Chapter 99: The Six-Way Northern Expedition
Yuan Shikai's disbelief seems to have been further confirmed, because on January 3, Nanjing elected Li Yuanhong as vice president.
The Nanjing Senate may have considered that the holy place of Wuchang Shouyi could not be waited for, so this move was made.
Yuan Shikai doesn't look at it that way, it's not enough to have a president, and it's really unbearable to make a vice president.
He sent a telegram directly to Wu Tingfang and asked: "The question of the national system will be resolved by the National Assembly, and it has been recognized by your deputies. It is heard that Nanjing has suddenly organized the government. On the day Sun Wen was appointed president, he declared the expulsion of the Manchu government. The government is clearly contrary to the former parliamentary resolution of the problem. …… What is the purpose of this presidential election? The Founding Assembly decided to establish a constitutional monarchy, and whether the ** and the President were immediately abolished. ”
Wu Tingfang knew that he was at a loss, but he couldn't admit it, so he refuted it by phone: "1. Now that the people's army has recovered more than ten provinces, it cannot be without unified organs. Before the National Assembly decides, the Republic of China organizes a provisional government. The election of the provisional president is a matter of internal organization of the Republic of China and is a general political practice. If you talk to each other like this, please also ask Qing Zheng. Government: Before the National Assembly decides, why not eliminate it immediately? Why do you still send officials? Your minister should also be speechless, please blame yourself first and then others, so as to be fair.
"2. Article 1 of the National Assembly was agreed with the Tang Envoys, which states that the National Assembly shall have a majority, and both sides shall abide by the resolution. The caller, please also cross-examine: set up the National Assembly to decide on a republican system, did the Qing Emperor immediately abdicate? If the National Assembly is able to settle the matter peacefully, the resolution of the National Assembly shall be complied with by both parties, and shall be subject to each other's observance without further question, once approved by the signature of the plenipotentiaries of the two parties. ”
A person like Wu Tingfang, who is good at arguing, can still argue three points if he is unreasonable, not to mention that he has some reason. A thing that was originally a little unreasonable, listening to him, it was full of reason, which made Yuan Shikai speechless.
However, Wu Tingfang must have said a big thing here, if the National Assembly really decides on a constitutional monarchy, can he, Wu Tingfang, the representative, still count? Of course, the so-called bragging does not need to be taxed, anyway, it is something that has not happened, of course, how to say how it is beneficial to oneself.
In fact, Wu Tingfang knows better than anyone else that what he said doesn't count. It's not just him, it's them themselves. It's hard to do it.
For example, the Provisional Regime. The heads of the various departments of the province are as follows:
Huang Xing, Chief of Army and Chief of Staff, and Huang Zuobin, Deputy Commander.
Admiralty Chief Huang Zhongying, Deputy Minister Tang Qianming.
Attorney-General Ng Dinh Fong, Deputy Minister Lui Chee-yi.
Minister of Finance Chen Jin. Tao, deputy chief Wang Hongyou.
Foreign Minister Wang Chonghui and Vice Minister Wei Chen.
Minister of the Interior Cheng Dequan, Deputy Minister Juzheng.
Cai Yuanpei, General Minister of Education, and Jing Yaoyue, Deputy Director.
Zhang Jian, the chief minister of the Ministry of Industry, and Ma Junwu, the deputy director.
Tang Shouqian, the chief of the Ministry of Communications, is the second chief of the right.
Hu Hanmin, Secretary-General of the Presidential Office.
These people are all well-known democratic revolutionaries, and they are impeccable in terms of personal ability and social influence. It's hard to find fault with the new ** made up of these people.
However, as a new regime established from the success of Wuchang Shouyi, none of the heroes of Wuchang Shouyi were among them.
Yes, this is a new type of social system, this is a new era of politics. Prefecture. However, all people still come from the old era, and the traditional idea of fighting the country and sitting on the country, and the concept of rewarding meritorious deeds will always be more or less in the depths of everyone's minds. No matter what, you have to face reality when you do things.
Sun Wu, the main leader and initiator of Wuchang Shouyi, was greatly dissatisfied because of this.
He came to Nanjing this time to seek the position of deputy commander of the army.
When he was in Hubei, he was very unhappy, Huang Xing didn't have a good impression of Sun Wu and these people, how could he be his assistant?
As a result, Sun Wu, the main leader and initiator of Wuchang Shouyi, quit the League in anger and established the People's Society on his own.
The revolution is still in difficulty, and anyone with a discerning eye knows that these positions are temporary. But in order to compete for this temporary position, there is a split inside, which cannot help but make people sigh.
Yuan Shikai had lost confidence in the joint talks, and felt that he had to base himself on fighting and relying on strength to speak, so he began to expand his armaments.
The North-South peace talks seem to have broken down on the surface, but the two sides have maintained contacts and contacts. Tang Shaoyi, Wu Tingfang and Wang Jingwei are also negotiating in private.
On January 8, Yuan Shikai and Wu Tingfang continued to cease fighting on the battlefields for 15 days. Yuan Shikai wanted to buy time for his preparation for war. Now, what he has to deal with is no longer one Wuchang, but 14 southern provinces, and he cannot but consider the comparison of the strength of the two sides.
Everyone knows that the first thing to fight a war is money and food. If you want to fight, you have to have money in your hands, but Yuan Shikai is almost empty-handed. So he played the imperial court: "The treasury is empty, and the military salary is empty, please send out the old porcelain stored in Shengjing Ouchi and Rehe Xinggong and change the price to make up the salary." At the same time, he also instructed Jiang Gui to send a telegram to the imperial court, and to the ministers of the relatives and nobles, and put forward the stored items separately to help the military.
The establishment of the Southern Government. The affairs of the government also caused vibration and panic in the Qing court, and the Empress Dowager Longyu took all of them. Let the Zongren Mansion spread the news that the princes "destroyed their families and relieved their difficulties". But there were few responders, and Yixuan was not bad, taking out 100,000. The rest of the people gave thirty thousand, twenty thousand, and a few thousand.
Yuan Shikai was disappointed when he saw this, and said sadly and angrily in front of the Empress Dowager Longyu: "Not only urging me to fight, but also stingy with my salary, you are putting me to death!" ”
See that "there is no salary for the army, and there is a danger of mutiny." The Empress Dowager Longyu was forced to be helpless and took out 80,000 taels of gold from the labor army.
The revolutionary party saw that Yuan Shikai had no sincerity in peace talks, and the Beiyang Army was so arrogant that it had no other choice but to fight. The tide of the Northern Expedition, which was quite high for a while, temporarily overwhelmed the idea of compromise and accommodation of the majority of revolutionaries.
Mr. Zhongshan personally took command and set out for the Northern Expedition. Huang Xing was sent as chief of staff of the Northern Expeditionary Army, and an ambitious plan for the Six-Route Northern Expedition was formulated:
With Hunan and Hubei as the first army, it marched north along the Jinghan Road.
Ningwan was the second army and attacked Henan.
Huaiyang was the third army, which went out of East China and took Huaihai.
Yantai attacked Shandong for the Fourth Army.
The army outside the border is the Fifth Army,
Shanxi is the sixth road, attacking Beijing.
After the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th armies arrived at the designated location, they immediately joined up with the 5th and 6th Route Armies and finally broke through Beijing.
At the beginning of the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional **, the objective situation it faced and the military strength it possessed had certain advantages. The troops of the various provinces concentrated in Jiangsu to prepare for the Northern Expedition reached 17 towns, and the divisions of the various provinces gathered in Hubei to aid Hubei were also close to 100,000, and the total number of officers and men of the revolutionary army was no less than 300,000 to 400,000.
In addition, all the Qing court's navy and more than 40 warships of all sizes have been reversed, all of which can support the Northern Expedition by land. Although most of them were newly recruited soldiers and had no military training, most of them were led by revolutionaries and were in high spirits.
The most outstanding is the record of the Northern Expeditionary Army led by Lan Tianwei in Shandong and Northeast China.
On January 12, 1912, Sun Yat-sen sent a telegram from Nanjing to Lan Tianwei, who was preparing to leave the Northern Expedition in Shanghai: "The Shanghai Army of the Northern Expedition, namely Hairong, Haichen, and Nanchen, will all be controlled by your governor and have one power. ”
On 16 January, Lan Tianwei led several thousand members of the Northern Expeditionary People's Army, which was mainly composed of death squad members and young students who participated in the Shanghai Uprising, and together with the Shanghai Army under the command of Liu Jiyan, the Min Army under the command of Xu Chongzhi, the Li Xie, and the Guangfu Army under the command of him, they were divided into three warships, Hairong, Haichen, and Nanchen, and transport ships such as Taishun, Xinchang, and Pingping, and sailed north from Shanghai.
He led the soldiers to be high-spirited, singing in unison the military song from Hubei to break the waves and advance! The Northern Expeditionary Army first conquered Yantai and joined forces with the Shandong and Guanwai People's Army. The momentum was greatly violated, and the beacon of the revolution was burned to the gate of the Qing Dynasty.
Lan Tianwei set up a base for the Northern Expeditionary Army in Yantai, and immediately ordered the troops to attack Dengzhou and Huangxian in Shandong to open up the gateway to the Northern Expedition.
He announced in Yantai**: The Northern Expeditionary Army will soon go to the three eastern provinces to attack various places, and the northeast will "conquer the sun".
In order to create favorable conditions for the landing operations of the Northern Expeditionary Army, Lan Tianwei personally took a boat to Dalian, organized the scattered revolutionary forces in the local area, and assigned their own tasks. Militarily, Lan Tianwei sent Hairong and other ships to take turns cruising on the sea at Yingkou and other places to demonstrate and contain the Qing army.
He also sent a note to the Japanese governor of Kwantung: "I earnestly hope that your country will ensure the neutrality of the South Manchurian Railway and treat the civilian army and the Qing army equally" in order to reduce the military pressure on the civilian army.