On 13 April, the Kuomintang held a grand memorial service for Soong Jiaoren in Zhangyuan, and nearly 20,000 people attended that day.

Among the many elegiac couplets, Huang Xing's writing is particularly conspicuous: killed Wu Luzhen the year before last, killed Zhang Zhenwu last year, and killed Song Jiaoren this year; You said it was Ying Guixin, he said it was Hong Shuzu, and I said it was indeed Yuan Shikai.

On the same day, Huang Xing did not attend due to illness.

Sun Yat-sen, who also did not attend, also sent a pair of elegiac couplets, saying: As a protection of civil rights, who is not the deceased; Shed blood for the Constitution, the first person to be honest.

Judging from the elegiac couplet, Huang Xing's attitude is fierce and Sun Yat-sen seems calm, but the facts behind it are not so.

The assassination of Song Jiaoren should be the most suspicious case in the Republic of China.

The patrol room seized the murder weapon at Ying Guixin's home, as well as three copies of cipher codes, two packets of sealed letter and telegram evidence, and a suitcase.

The evidence shows that Ying Guixin planned to assassinate Song Jiaoren, but who is the instigator behind Ying Guixin? Let's sort it out.

The first object of suspicion was of course Yuan Shikai, because he had too many reasons to kill Song Jiaoren.

Yuan Shikai once admired Song Jiaoren and tried to draw him into his camp. For example, when Song Jiaoren was about to return to his hometown in Hunan Province, Yuan Shikai gave him a check for 500,000 yuan from the Bank of Communications for Song Jiaoren to use at will. But Song Jiaoren used two or three hundred yuan to return the basic original of the check.

In addition, Yuan Shikai also customized a suit for Song Jiaoren, and even the size was measured very accurately, which shows his good intentions.

However, under Yuan Shikai's closeness so attentively, Song Jiaoren was such a "ignorant of lifting". He did not hesitate to attack Yuan Shikai ** in his speeches in various places and made a move, which caused Yuan Shikai's anger and hatred, which seemed to be reasonable.

Now that the Kuomintang has won the congressional election, and Song Jiaoren is about to become a difficult opponent to deal with, how can Yuan Shikai not have murderous intent?

Of course, if it was really Song Jiaoren to form a cabinet, it would be really troublesome for Yuan Shikai. Because, according to the "Provisional Constitution", the Republic of China at that time was basically a cabinet system. Yuan Shikai, the interim president, is actually a false title.

Got rid of Song Jiaoren, didn't you go to this trouble?

Secondly, Zhao Bingjun, as the acting general of state. Reason. Zhao Bingjun's motive for killing is very simple, Song wants to be the president. Reasonable, where is Zhao going?

The code book found from Ying Guixin's house was marked with the words "Country. Business. Yuan", "Ying Mi", "January 14 of the second year of the Republic of China" and other words, and the content of the message pointed the finger at the country. Business. The secretary of the hospital, Hong Shuzu.

For example, at 2 o'clock in the middle of the night on 20 March, the day Song Jiaoren was killed, Ying Guixin called Hong Shuzu with words such as "The urgent telegram order has been reached, please report it first." The next day, he called Hong Shuzu and said, "The bandit leader has been destroyed, and our army has no casualties. Judging from the above evidence, it seems that Hong Shuzu cannot escape from the case.

More importantly, the telegrams that should be sent above all have "Forward to Pending Instructions", "Please Report First", and "Hope to Forward". So who is it to? After Ying Guixin and Hong Shuzu's telegram was made public, Zhao Bingjun became the other biggest suspect in the assassination of Song Jiaoren.

and Chen Qimei killed Song Jiaoren said. Before Xinhai, there were two rebellions in the Alliance. In these two waves of rebellion against Sun, Song did not side with Sun. As a result, Chen Qimei and other hardcore pro-Sun factions had a grudge against Song.

After the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional **, Song and Sun disagreed almost everywhere. Sun ruled the Northern Expedition, and Song ruled the north and south to negotiate peace, and Yuan was elected president.

Sun Zhu made the capital Nanjing, and Song and Zhang Taiyan both advocated the capital of Beijing. The two also had very different political views, with Sun advocating the implementation of an American-style presidential system and Song presiding over a French-style responsible cabinet.

Sun insisted on being a president with great power and did not want to be restrained by others, on the grounds that the cabinet system "is by no means appropriate for this extraordinary era, because in this extraordinary era, we cannot restore the law of defense to the only person who is confidently elected, and misunderstand the great plan of the revolution."

The two sides fought until their faces were red and they parted unhappily.

Therefore, as a radical faction in the Kuomintang, Chen Qimei may take advantage of Sun Yat-sen's departure to kill Song rashly without Sun Yat-sen's knowledge. In order to create a fait accompli, and then achieve the effect of killing two birds with one stone. In the near future, you can take yourself to a higher level, and it is logical to take over Sun's class, and far away you can inspire the party and the people of the country to launch the anti-Yuan "second revolution".

First of all, let's look at Yuan Shikai.

In fact, in the early years of the League, Song Jiaoren was always regarded as a pro-Yuan faction by his comrades. Therefore, Yuan has always been interested in him, and if Yuan wants to kill Song, he will not choose this sensitive time.

Song's trip north was to discuss state affairs with Yuan, and Yuan Da could first "listen to his words and watch his deeds".

The Kuomintang had already won the election at that time, and Soong Jiaoren died, and there would still be representatives of the Kuomintang to be the president. Reason, isn't it more difficult to settle with a hot Huang Xinglai? Couldn't Yuan have thought of this?

Based on the KMT's vote rate in the National Assembly at that time, it was not certain that Soong Jiaoren would definitely be able to form a cabinet, so there was no question of who was afraid of whom and who had to kill whom.

The person said that Yuan Shikai relied on the Beiyang Army in his hand and won the highest power with his strength, can he easily hand over power through democratic means? Will party politics be taken seriously about the so-called parliamentary road? You must know that there is definitely a long way to go from the abolition of the imperial system to a relatively mature democratic republic. Under the conditions of the time, it was mostly naïve to imagine that power would be achieved through democratic means.

What's more, there were many cross-party figures at that time. After retiring, Wu Tingfang was successively drawn into the eleven parties. The composition of the KMT's parliamentarians is also "everyone's". Which party will Ng Dinh Fong-style MPs vote for at the critical moment?

Although Song Jiaoren openly competed for the total. But it has always been clear that the president should elect Yuan Shikai. After Song's death, there were leaders in the Kuomintang such as Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing, whose prestige was much higher than that of Song.

The angry Kuomintang has a majority in the National Assembly, and it is highly likely that Yuan will be removed from the presidency in a formal presidential election.

Moreover, the Kuomintang did have such a plan at that time, that is, the so-called "law overthrows Yuan".

So Yuan Shikai was very panicked after the Song case and said to people: "How good is this! The Kuomintang lost Song Lianchu, and there is one less big mastermind, and it will be more difficult to speak in the future! ”

Considering the serious consequences of angering the Congress, there was no need for Yuan Shikai to risk stabbing Song on a relatively minor cabinet issue. According to the available evidence, Yuan Shikai can only doubt whether he knew about the assassination of Song. However, according to the analysis of the political situation in the early Republic of China, the assassination of the Song Dynasty was not in the interests of Yuan Shikai, and it is difficult to imagine that Yuan Shikai would have such a reckless move.

Is it determined that Zhao Bingjun is the main culprit of murder based on letters and telegrams alone? He admitted that the mastermind Ying Guixin and Hong Shuzu conspired to frame Song Jiaoren's reputation, but "there was absolutely no intention of murder."

The codebook sent by Zhao Bingjun to Ying Guixin contains elements of official business, and if Zhao Bingjun is "pointed out as a key criminal in the mastermind's assassination" based solely on the letters and telegrams exchanged between Ying and Hong without investigation and interrogation, it is indeed "unreasonable evidence."

Soon after the incident, Zhao Bingjun defended himself in an open letter to the Shanghai District Procuratorate, saying: "Governor Cheng and Chief of Civil Affairs announced that the evidence in the Song case involved Bingjun, but there were two handwritten documents, one for the issuance of a password and the other for an application for allowance, both of which were due to official duties."

And according to the friendship and interests of Zhao and Song, Zhao Bingjun's killing of Song also seems suspicious.

Zhao Bingjun once published a speech in Beijing's "New Era Daily", saying that he and Song were both colleagues and close friends during Tang Shaoyi's cabinet. Song lived in the agricultural experiment field outside Xizhimen, ten miles away from the city, and sometimes he couldn't go out of the city every night, so Song always lived in his house and talked to each other about everything. When Song left Beijing and went south, he owed more than 5,000 yuan in debt, all of which he paid for Song.

The "secret telegram" presented by the court does not lead to the conclusion that Zhao participated in and approved of the conspiracy to kill Song. Because the most vicious word in all the secret telegrams and letters is "destroy the Song", and "destroy the Song" does not necessarily mean killing the Song, there is evidence to prove that Ying Guixin has collected some black materials that try to slander Song Jiaoren's reputation.

The main culprit, Ying Guixin, should be a two-faced agent. Zhao Bingjun once defended himself: I only had "correspondence" with him, but he helped Huang Xing transfer 600,000 yuan of private public bonds to Yifeng Bank for private deposits. ”

The evidence shows that Zhao Bingjun is indeed suspected, but only with the phrase "Song wants to be the president. reason, where do I put it", this kind of reasoning is almost unconvincing.

In the early years of the Republic of China, various systems were extremely chaotic, and various official positions were also rotated like a marquee. Reason.

Zhao Bingjun served as the president. Li, Sun Yat-sen and Huang Xing agreed. At that time, there was a candidate for Shen Bingkun of the Kuomintang, Huang consulted with the Kuomintang members, and most of them were not convinced by Shen, and at that time, Zhao Bingjun had joined the Kuomintang.

In the case of undecided state affairs, undecided parliament, and undecided constitution, the general. The duty of reason is very empty. If you do it today, he may do it tomorrow, and if you kill someone for this, how can you kill it.

After Song Jiaoren was assassinated, because of the great reaction of public opinion, Zhao Bingjun immediately resigned as president. management duties. It can be seen that it is on this total. The management of the office is not as greedy as some people think.

Zhao Bingjun's ending: resigned as president. He was later appointed governor by Yuan Shikai on February 26, 1914. He died of a stroke in Tianjin, now known as a cerebral hemorrhage, and died of "convulsions".

Shanghai's "Declaration" reported at the time: "The presidential palace received electricity, and Governor Zhao Bingjun had a phlegm convulsion at 8 o'clock this morning and died at 12 o'clock." ”

It can be seen from the above that Zhao Bingjun really has no need to kill Song.

Finally, let's take a look at Chen Qimei, at that time Shanghai was the stronghold of Chen Qimei's power, and the Song case took place here from the assassination to the trial. Contrary to the previous unsolved assassination cases, the cracking of the assassination case was unexpectedly smooth, almost unbelievable. In addition, the death of the murderer Wu Shiying in prison seems strange, and it seems to be related to Chen Qimei.

At that time, the 61st Regiment of the Shanghai Army, which guarded Wu Shiying, was the unit of Huang Ying, a Kuomintang. And Chen Qimei, Huang Yin and Chiang Kai-shek are brothers. All this can't help but make people start to doubt Chen Qimei.