Chapter 64 The Field System

After all, don't look at the officials are all untouchables, but many of them are very rich.

If you eat the food of the government, the money is easy to get. It's just that they don't have social status.

There are quite a number of officials who actually want to get rid of their physical status, but there is no way, and now that they have a way, they naturally want to fight hard and enter the ranks on the right path.

In addition, Zhu Qizhen also ordered that these officials were allowed to apply directly for the school of the Beijing Division, or recommended by the magistrate, and they could be transferred from Xu officials to officials.

It's just that you have to be transferred to a field to take up a post.

In addition, it is precisely because the reform of the Xu officials is so important that Zhu Qizhen has put the reform of the Xu officials in a trend that almost coincides with the canal economic belt.

This is the strategic layout of Zhu Qizhen.

The economy of the Ming Dynasty is light in the north and heavy in the south.

Even though Zhu Qizhen has worked hard for so many years, it has not changed the situation, but the two sides have balanced a little.

Beijing's best economic zone is along the canal economic belt, and of course, there is also some development in the coastal ports. But it's still not as good as the South.

Zhu Qizhen wants to use policy guidance to bring the economy of the north and south of the Ming Dynasty closer again.

After all, Beijing is in the north. The economy is the foundation of politics, and economic imbalances are likely to affect Beijing's right to speak.

The edict issued by Zhu Qizhen in the thirty-second year of orthodoxy is only these three things.

It's not that Zhu Qizhen's law change policy is just these three ways.

But this is what Zhu Qizhen was able to pass after consulting with the cabinet. And many more things cannot be passed, at least not to the point where a mutually acceptable solution has not been negotiated.

Because Zhu Qizhen's focus is on the land issue.

If it is said that the amnesty decree is just a hard push forward in accordance with the attitude that Taizu Taizong has always adhered to, the ban is to use a knife to gently open a small opening in the Ming system. Abolishing the order to change officials is a small operation.

So about the land, about the problem of the land system, it is a major operation related to the life and death of the Ming Dynasty.

After all, Daming is an agricultural country, and the most important issue is agriculture, and the most important issue in agriculture is the land issue.

This is the foundation of the entire Ming Dynasty.

A clear zhang made many people panic.

Not to mention, Zhu Qizhen still wants to make a big move.

It's just that from Zhu Qizhen's point of view, he has no choice.

In the Ming system, it was very problematic for the people to even leave their own counties, and they were all tied to the land. Those who ignore the boundaries of the county government are either scholars or outcasts and robbers.

Industrialization required a large number of agricultural people to move into cities.

In fact, the handicraft industry in Jiangnan is developed, and there is such a model.

How did Suzhou get more people than Beijing?

But these from the peasantry

The population from villages to cities was not under the control of the Ming court. This kind of urban development is also in a very disorderly state.

The situation in Shanghai before the liberation of China can illustrate many problems.

Although there is no Green Gang in Suzhou, there is a fight, which is also a night pot to help people solve problems.

This is why Zhu Qizhen has returned to the reason that he must abolish the officials, and the degree of management of an industrialized society is completely different from that of an agricultural society.

Zhu Qizhen's purpose of reforming the land system is twofold, one is to free the people from personal shackles, so that they can enter the city to work and provide an industrialized population. The second is to find ways to reduce the burden on the people.

After all, the people of the Ming Dynasty are really bitter in general.

But these two requirements seem simple, but there are various problems to be solved.

The first thing that supports the grassroots operation of the Ming Dynasty is taxation.

The taxes are mainly summer and autumn grains, and the taxes are mainly all kinds of labor.

The basic unit for paying summer and autumn grain is ding, and the basic unit for servitude is also ding.

The tax itself is not too heavy, but it is a little too much labor, and all kinds of things. Let the magistrates have to keep the people on the land.

Otherwise who served for the imperial court.

Although on the whole, the north is more important than service, and the south is more important than grain. But neither side wants to leave the people from the land.

If you want people to leave the land, there are ways in history.

That is a whip method, that is, spread into acres.

From now on, the county will have to pay for the labor and pay the people, and all this will be paid from the taxes.

The landless people were not burdened with taxes and servitude.

In this way, the county has no requirements for them, and naturally there is the possibility of free movement. There is no need for the population to be concealed.

It has reduced a great burden on the people at the bottom.

There are so many benefits, it is simply a field system that goes hand in hand with industrialization.

As a result, a large number of the remaining people will pour into the city.

It's just that there are a lot of difficulties in this.

First of all, and most importantly, the burden of the imperial court is always borne by someone, and the landless people at the bottom are much easier, please think about which side has increased the burden.

Nature is a man with a lot of land.

And who is the person who has a lot of land? It is a powerful person in the Ming Dynasty, and these people overlap with many officials in the Ming Dynasty.

Therefore, Zhu Qizhen now wants to let the hundred officials pass this method and let them actively implement it, is it possible?

Secondly, it is a whip law, which also has its own drawbacks, and it is not too suitable for the whole country.

One of the most fundamental reforms of the whip law was to change from a tax in kind to a tax on money. But the common people grow grain, and they have grain, but where they have silver, they must sell it before they can have silver.

Among them, they will be exploited by profiteers.

And at the level of the imperial court, the Ming Dynasty

Didn't the imperial court need food? How is it possible, the Ming court's desire for food is not small at all.

There is also a lot of demand.

Even though Hebei is now a granary. However, the grain output of the north is still not comparable to that of the south. Therefore, the matter of transporting grain from the south to the north cannot be broken. And shipping in large quantities.

This may push down grain prices in Hebei and suppress the enthusiasm of farmers in Hebei for farming. But it is very important for the strategic security of the country.

If all the food is exchanged for money, it will be sold when it is needed.

Such a question arises.

Grain merchants will not make a loss-making transaction, they will never transport grain from far away and sell it to the government at a low price, they will only do one thing, that is, to sit on the ground and raise the price.

So invisibly, the tax changed from grain to silver, and then from silver to grain, with two discounts, and the court got less and less things in hand.

There is another problem, that is, the place that is too poor to adapt to a whipping method.

This place that is too poor actually refers to the north, especially the northwest region.

Northwest agriculture withered, even if Yu Qian was committed to recovery, but the mess left by hundreds of years could not be recovered by Yu Qian in more than ten years.

After all, Yu Qian is a human, not a god.

The core of a whip law, in fact, is to replace service with silver, which has the will of Wang Anshi's exemption law.

But for these poor people, there is no problem in letting them work for the government for a few days, anyway, the poor people's time is not valuable. Even if the county magistrate is soft-hearted, he may be able to mix a few mouthfuls of food at the government to save a little ration for his family.

But this time, you tell him. Let them hand over a little money, and they will not be used to serve.

This is not at all worse for these people.

Where do they have the money?

The grain output in the north is already less than that in the south, and in some places in the northwest, only a few buckets of grain can be obtained per mu of dry land, and compared with the average number of stones per mu of land in the south of the Yangtze River, there are even intensively cultivated paddy fields, which can reach between seven and ten stones.

It is several times the yield of land in the northwest.

Therefore, the northwest is bitter, and many people have exhausted all their strength to make ends meet. I can't bear a little burden anymore.

This is also the reason why, in the late Ming Dynasty, Shaanxi rebelled first.

Of course, it's because of the drought. But there is also a reason for the whiplash.

A whip law is a good government and a good law in the south, but in the northwest, it is a bad government, and it is barely able to live on weekdays, and once it is natural and man-made, it can only rebel.

These problems are real.

Zhu Qizhen actually didn't mention a specific whip method, just based on Qiu Jun's idea of matching Ding with Tian, and made a little play, as if he had stabbed a hornet's nest, and the entire court was noisy.

Zhu Qizhen had to hold several meetings to propose various solutions and solve these problems one by one.