how to shoot artillery.
This set of filling tools was drawn by Lin Shenhe one by one The size and shape were then jointly manufactured by the lumber mill and the machinery factory: the first is a cannon brush, the top of the wooden pole is wrapped in wool, and it is used to extinguish the residual sparks in the cannon chamber after dipping it in water, and the artillery team has no wool inventory records in the database for a long time, so it is replaced by kapok first, and the second is a dry cannon brush, which is similar to the previous one, and the function is to wipe off the water left by the previous steps; A wooden pole with a vortex spiral iron hook on the top was used to remove any pieces of paper or fibers that might remain in the chamber of the cannon - the charges of European artillery at that time had already been rationed packets, and the fires were wrapped in paper or flannel according to the quantity; The head bulging is the loading rod, which is stuffed with fire yao and projectiles. Zuihou also had an ignition stick, the original version was more complicated, and Lin Shenhe simplified it and replaced it with a captured short spear wrapped around the fire rope.
"Let's start the test launch now." After several simulated dumb shots, Lin Shenhe saw that everyone had basically mastered the full shooting process. It was decided to start shooting in earnest.
Shiyan shoots, the simplest is to shoot directly at the sea, but there are no reefs or islands on the sea off Bopu, so it is impossible to measure the actual distance of the shells, and the shooting range Zuihou chose is still a wasteland in the port area, close to Lingaojiao.
Targets were set up at the shooting range, and twelve small mounds were formed with mounds of earth, divided into three groups, ranging from 400 meters, 800 meters to 1,200 meters. Another pole was erected 1,500 meters away.
"Report, how to aim?" Ying Yue has already entered the role of artilleryman. He suddenly found that his artillery knowledge had all failed in front of this gun, and he didn't know how to use the sight on the barrel or how to calculate the angle.
"Use this." Lin Shenhe unloaded a small suitcase from the car in front, this box is completely different from the bare board wooden box produced by the Bopu wood processing factory, and it is a product of old age and excellent workmanship.
"This is a real 18th-century artillery measuring kit that I brought with me from the United States."
"This cow B?" The artillerymen's heads were squeezed over to see this 19th-century antique.
There is something similar to an angler inside, which is a measuring tool nailed into a right-angle shape with two copper rulers, one long and one short, and there is a 1/4 arc ruler connected between the two rulers, and a scale is engraved on it. Lin Shenhe said that this is called a gun gauge, and the use of the gun gauge is to measure the elevation angle of the gun.
He showed everyone how to use it, inserting the long handle into the muzzle of the gun, and reading the elevation angle of the barrel on the radian ruler through the vertical weight.
"What's the use of this angle?" Lin Shenhe said, "In fact, it has to be combined with the shooting table." He showed everyone a table engraved on the inside of the lid, all in English, with a lot of numbers.
"This is the shooting meter, the so-called shooting meter, which is the specific shooting data obtained by the factory after the target test before the gun leaves the factory. For example, with a solid bullet with a charge of 1 pound and an increase of 5 degrees, how far can the shell hit. This table shows data not only for solid shells, but also for grenades, shrapnels, and incendiary bombs. β
"It's also on modern artillery." Ying Yue recalled the firing table on the 130 cannon he had operated.
"That's right, that's how the concept of firing watches on modern artillery came about, but the Yankees who fought with me said that this thing originated very early, in the 16th century."
The word "cannon" gives an obscene smile on the countenance of an individual.
"With the meter, the gunners can know what angle to adjust the gun to as long as they can estimate the distance." Lin Shenhe picked up another copper square plate with wire.
"This is the gauge, the artillery rangefinder at that time." He introduced the principle and use of the following ranging. This is a simple mathematical tool for calculating distances using the principle of similar triangles, and it is certainly not worth mentioning to a well-educated traveler.
"Does this thing make sense, though?" Zhang Bolin was puzzled and asked, "We all hope for telescopes, and we can roughly measure the distance with telescopes, right?" There are also specialized instruments. β
"If you want to build an indigenous artillery unit, this is just right for them, it is easy to manufacture, and it is not difficult to use. Don't feel sorry for it. β
"This is a ruler, but it's actually a special scale, which is used to measure the amount of fire." Lin Shenhe took out another copper ruler.
As the propellant of artillery, Western gunners believe that the ideal charge value is when the fire is completely burned, the shell just shoots out of the muzzle, early, waste the fire, late, the friction between the wall of the barrel and the shell will reduce the muzzle velocity of the cannonball.
Of course, this ideal value is difficult to achieve, but gunsmiths have been testing the best ratio of ammunition with shiyan, and since the 16th century, European gunsmiths have included a gun ruler on every batch of guns that leave the factory. It is used by gunners to calculate the charge when using different ammunition.
With a ruler, the gunner can roughly calculate the approximate charge of a projectile of different weights with a simple calculation. It can not only save fire, enhance the safety of artillery shooting, but also greatly benefit the accurate calibration of the firing range. This jishu was introduced to China by Western missionaries in the 17th century. Although China claims to be the earliest invention of firearms, there is basically no research in gunnery, the concept of the ratio of ammunition to ammunition is relatively vague, and the loading of firearms is very arbitrary, and when the battle is fierce, a large number of firearms will be loaded, which often causes the artillery to explode. Therefore, the introduction of the ruler was quickly regarded as a "secret method", so much so that many of the fire weapons books published at the time either did not mention it at all, or mentioned it at all.
China invented fire yao and cannons, but not artillery. This strange contrast makes everyone a little uncomfortable.
"Let's start shooting."
Since there was no shooting table available, the traverser fired from 0 degrees from the barrel.
The first thing to try out was a gun made of traditional cast iron jishu. Several men moved the gun carriage and aimed the rudimentary crosshair on their barrels at a mound of earth four hundred meters away.
"This precision-" Ying Yue felt a bit like an adult, but he was playing with children in kindergarten.
Smoothbore gun shooting is divided into 11 steps, because it is cold shooting, the first and second steps are dispensed with, the fire yao is the chemical team with the captured black fire yao granulation process of fine grain fire yao, wrapped in coarse paper, each package of 250 grams.
"Two packs, right?"
"Okay, two packs."
A 6-pound round round shell rolled through the muzzle of the gun, and there was no hindrance to the sound. This clearance was not bad, and Zhang Bolin carefully pressed the ammunition firmly with the loading rod -- this is considered jishu work, and it cannot be pressed too tightly, otherwise it will form a smoldering phenomenon and will not break out.
Lin Shenhe immediately used a long iron cone to reach through the ignition port, break the medicine bag, and then fill the ignition port with fire.
"Ready to shoot!" With his shout, the people next to him hurriedly raised a red flag. The reminder is about to fire.
βFireοΌβ
"Foreign slaves!" Someone in the Navy commented.
With Lin Shenhe's roar, Ying Yue, who was in charge of the ignition work, blew the fire rope wrapped around the short iron spear and came to the ignition port - his heart was beating so hard that the recruits were not so nervous when they even came out to shoot live ammunition for the first time.
The black flame on the ignition snorted, and the ignition spewed out a half-foot-long spark like a firework, hissing and screaming. In an instant, the cannon slammed backwards, spewing out thick white smoke and fire, and with the roar of the cannon, a black cannonball flew out.
"Banzai!" The Navy cheered.
"Traitor! Absolute traitor. Zhang Bolin muttered.
The iron bullet flew out four hundred meters away with the green smoke, and smashed solidly on the ground, and the earth and the embers of the fire flew together.
"It's fierce." Zhang Bolin's face is like earth. The artilleryman apparently never really saw the firing of a cannon. The violent explosion, the vibration of the back seat of the cannon, and the spicy smell of fire made people feel the power of this thing. Compared with the past trial release of various miscellaneous artillery and large firecrackers, the feeling is completely different.
The cannon moved back a few meters, but the barrel and frame were intact. Lin Shenhe didn't care about the heat of the artillery and the choking smell of gunsmoke, and carefully inspected it on his body.
"How?" Ji Wusheng was a little worried, after all, casting cannons was also a first thing in his life.
"Everything works."
"Don't be careless, let's see if there are cracks or something-" Zhan Wuya reminded that the cast iron cannon is no better than the cannon from the modern arsenal, "By the way, I still have a flaw detector, do you want to pull it back and take a look?" β
"There's no need for it." Lin Shenhe thought that this was too extravagant, "The flaw detector will be used when casting steel cannons in the future." β
Ying Yu also ran over, his face stained with black smoke from Huoyao: "The cannon is okay, right?" β
"It's okay, it's sturdy."
"Let's go and see what the shells are doing."