In ancient times, martial arts exams were used to test techniques such as weightlifting, mounted archery, rifle archery, horse pistols, talent, and speech.

1. Carbine is a way to test the skill of using a gun right away. Specifically: broken wood for people, Dai Fang version on the top, where the four puppets, each other on the top. Galloping into the horse, carrying the gun left and right, touching the version of the version, and the person does not hesitate. The "carbine" class test method also stipulates that "the gun is one zhang and eight feet long, one inch and five minutes in diameter, and weighs eight catties." "The third or fourth edition is the first, the second edition is secondary, and the first and unsuccessful editions are secondary.

2. Foot shooting is a grass shooter, the middle is the top, although the law is not the second, although the law is not the second.

3. The material appearance is the selection of physical fitness. Those who are more than six feet tall and have a "majestic torso" are secondary, and those below are secondary.

4. The verbal requirements are to "respond in detail and have a look" in the class test questions, and those who can lead are the first, and those who are not secondary.

5. The martial arts system in Chinese history was founded in the Tang Dynasty. The prosperity of Wuju was in the Ming and Qing dynasties, especially in the Qing Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty was created very early, but the system has not been determined. The situation in the Qing Dynasty was very different, and the degree of attention was greatly greater than that of the Ming Dynasty. Coupled with the strong advocacy of the state, the system is becoming more and more strict, and the admission is relatively fair.

6. Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty initiated the martial arts examination for the selection of military generals. In the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed Wuke. Historically, Wu Zetian, who advocated the martial arts system, had performed about 500 times. Compared with the liberal arts examination, the martial arts examination is less important. The martial arts of the previous dynasties were sometimes abolished, and sometimes they were restored. And the status of the martial arts background is also lower than that of the liberal arts Jinshi.

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The imperial examination system, also known as the imperial examination and imperial examination system, is a system in ancient China that selected officials through examinations. Because of the method of selecting scholars by subject, it is called the imperial examination. The imperial examination system was implemented from the Sui Dynasty (605) to 1905, when the last Jinshi examination was held, which lasted for 1,300 years. The titles of champion and Xiucai in the imperial examination are still on the lips of Chinese to this day.

1. Children's birth

In the imperial examination system of the Ming and Qing dynasties, all scholars who practiced the examination industry, regardless of age, were called Tongsheng or Confucian children before they obtained the qualification of student (Xiucai). However, it should be noted that children are not exactly the same as students who have not been admitted to Xiucai. According to the historical records of the Ming Dynasty, only students who have passed the two examinations of the county examination and the government examination can be called children, and only those who become children are eligible to participate in the college examination, and those with outstanding results can become talents.

2. Show talent

The Sui Dynasty began to open a department to recruit scholars, and it was originally also for showmanship. In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, Xiu was a kind of regular examination. But later, the "Xiucai Branch" was abolished, and the word Xiucai once became a generic term for scholars. In the Song Dynasty, those who passed the local government test, whether they passed the rank or not, could be called Xiucai. Therefore, it was known as "not the first talent" at that time.

3. Lift people

In the Han Dynasty, there was no examination method, and the imperial court ordered the county and the state to recommend each other to promote talents, because they called the people they were raised by "lifting people". In the Tang and Song dynasties, there was a Jinshi department, and those who should be subject to the tribute were generally called the lifters. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the people who took the township test were called lifters, also known as the General Assembly and the Great Spring Yuan. If you are in the middle of a lift, it is called "liberation" and "development". It is customary to call people "lord", and the elegant name is filial piety.

4. Prisoners

Prison students are the abbreviation of Guozijian students. Guozijian is the highest institution of learning in the Ming and Qing dynasties, according to the regulations, it is necessary to pay tribute or shade to be eligible to enter the prison to study, the so-called shadow sheng is to rely on the official position of the father and ancestor to obtain the children of the bureaucrats, this kind of shadow is also called the shadow prison. Prisoners can also donate money, and this kind of prisoners are commonly known as regular prisoners, also known as donation prisons.

5. Jinshi

In the imperial examination system, those who pass the last level of the central government's imperial court examination are called jinshi. During the great cause of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the Jinshi subject was introduced. Tang also set up this subject, all candidates are called Jinshi, and those who take the test are called Jinshi. In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, after the Jinshi passed the palace examination, the first person was given a birth and was called a Jinshi. And it is divided into three grades: one class 3 people, give Jinshi and the first; The second and third grades, divided into Jinshi and Jinshi origin, are given the same Jinshi background.

6. Champion

In the imperial examination, the first person in the first place is called "Yuan", the first person in the township examination is called Xie Yuan, and the first person in the general examination is called Huiyuan. The first champion in the palace examination. In the history of China's imperial examinations, there have been millions of juju and more than 100,000 jinshi, and as the pinnacle of this huge group of intellectuals, there are only a handful of "champions".

7. The three-yuan imperial examination system in Lianzhong is called the first place in the township examination, the meeting examination, and the palace examination, which are Xie Yuan, Huiyuan, and Zhuangyuan, collectively known as "Sanyuan". He won the first place in the township examination, the general examination, and the palace examination one after another, and was called "Lianzhong Sanyuan". Lianzhong Sanyuan is the highest honor that ancient scholars aspired to under the imperial examination system, and there were very few scholars in ancient China who had won this title, with a total of 17 people Sanyuan and the first.

Zhang Sanjia.

In the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1898), Zhang Sanjia, the martial champion, was the last martial champion in the history of China's imperial examination.

In the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1901), the imperial court used martial arts to "learn the original bow, knife, stone and horse, and foot shooting, all of which have nothing to do with military affairs, and they are useless today, and the "edict" will stop forever. "Wu Keju has gone through the Tang, Song, Jin, Ming, and Qing dynasties, and so far, his life has come to an end.

Extend:

Zhang Sanjia, the word Dingchen, the number Kuixuan, also known as Rongjia, was born on October 5 in the year of Guangxu Bingzi of the Qing Dynasty (1876) in Hubu Zhai Village, Kaizhou, a poor and martial family. Since childhood, he has learned a lot of tricks due to the influence of his parents, and the long martial arts are refined, whether it is a gun, a knife, a sword, a halberd, a bow and arrow, a soft whip, etc., each has its own unique features, especially the big knife dance is known in the township, although his younger brother Guanjia and martial arts friends are studying and practicing hard at the same time with the top three, but they are not as skilled as the top three. His father saw that although Sanjia was fifteen or sixteen years old, he had become a big man, and he was also powerful, and he was a piece of material for learning martial arts, so he sent him to Yang Shibalang Village to worship Yang Guochang, a martial arts master in Kaizhou, as a teacher, in order to serve the country and glorify his ancestors. Master Yang carefully coached and instructed, and the top three strictly followed the teacher's training, studied hard, and his martial arts became better and better. The 180-pound martial arts knife is like a coiling dragon dancing, the number of sets is changeable, and the horse running and archery are 100 shots.

In the year of Guangxu Ding Younian (1897 AD), the top three went to the Daimyo Mansion to participate in the township test and won the martial arts, and the whole family and martial arts friends celebrated it. Most of the participants in the examination were children of wealthy families, they were gorgeously dressed, and most of them bribed the examiners with large sums of money to apprentice with the ministers of the imperial court. Only the top three cloth clothes are dressed and have no qualifications to enter the courtesy, which makes those who take the same examination look down on him and regard him as a "poor monkey". Before the exam, Prince Gong Yixin went to the school in civilian clothes to watch the Zhuzi drill, and saw that the top three tigers had their backs and bear waists, and they were proficient in routines, and they knew that they were not mediocre talents, so they took the initiative to accept them under the door, so the top three had a reputation without a penny. When the exam, the top three bows, knives, and stones are proficient, and the skills are overwhelming, ranking first, and Prince Gong Yixin is called "wise and talented" by his colleagues. For a while, the value of the "poor monkey" in the top three increased greatly, and he competed with the sons of the examination to be called brothers. During the palace examination, the top three danced a big knife weighing 180 pounds, flipped over and flew in the examination room, the knife dance was vigorous, the cold light was dazzling, and the dragon dived for a while, and the human knife fell to the ground, such as rolling in the waves; After a while, Kunpeng spread its wings and volleyed in mid-air, as if it had the potential to go straight to the sky. Emperor Guangxu Longyan was happy, and the invigilator was overjoyed, so the top three won the championship in one fell swoop, and the champion was hand-picked. This is the first place in the history of Kaizhou, and it is also the last martial champion under the imperial examination system in feudal society.

The last Wenju person in the Qing Dynasty was Liu Chunlin.

Liu Chunlin (1872-1944), known as Runqin, was called Shiyun. A native of Suning County, Hejian Prefecture, Zhili Province, China, and a member of the Jiachen Imperial Examination in the 30th year of Guangxu (1904 AD) in the late Qing Dynasty, he was also the last person in Chinese history, the so-called "the last person among the first people". Liu Chunlin is good at calligraphy, especially in small letters. The small block pen is delicate and strong, and it is deeply respected by the world. From time to time, it has the reputation of "big Kai learning Yan (Yan Zhenqing), small Kai learning Liu (Liu Chunlin)". He has published many small block characters such as "The Order of the Three Tibetan Saints of the Tang Dynasty" and "The Order of the Orchid Pavilion"; Large-print stickers are also published. Liu Chunlin's name has been included in the large-scale dictionary "Dictionary of Chinese Calligraphy" published by the Hong Kong Book Publishing House and the Guangdong People's Publishing House. Liu Chunlin suffered from heart disease, and after being hit by the Japanese puppet, his condition gradually worsened, and after many ineffective treatments, he died in Beijing on January 18, 1944 (another said that he died in 1942).