Chapter 079: Idle Officials (I)
Why did Shen Shixing insist that the new establishment of the post of the prince's attendant must go through the cabinet, and why did Longqing insist on not going through the cabinet and directly set it up? The little prince Zhu Yijun definitely can't understand the truth of this, and even Li Guifei doesn't necessarily know it completely, but Gao Pragmatic thinks he can see one or two keys.
Shen Shixing's insistence is contrary to Long Qingzhi's insistence, to a large extent, because both of them guessed that once the matter was reported to the cabinet, Gao Gong, as the second assistant of the cabinet, would inevitably oppose it, and might be pragmatically resigned.
It's not that Gao Gong doesn't want to see his nephew have a future, he is only a few years old, and he became an official without going through a serious scientific examination, and he is the most noble Hanlin official. But the atmosphere of the Ming Dynasty is like this, Gao Gong, as a senior relative and third uncle of Gao Pragmatic, must resign from Humility in that case, and Gao Pragmatic can only resign.
You must know that in these years, even if the cabinet ministers are inexplicably impeached by the officials, they must resign from the table, and they will begin to "self-suspension" at the time of the table, waiting for the emperor's next words at home. Although generally speaking, the emperor has issued an order to retain, and sometimes even has to issue an order to scold the speech official at the same time, and even more will directly belittle, dismiss the official or even exile, court staff, etc., but this posture of the cabinet ministers still has to be made, although this cannot be said to be a system, but it is an unspoken rule that no one will violate.
The civil officials of the Ming Dynasty are so obsessed with their reputation that they have even formed a rule that all the officials in the world default to.
Therefore, when Shen Shixing found that he could not persuade the emperor to dispel this thought, he thought of this general method of "saving the country by curve", but Emperor Longqing was not a young king after all, and he could also see Shen Shixing's thoughts, so he directly vetoed this method, but found another way and specially set it up.
Gao Pragmatic believes that this should be the most direct and main reason, but there is another possibility that cannot be ignored, that is, Longqing may have complete trust in Gao Gong personally, but he may not be wary of the cabinet system itself.
This kind of vigilance is bound to occur as long as a mature emperor, and the source of vigilance is whether the cabinet ministers have really become prime ministers.
As we all know, in the Ming Dynasty, there was no prime minister since the Hu Weiyong case. Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, on the grounds that the prime ministers of the past dynasties had abused their powers, abolished Zhongshu Province in the thirteenth year of Hongwu, and "analyzed the politics of Zhongshu Province to six departments, and took Shangshu as the world's affairs." And ordered the world: "In the future, the heir is not allowed to set up a prime minister, and if his subordinates dare to ask for the establishment, the civil and military ministers will immediately impeach and punish him with heavy punishment." ”
However, Zai Fu can not be set up, but what Zai Fu does still has to be done, Zhu Yuanzhang himself is a workaholic, he can do the prime minister's affairs by himself, but the later emperors can't do it all. So at the beginning of Yongle, Chengzu Zhu Di Jian Ren Xie Jin, Huang Huai and other seven people entered the Wenyuan Pavilion to prepare consultants and participate in the machine affairs, and the cabinet system of the Ming Dynasty began to take shape.
After Renxuan, the cabinet on the road of development has continued to show that it is inextricably linked with the prime minister system, which is not only manifested in the "prime minister" title of the cabinet scholars, or the prime minister's consciousness of the minister, but also more importantly, the prime minister's power as an indispensable force in the Ming Dynasty government, in the cabinet looming all kinds of performance of resurrection.
In fact, in Gao Shishi's view, generally speaking, the so-called prime minister should have two musts: he must have parliamentary power, and he must have the power to supervise the execution of hundreds of officials. The former includes entering the palace to discuss state affairs with the emperor and give advice. The latter refers to the fact that after the decision is formed, the prime minister supervises the implementation of the hundred officials, as well as the examinations, dethronements, rewards and punishments after the implementation.
In addition, the prime minister should also be appointed to open the government and be equipped with subordinates. Under the absolute monarchy, there is no office to collect and master materials, not only can it not supervise the execution of hundreds of officials, but when discussing politics with the emperor, it can only be empty words, and it is impossible to put forward clever political opinions. Therefore, the parliamentary power, the supervision of the executive power of hundreds of officials, and the opening of the prime minister are the three basic prerequisites for exploring the prime minister of the cabinet system in the Ming Dynasty.
Although the cabinet of the Yongle period "did not only take words and ink as a merit", but in the end of the Yongle era, the cabinet "did not place official subordinates, did not authorize the departments, and the ministers were not allowed to be related to the white", and the rank of the cabinet ministers was no more than five grades. Therefore, the Yongle Dynasty basically maintained the pattern of "six secretaries and divisions" since the thirteenth year of Hongwu in the central auxiliary political system.
During the Renxuan period, the cabinet ministers were added to the three orphans, the rank was from one rank, and the official rank exceeded the six qing; Renzong was also the first to be promoted to a scholar and Yang Rong was the secretary of the Ministry of Industry. Since then, all those who have entered the cabinet have been promoted to Shangshu one after another, so "the cabinet position has gradually been admired".
Then came to the Yingzong Dynasty, "all the scholars have been Jin Shangshu, Bao, Fu, respectful of taste, close to the dense, and Lun Yan answered, the ruling was appropriate, all by the vote, the weight of the cabinet power Yan Ran, Tang Zaifu, especially not the prime minister's name."
The vote was intended to start with Injong, but at that time the system had not yet been formed, and the minister was still ordered to discuss major political affairs. Yingzong was only nine years old when he succeeded to the throne, and it was inconvenient for the Empress Dowager, who was actually in charge, to negotiate with the ministers, and the cabinet voting system was basically formed. "All Chinese and foreign chapters, Xu (cabinet) with a small ticket ink (to draw up the handling opinions), paste each sparse face to advance, called the article", for the monarch's reference, or agree or no, with a red pen to approve the decision. The so-called "cabinet office, the same as the ancient minister, is also based on the main vote".
At the same time, the emperor continued to increase the number of officials and knights to his cronies, "in the world of Tianshun, Xian is the first assistant, Lu Yuan and Peng Shizuozhi, and Ran Xian is appointed as the most specialized." During the Hongzhi period, Qiu Jun entered the cabinet with the Ministry of Rites, and in the order of the dynasty, Xiaozong Ding Qiu Jun was above the Ministry of Officials Shangshu Wang Shu. At this time, the cabinet had begun to surpass the six ministries in status.
In the history of Gao Shishi's previous life, from Jiajing to the beginning of Wanli, it was a period of consolidation and all-round development of the cabinet's position. The cabinet ministers not only "rank above the six ministries of the court", but also have a number of chiefs and assistants who are inclined to the court, such as Zhang Xuan, Xia Yan, Yan Song, Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng, etc., and they can all say that "although they have no name, they really have a position".
For example, Zhang Xuan "lives in the cabinet, and the six ministers become the dignity of the prime minister". Before Jiajing, the first assistant of the cabinet drafted the main vote, and all government affairs were discussed by the cabinet ministers, and the first assistant was only the main writer, but since Zhang Xuan, the first assistant not only drafted the main vote, but also "commanded hundreds of bureaucrats, and no one dared to resist" in the cabinet.
Yan Song served in the cabinet for 21 years, "stealing the joy and anger of the lord and becoming a blessing", "the ministers in the country are under his cage, and they know that there is Song but they don't know that there is His Majesty." The ministers outside are subject to its restraints, and they also know that there is a Song but they do not know that there is a Majesty."
The above are all things that have happened in the Ming Dynasty where Gao Pragmatic is located at the moment, and in the original history, it was even more exaggerated in the early years of Wanli: the first assistant Zhang Juzheng, who served in the cabinet for 16 years, "the exercise of authority, several more than the shock of the lord", "Liuqing serves the color of the order, if the six Cao officials are called secondary, they also hold their breath, and dare not have similarities and differences", "Political affairs are decided to be right." Juzheng has nothing to push, and it is regarded as the same as contempt." At this time, the cabinet had surpassed the six ministries in terms of power and status, just like the prime minister system in ancient times.
Gao Pragmatic only felt that the history books underestimated Emperor Longqing before, but after these two simple contacts, especially Longqing's performance today, Gao Pragmatic suddenly felt: Maybe even I underestimated Longqing! He insisted so much that he refused to hand over the small matters of the new crown prince's companionship to the cabinet, not to mention that it could not be because he valued my high and pragmatic talents, and it was even very likely that it was not just because he wanted to fight for the prince's face, but because he ...... He refused to allow the power of the cabinet to expand further in his hands!