Chapter 1366: Whose First Merit

Su You was angry, he didn't bother to pay attention to the bald donkey who didn't open the pot, and turned to Zhang Xiangzhong to salute: "Brother, don't come to be harmed, I can see you today after a long absence, and I am overjoyed." ”

Zhang Xiangzhong took out a beautiful rectangular leather box from his sleeve: "What you once said, brought to you." ”

"Oh? What is it? Su You opened the leather box and found that there were three pens inside.

The barrel is made by Seluro, and on the front of the barrel, there is a metal nib.

It's three pens!

Since ammonium chloride can be prepared in large quantities by Hou's alkali method, its effect has been expanding by leaps and bounds.

In addition to being used as a raw material for fertilizers and explosives, the Celestial Master focuses on its medicinal value, as well as its role in dyeing auxiliaries, metal plating, tanning, candle making, adhesives, and precision casting.

In his research on platinum, Zhang Xiang found that ammonium chloride can greatly reduce the temperature required for smelting, and it can be refined against metals.

He even invented a term - chlorinated metallurgy.

This has played a huge role in promoting the development of precious metal smelting technology in Dasong.

Chlorination metallurgy is a method of separating, enriching, extracting and refining various metals by adding chlorinating agents such as chlorine, ammonium chloride, salt, calcium chloride and other raw materials to convert the metal to be extracted into chloride to prepare for the preparation of pure metals.

In areas where there is a surplus of salt, the cost of refining can be greatly reduced.

Today, the South China Sea, Hangzhou, and Shanghai have begun to use this method to smelt copper, and from the copper imported from Japan, the gold and silver are efficiently separated.

The little celestial master continued to study platinum metal, and has now isolated several metals that have coexisted with platinum for a long time, but belong to different metal compositions.

It's magical.

The platinum group metal concentrate or platinum group metal-containing anode mud is dissolved with aqua regia, and the precious metals are entered into the solution.

It is treated with hydrochloric acid, and then added ferrous sulfate to precipitate the gold.

Ammonium chloride is added, and platinum is precipitated by ammonium chloroplatinate.

Calcined ammonium chloroplatinate can obtain sponge platinum containing a color of more than 999.

After separating the platinum filtrate, adding excess ammonium hydroxide, acidifying it with hydrochloric acid, and heating and calcining the precipitate in hydrogen gas, another sponge metal with a purity of more than 997 can be obtained - in fact, palladium.

The above-mentioned insoluble matter treated with aqua regia, together with sodium carbonate, the traditional mineral herb borax, Tantra monk, and coke, can obtain a residue whose main component is lead, which the little celestial master calls - precious lead.

Most of the lead is removed by the ash blowing method, and then the silver is dissolved with nitric acid, and the residual lead, rhodium, iridium, osmium, and ruthenium are enriched in the residue.

This residue is fused with sodium bisulfate, and a platinum group metal is converted into a soluble sulfate, which is leached with water.

Then add sodium hydroxide to precipitate, then dissolve with hydrochloric acid, purify the solution, add ammonium chloride, extract and precipitate after full synthesis, and calcine in hydrogen to obtain another sponge metal - in fact, rhodium.

After that, there is a series of methods, in which the residue after melting water immersion of sodium bisulfate is melted with sodium peroxide and caustic soda, leached with water, chlorine gas is introduced into the leaching solution and distilled to obtain two platinum group oxide vapors.

It is absorbed with ethanol-hydrochloric acid solution, the absorption solution is reheated and distilled, and absorbed with lye, ammonium chloride is added to the absorption solution, and its ammonium salt is precipitated in hydrogen gas and calcined - in fact, it is the extraction process of osmium.

Ammonium chloride can be obtained by adding ammonium chloride to the residual liquid of evaporated osmium, and then calcined in hydrogen to obtain ruthenium powder.

The residue after leaching ruthenium and osmium is mainly iridium oxide, which is dissolved with aqua regia, precipitated by adding ammonium chloride, refined and calcined in hydrogen to obtain iridium powder.

So far, the little heavenly master has subdivided a total of five rare metals from platinum, of course, it will not be the original names, the heavenly master is named with five words vaguely like, but the side is changed to the gold word next to it, called the platinum group, which means that they are similar to platinum and very precious.

It is useless to just get metal powder, and smelting is also a huge problem.

It was impossible to smelt them into ingots on a large scale, because the temperature required was too high, and the Celestial Master had exhausted all the methods, and he could only process them into small beads and attach them to the metal nib.

In addition to this difficulty, there is another nib, which is the slit.

The seam is made of a very thin small circular saw steel blade, which requires extremely high machining accuracy to be able to cut small iridium beads.

Because the ink needs to use a chemical solution ink in order not to clog the fine seams of the nib, but this ink has a strong corrosive effect on ordinary metals, so it is only now that Xiao Tianshi thinks that he meets the requirements of this cheap brother.

Today's blue ink is a ferrous tannins solution obtained with tannic acid, and the chemical brain hole of the little heavenly master is against the sky, but the science and engineering brain hole is not good, and these pens are still in the stage of the variant of the quill.

However, there are three types of fountain pens, one with a thick tip, one with a thin tip, and one with a curved tip that can express the grace of Chinese characters.

"Where's the ink?"

Zhang Xiangzhong opened the box next to him and took out three bottles of ink: "The blue raw material is ferrous tannic acid; The red one will depend on Mingrun to find a way in the future, it is too expensive, and it is a cochineal from Tianfang; Black is the cheapest, gasoline incinerates the collected toner. ”

"There are also things such as acacia gum and spices in it, Mingrun, you can try it."

Su You opened his notebook, picked out a Chinese character pen, dipped it in ink, and wrote a poem: "Dankui Hong furnace out of hardware, who will explore the heart of heaven." It is difficult to find this way, and it is only to find it everywhere in Kunshan. ”

Ouyang Fa's eyes lit up: "Oh? This pen can also write such good words! ”

Zhang Xiangzhong put away the poem with a smile: "The virtuous brother praises falsely, and the foolish brother puts it away with a cheeky face." ”

Su You introduced the difficulties of fountain pen making to Ouyang Fa, and Ouyang Fa's face turned white when he heard it: "Then how expensive is this?" Forget it, I'll use a brush......"

Su You said with a smile: "The pen is secondary, the key is with my brother's chlorine exercise technique, and the gold and silver everywhere in Hexi are not worried that they cannot be obtained." ”

Ouyang Fa shook his head and smiled: "Mingrun, you are a famous minister of my court, why are you full of copper smell now?" ”

Su You asked: "Brother Shi thinks, who has the greatest merit in Pingxia this time?" ”

Ouyang Fa arched his hand and said: "Mention 400,000 troops, send troops in August, and the moon will level the hundred-year-old enemy of our dynasty, and the country will be in a big position." This merit is naturally a great cause of the handsome minister. ”

Su You shook his head: "Wrong, 400,000 troops, millions of dollars a day." If it weren't for His Majesty's gathering for 20 years, enriching the 52 sealed piles, and the 15 Yuanfeng Treasury, totaling 12 million guan, even if Su You had the wisdom of Zhang Liang, the strategy of Bai Qi, the courage of the overlord, and the day of raising troops, it would still be the time of defeat. ”

"The Art of War has a cloud: if you lose far away, the people will be poor; Those who are close to the teacher are expensive, and if they are expensive, the people will be exhausted, and if the wealth is exhausted, they will be anxious to serve. Force, wealth, the Central Plains, the inner void at home, the people's expenses, seven out of ten; Public expenses, breaking the army and stopping horses, six out of ten. ”

"This war collects twenty-six counties without consuming the country, and outside Shaanxi, the people do not prosper and lose, and do not move to conscription, all of which are the power of His Majesty."

"Therefore, the person who has made the greatest contribution is the so-called 'the commander of the people, the lord of the country's security', Your Majesty."

Speaking of this, Ouyang Fa also had to be convinced, and arched his hand: "The Son of Heaven is above, Chen Han is Qingming, it is indeed my Chao Hongfu." ”

Su You said: "Therefore, if the monarch loves the people, how can the minister not serve and be loyal and diligent?" His Majesty's expenses, Su You always has to earn it back for him in Hexi, so as not to let Hexi become a burden of the Great Song Dynasty. ”

Ouyang Fa was a little worried: "Before I came, Master Sima earnestly warned me and asked me to tell Mingrun to put the people first. ”

"If the land west of the river were not poor, it would not have raised troops to plunder our dynasty every year. Although the world is safe today, the disease can be gone, but this new wound still needs to be well nourished, and it can't be allowed to fester. ”

Su You laughed: "Sima Gong is reasonable, but what he doesn't know is that Xia Man's skills are rude and he guards Baoshan empty. ”

"Hexi is not poor, it's just that the Xia people can't use it."

"In the past few months, I have only grabbed gold and silver, enriched the treasury, and used the chlorine metallurgy created by the heavenly master, and I got hundreds of thousands of gold and silver, and one million pounds of copper, which is enough to enrich the treasury and invest in the factory."

"Let the bachelor rest assured, when the production capacity rises after the year, Hexi will give His Majesty and the princes of the court a big surprise."

Ouyang Fa nodded: "I am relieved of Mingrun's ability, and I will watch the virtuous brother spread in Shazhou." ”

Su You stood up: "Let's go, let's go and meet the descendants of the Confucians in Hexi, and you will know that Hexi is not an academic desert, the excavation and sorting of Shazhou classics, and the education cause of Hexi, but also their strong help." ”