Chapter 7 Traditional Confucianism
The Zhu couple did not have a suitable candidate, so Zhu Hao's apprenticeship was put aside for the time being, but the two found that their son had been a little strange recently, in addition to practicing in the Zhenshan Dart Bureau, he didn't go wild, and if he had nothing to do, he soaked in the library and studied books tirelessly. Otherwise, you will sit in your room and tinker with some strange gadgets, or write and draw on some paper, and enjoy it.
Although the husband and wife felt strange about their son's behavior, they were still quite pleased, and Zhang Jinyu was afraid that his son was still a shallow learner, too hard to study, and tired.
But after finding several teachers in a row, Zhu Hao always shirked for various reasons, and Zhang Jinyu was also worried, but she didn't know that Zhu Hao, a later person, sneered at the Confucianism's eight-strand theory and Cheng Zhu Lixue at that time.
These things were completely denied in the textbooks of later generations, especially Cheng Zhu Lixue, which imprisoned the pioneering and enterprising thinking of the Chinese, so that there was no peak period of development of Chinese thought in the seven or eight hundred years since the Song Dynasty, and if the budding capitalism continued to develop in the late Ming Dynasty, it was very likely to break the ideological cage, but sadly, the Qing court took advantage of the chaos to enter the Central Plains, which made the Chinese's thinking stagnant for a long time, and was eventually surpassed by the West and reduced to fish and meat.
Zhu Hao lamented these whenever he thought of them, and hated these useless doctrines even more. No one in the Ming Dynasty wants to break this ideological cage, and it seems that they have a long way to go.
A few months have passed in the blink of an eye, although Zhu Hao has mastered a lot of knowledge through self-study, but because he has not systematically studied Mengxue, he knows little about some ancient books, and it is difficult to penetrate, and he can't help but be a little worried.
In the near New Year, the Zhu family opened a rice warehouse outside the city according to the custom, and gave porridge and rice to some beggars and poor people who could not celebrate the New Year.
Zhu Hao did not shirk, and went out of the city with a few family members and Li Dong, the son of the housekeeper Li Fu, this Li Dong is the same age as him, usually very clever, and has done a lot of things for Zhu Hao, and the two have a good relationship.
Although these poor people lack food and clothing, they are also safe and self-contained, and the vast majority of them honestly line up to receive rice, and occasionally a few scoundrels who want to cut in line are also beaten away by a few family members.
Zhu Hao was bored, when a sloppy scribe in his thirties swaggered over with a big bag much bigger than everyone else, and the people in line saw that this person came over and gave way, with gratitude and reverence on his face.
Zhu Hao looked strange, thinking that there was something wrong with this sloppy man, so he hurriedly asked Li Dong beside him. Li Dong explained rather strangely.
It turned out that this sloppy man's name was Song Jinglun, he was a prodigy in the township when he was a teenager, he was a showman, but he had a strange temperament, and he failed to pass the imperial examination three times in a row, and he was not angry, so he burned his sage book with fire, and then visited famous people all over the world, and learned a set of strange theories from somewhere, and went home to give lectures. At the beginning, there were many families who sent their children to listen to the lectures, and it didn't take long for most of them to quickly pick up their children, only some poor people read to let their children know a few more words, and they didn't care what he said, this person didn't charge money, and only charged a bag of grain for tuition, so there was still some fame in the ten miles and eight towns outside the city, and many villagers were very grateful to him.
After listening to Li Dong's words, Zhu Hao couldn't help but become interested in this Song Jinglun, and after asking his address, he asked Li Dong to prepare a cart of rice and personally escort it to this Xiucai's house the next day.
Song Jinglun's family is on the edge of a village ten miles away from Yangzhou City, with two thatched huts as homes and three simple thatched cottages as classrooms. More than a dozen children from poor families are reading aloud in the thatched hall.
Li Dong was just about to step forward and knock on the door, but Zhu Hao waved his hand and stood in front of the window to listen. Song Jinglun didn't notice Zhu Hao and his party before, but just buried himself in the lecture, but here Zhu Hao gradually opened his eyes wide, revealing a look of shock, and then turned into excitement and was overjoyed: Where is this poor and sour talent, talent, great talent! This is the real Confucianism, the original Confucianism that has been lost for thousands of years!
It turns out that this Song Jinglun is talking about Confucianism, but it is not the popular Cheng Zhu Lixue, but the traditional Confucianism in the pre-Qin period that has not been abridged by later generations, Zhu Hao read a lot of books during this time, just to find out this old antique, I didn't expect to hear it here, although this old Confucianism is far from his own ideological requirements, but it is also extremely difficult.
Later generations scoffed at Confucianism when they talked about it, believing that Confucianism was the ideological root of China's backwardness and the West, especially the national thought was overly benevolent, overemphasizing superficial things and ignoring practical significance. This is actually a misunderstanding, although Confucianism has the limitations of its roots, but because it was born in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the rulers of various countries have demanded to change the law and try to become stronger. Therefore, in order to stand out in the situation in which a hundred schools of thought are contending, in addition to proceeding from safeguarding the will of the ruling class, it is necessary to have its practical theory, which can guide the people and rely on the people to strengthen the country. Therefore, Confucianism in the pre-Qin period still has great practical value.
However, after the completion of the Qin and Han dynasties, the dynasties often implemented the policy of fooling the people to consolidate their rule, Confucianism emphasizes people-oriented, advocates the idea of giving full play to everyone's ability, is the essence of it, but this theory is not good for the ruling people, what they need is to honestly bow down to the people, so they have reformed Confucianism, and the essence of these useful and powerful people's thoughts has been taken out of context. Scholars only know the ethics of the general principles, full of benevolence, righteousness and morality, but in fact it is useless to govern the country and strengthen the country, and if they encounter turbulent times or periods when social contradictions are acute and need to be reformed, they will become a stumbling block to the development of new production relations.
To give an example, the Confucian scholars in the Ming and Qing dynasties have always adhered to the principle of "repaying grievances with virtue", and used this to maintain their own image and show their moral outlook as "cultural people", but they don't know that this is taken out of context. Confucius's original words were "repay grievances with virtue, how can you repay virtue?" We should repay grievances with straightforwardness and repay virtue with virtue". To put it bluntly, Confucius agreed with the principle of a tooth for a tooth, and Confucius himself was a martial man, so it was not that Confucius was pedantic, but that the disciples and grandchildren were fooled by the cautious emperors.
Zhu Hao listened to the sigh outside the window, as if he was fascinated, although some of them also sounded laborious, but it did not affect his enthusiasm at all, this listening was an hour, until the children who listened to the lecture were dispersed, Zhu Hao rubbed his numb legs, and suddenly thought: Standing in a military posture in college is much more difficult than this, how can I stand for a while and my back and legs hurt, it seems that this body needs to be exercised well.
Song Jinglun had already discovered this group of people, but he didn't break it, just looked at these strangers lightly. Zhu Hao stepped forward and saluted: "I have heard Mr. Song's name for a long time, listening to a class from Jun today, it is really like an empowerment, and I have benefited a lot, the kid is here to apprentice." "What to say to someone, although Zhu Hao is very annoyed by these crepe words, but in this era, he can't do it.
Hearing what he said, Song Jinglun was slightly taken aback, seeing that this young man's aura was born in a wealthy family, how could he praise my theory, could it be some conspiracy? Noncommittal and said: "Everyone in the world calls me a Song madman, because what I have learned is not orthodox, I think this little boy is also a big family, but why is he interested in my theory?" ”
Zhu Hao knew that he had some suspicions, and said with a smile: "Mr. don't care, I haven't gone to serious Mongolian school since I was a child, and I was enlightened by my parents at home, because I sneered at those people who were sour and sour in science, and only knew how to chant poetry and make the moon every day, pretending to be romantic, otherwise they would be full of benevolence and morality, and they would be orthodox, and they would point fingers at others, as if everyone in the world could manage everything in the world. ”
Zhu Hao originally talked eloquently, but the more he talked, the more angry he became, and finally gritted his teeth, the whole patriot who was worried about the country and the people! But Song Jinglun didn't care about this, staring at Zhu Hao's eyes became more and more eager, and after he finished speaking, he grabbed his shoulder and said excitedly: "Okay, good, little brother's words are really heartfelt, he is really my confidant, haha!" ”
Song Jinglun is called a madman, he is blinded everywhere, even if he accepts more than a dozen students, he is running for free literacy, today is the first time that someone agrees with his doctrine, every word of this young man can be said into his heart, ten years of depression swept away, the mood was cheerful, and he was not big or small, and Zhu Hao, who wanted to apprentice, called him a brother and a brother.
Zhu Hao didn't expect that this Song madman was really crazy, and he couldn't laugh and cry: "Sir, I'm here to apprentice." ”
"Hey, don't mention what to worship the teacher or not to worship the teacher, you don't know how lucky it is to have a confidant in life, I am six in my Chinese New Year's Eve this year, how many years old is the fool, you will call me a big brother, if the brother is not in a hurry today, go to the eldest brother's house and discuss it well." Seeing that Zhu Hao wanted to resign, he straightened his face and said angrily: "You don't want to worship me as your eldest brother, but you look down on me for being poor?" ”
Zhu Hao had no choice but to bow: "The eldest brother is on top, and the younger brother is worshipped." "I thought it was really an old-school Confucian figure, and he acted differently.
The two then walked hand in hand to Song Jinglun's house, Zhu Hao saw that the house was dilapidated, except for a stack of books, there was nothing else, and he couldn't help but feel a little sad, and said: "I didn't expect to be the first... The eldest brother is so poor, it is better to go to the younger brother's house to live. Song Jinglun didn't care, and resolutely refused, Zhu Hao couldn't put down the belongings he brought, Song Jinglun saw that he had good intentions, so he accepted it, and the two chatted.
Although Zhu Hao is small, but he is a man in two lives, the theory is novel and to the point, and Song Jinglun sighs every time, and he has also learned a lot from this big brother, and has benefited a lot, this Song Jinglun is not only proficient in ancient Confucianism, but also has a deep insight into the governance of civil affairs, but he is a talent who will establish his own team in the future.
The two brothers talked for two hours, and seeing that the time was not early, the two reluctantly parted, agreed on a date before leaving, and continued the discussion another day.