Since the construction of railways by the Germans is also an investment behavior, there are restrictions on the investment budget or investment amount. As an investor, on the premise of building a railway, of course, we expect to invest as little as possible.

For example, compensation for occupied land must be as little as possible for investors. But for the owner of the land, for the party receiving the compensation, of course, the more compensation the better. When it comes to their own vital interests, this is a pair of contradictions that are difficult to resolve.

Coupled with the corruption of the Qing Dynasty officialdom and officials, the land compensation money has been exploited layer by layer, and there is not much left in the hands of the real compensators, which further exacerbates this contradiction.

Of course, in the midst of these contradictions, there are also cultural differences and the problem of breaking down superstitions.

For example, if you encounter a cemetery when you build a railway, you can't avoid it when you see a cemetery, and if you do, you can't build a railway.

According to the Germans' idea, I will occupy your cemetery and give you the land occupation fee and the grave relocation fee.

But the local people don't think so, the cemetery has feng shui, and it is related to future generations, how can it be moved? This is not a problem that can be solved by compensation.

As far as the high-density incident is concerned, the problem of drainage raised by the local people is, of course, a reasonable demand. But if the railway is elevated and passes through there, I am afraid that the railway investor will not be able to afford it.

The opposition of the Gaomi people to the construction of the railway should also be mixed with xenophobic and xenophobic sentiments.

The Gaomi incident was a hot potato left by the former governor to Yuan Shikai.

By the time Yuan Shikai came to deal with it, it was no longer a simple dispute over road construction. After several bloody conflicts, it has evolved into a grudge between the Germans and the local people, and the local ** of the Qing court and the local people.

Qing ** was anxious to solve the Gaomi incident because he was afraid that the Germans would send troops to China under the pretext of the Gaomi incident. The encroachment of Jiaozhou Bay under the pretext of being vividly remembered, and the Qing court was already frightened.

According to the idea of the imperial court, Yuan Shikai had an army in his hands, and it would be over if he sent the army to suppress the local people.

After Yuan Shikai understood, he found that things were not so simple, and if he rashly adopted repressive measures, it would be easy to provoke a popular uprising.

When there is a dispute, mediation is required, but the premise of mediation is that the parties to the dispute have something to follow in common. And to solve the Gaomi incident, what is missing is such a thing, something similar to the agreement between the German side and the Chinese side on the construction of the railway.

With agreement, there are common guidelines to follow, and there is transparency in doing things.

For example, land compensation, everyone knows how much compensation is for one acre of land, and it can avoid intermediate exploitation to a large extent.

It's not that the Germans are unaware of this, but they prefer to do it in the dark. By bribing local officials and bribing them to oppress the local population, it is often possible to solve big problems for a small amount of money.

It's just that in Gaomi, this trick of theirs didn't work because of the local politics. The government has lost the trust of the local population.

Yuan Shikai believes that in order to solve the high-density incident, we must first follow something. Without a charter, "it is not possible to handle cases fairly in accordance with the charter", and there is no legal basis for civil road disputes, and it is often impossible to deal with negotiations.

On the one hand, Yuan Shikai sent a well-known local gentleman to persuade and appease the people, and on the other hand, he called Ye Shike, the governor of Jiaoao, Germany, and asked him to send personnel to Jinan to draw up a detailed road and mine charter.

Forced by the resistance of the people of Gaomi and Weixian, Deutsche Bahn had to send personnel to Jinan to negotiate with Yuan Shikai and formulate detailed road and mine regulations.

After many days of consultation and arduous negotiations between the two sides, on March 21, 1900, the 28th paragraph of the "Sino-German Jiaoji Railway Charter" was finally concluded, and the 20th paragraph of the "Shandong Dehua Mining Charter" was also agreed on the detailed charter on mining affairs.

Second, the main spirit of the contract is basically the same, stipulating that German businessmen and Chinese businessmen shall jointly raise shares to handle roads and mines; There are clear provisions on inspections, land purchases, land leases, housing construction, and compensation for damage to people's property.

After the charter was agreed, Yuan Shikai ordered people to print a number of copies and distribute them to officials at all levels. With the statutes, there are certain legal constraints for German clerks, and officials at all levels can follow them.

Under the constraints of the charter, Yuan Shikai sent officials to mediate the conflict between the German railway company and the people. Both sides have also made some concessions, such as moving a section of the railway north by one kilometer and adding some small bridges and culverts for flood discharge. The contradictions between the two sides have gradually eased.

Not all contradictions can be mediated, especially some radical actions against the people, Yuan Shikai took some means to suppress and arrested several leaders who made trouble on behalf of the people.

For officials who do not act and have a particularly bad reputation among the local people, Yuan Shikai also carried out appropriate replacements.

In short, after many efforts, the Jiaoji Railway built by the Germans was successfully constructed.

The high-density incident has also been basically resolved.

The Germans built the Jiaoji Railway in order to expand their sphere of influence in China and plunder China's resources; But they also want to make huge profits for it through this railway.

They had calculated the profitability of the railway, and according to their vision, the railroad could be a cornucopia for them.

However, they miscalculated.

Railway investment is characterized by large investment and slow results. Profit depends on the income of long-term investment and long-term investment, and the effect of short-term investment is not ideal. Due to the time required for the increase in transportation, coupled with the operating costs, maintenance costs and trial operation expenses, it is good to be able to maintain the operation itself without losing money in the first few years, not to mention investment income and return on investment.

The Jiaoji Railway was opened to traffic in 1905. In World War I, Japan declared war on Germany on 23 August 1914 to attack Tsingtao on the grounds of the Anglo-Japanese alliance.

In November of that year, the German troops stationed in Qingdao surrendered to Japan, and both Qingdao and the Jiaoji Railway fell into Japanese hands.

The Germans tried to operate and operate the Jiaoji Railway for less than ten years in total, and I am afraid that they could not even recover the investment, and they made a wedding dress for Japan.

Until the victory of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Japan operated the Jiaoji Railway for decades, which can be said to have made a lot of money.

Of course, that's an afterthought.

On January 9, 1900, Qing ** called to ask Yuan Shikai: Yuan Shikai's second brother Yuan Shidun left Shandong, who suppressed the Yihequan in the plains and was asked to be dismissed by Yu Xian, the governor of Shandong at that time? If they do not leave, they will be expelled back to their place of origin.

Then he received a letter from Xu Shichang in the capital, telling him that it was rumored in the capital that Yuan Shikai was fighting the Yihe fist, and he participated in his recitals one after another.

At this time, he had already finished reading the 146 cases reported by Jinan, Dongchang, Tai'an, and Linqing Prefecture, of which 127 were cases of disturbing the parishioners, making a total of 328 cases. There were 19 cases of disturbance of civilians, a total of 28 families.

I have a deeper understanding of the real situation of the Boxers' robbery of property, disrupting society, and harming the people.

He felt that he was not wrong with the extermination of the Boxers, and he was very annoyed that he had not had much time to take office, and so many people participated in the performance. felt even more unfair that his second brother was dismissed because of the suppression of the Boxers.

He knew that it must be Yuxian who was staring at his second brother, and he also knew that it was Yuxian's kind who was behind his back.

On January 11, the Qing court issued an edict stating that the people of Anfen should learn their skills, defend themselves and their families, or unite the villagers to protect each other, and they should not be regarded as bandits.

In handling lesson plans in the future, we will only ask whether they are bandits or not, whether they provoke or not, whether they will teach or not, whether they will teach or not. This invisibly made the Boxers a legitimate organization by default, and the leaders of the Boxers saw an opportunity to take advantage of the opportunity to change the Boxers into the Boxers.

In order to prevent Yuxian and others from making waves in the imperial court, Yuan Shikai thought that he should make his attitude clear to the imperial court.

On 13 January, he presented a message to the imperial court: "The people and the people are incompetent, and the original reason is actually held hostage by the local state and county officials for the missionary foreigners, and they cannot handle the case fairly in accordance with the charter...... Although the bandits (Boxer) and others used the name of hatred for the religion, judging by their actions, they were only gathering people to rob money. If you have a little more money, you will buy horses and weapons; uneven separation, or fighting. It is like a big book, and it can be destroyed by foreigners, so as to carry out its sensational call for selfishness, but I don't know that its tricks are at all. ……

"Once the bandit is resisted by the brave team, he will not know that he will be able to raise a strong foreigner and destroy it! It is really possible to gather a million people and whip the five states, and the bandit is so powerful that it will become a prairie fire, and it cannot be turned around, and how can the country control it! Moreover, Jiaoao and Weihai are forced to be strong neighbors, and if they harass for too long, and the foreigners use the excuse of helping to suppress and send troops to go deeper, the whole province of Shandong will surely be shaken. ……

"To coordinate the overall situation, we should treat the root cause and the symptoms separately. What is the so-called cure? It's just about reconciling the people and religions. And the reconciliation of the people and religion lies in the issuance of covenants and the rectification of the rule of officials. …… Religion must not bully the people according to the situation, and those who bully the people are allowed to be accused; The people are not allowed to use the excuse to make trouble, and those who make trouble are to be punished according to the law. He also told all subordinates not to distinguish between the people and religion in the case, but to discuss the merits and the merits, not to allow the clergy to interfere in the lawsuit, and to strictly prohibit extortion in the case of military service......"

"What is the so-called symptomatic cure? It's just a place of appeasement. And the place of appeasement lies in clarifying the bandits and turning the people into fools. On the one hand, he ordered officials and gentlemen to go to enlighten and try to disband, and on the other hand, he offered a reward for the purchase of the line, and the culprit was the first thing to arrest, and he did not deal with it to radically change, nor did he raise carbuncles to cause trouble. ”