Chapter 57 Porcelain Code

After the service, Shi Da lit the kiln.

Soon the fire was burning.

The coke burns very steadily, which is very beneficial for the firing of porcelain yards.

This batch of large kilns for porcelain yards, two sets of sizes, a total of more than 70,000 pieces.

Shi Da took care of the fire attentively, Su You explained the rules to Zhang Qi a few times, read it carefully, write down any questions first, and then ask questions after opening the kiln.

No one is allowed to speak except for their own whispered explanations on the side.

The transformed magnetic kiln, in fact, is no different from the later mantou kiln, and even in terms of fuel and structure, it is more advanced than the vast majority of later firewood kilns.

This is only a relatively low temperature, and it is not very difficult, until the evening, the kiln is fired and cooled.

A box of porcelain codes was sent out by the potters, and the pottery box was opened, and there were exquisite white porcelain codes neatly arranged inside.

The same material, the same work, the same furnace, this is the requirement of Su oil, to avoid the tolerance during firing to the greatest extent.

Lao Yu and his two sons pounced, took a micrometer and began to measure the size of the porcelain yard.

The error is in the centimeter range, with a maximum of 0.3 millimeters.

There are very few such characters, but according to the requirements of Su oil, more than 0.2 millimeters, that is, two small centimeters, are eliminated products.

Lao Yu was in a hurry, and arranged a page of "Three Hundred Tang Poems" with staggered fonts and fonts: "Little master, you have to be reasonable!" Engraving is nothing more than that! ”

Su You categorically refused: "Our movable type code is to be more sophisticated than the engraving!" ”

Lao Yu suddenly burst into tears: "That old man, I have been doing my craft for decades, and this is useless?" ”

Su You hurriedly pulled Lao Yu's arm: "Yu Gong, where did you start with this?" With movable type, the demands on your process are only higher. ”

"Movable type only solves the problem of printing efficiency. You have to try to make it more delicate, more beautiful, more compact. It's just a new era of printing, but it's just a good start. There is still a long way to go before it reaches full maturity. ”

Cheng Wenying also came over and said: "Lao Yu, Xiaoyou is right, this batch of fonts is the same size as the engraving, and we will make a more structured paper, a finer font, and a more exquisite binding." My great Song Dynasty culture and education will only become more prosperous. Among them, you are indispensable! Let's go, go back to the trial! ”

Lao Yu came to his senses at this time, wiped his tears and smiled: "The old man is blinded by lard, such a good thing, why did he cry?" ”

It is indeed a good thing, such a high-precision porcelain code, only a thin layer of primer is needed to place it, there is almost no possibility of shaking it off, the accuracy of the spacing between the words and the row and the engraving plate is no different, but the efficiency is far away.

Su You also suggested to Cheng Wenying that the review workshop should be equipped with several bronze mirrors, and the arranged engravings should be reviewed through the copper mirrors, which would be no different from normal reading.

This no longer needs special talents who specialize in reading anti-words, and some literate children can be recruited to complete this part of the work, and those people can be freed up and put into the work of code control.

Cheng Wen has a higher evaluation of Su You's wisdom, this virtuous nephew is almost a demon!

Yu Gong was still distressed by the hundreds of porcelain yards that were burned, and he was ready to take them back, saying that it could be used for polishing and polishing.

Now even Shi Dongxiu, who is known as a porcelain rooster, can't stand it, Lao Yu, you tease me, what file can eat jade porcelain? Xiaoyou said, this is called the scrap rate, which is inevitable and can only be reduced but not avoided.

Can't redo a batch to make up for it? There is a kung fu to polish the porcelain code, and I have burned thousands of pieces, which is called efficiency! Do you understand efficiency?!

After Shi Dongxiu's work was done, it was Cheng Wenying's turn to be anxious, and he couldn't keep it again and again, so he had to let him leave with Lao Yu and the others.

As for Su You, he stayed in Shijia Zhuangzi, took a few children to visit, and watched the whole process from mud panning to kiln firing.

These are not secrets to Su You, and casually pointing out a few things that can be improved, Shi Dongxiu is very happy.

Su You saw that Shi Dongxiu was very good, so he left another drawing, which is another good thing to improve efficiency - ball mill.

The principle of the ball mill is very simple, it is a large round drum, put some porcelain balls into it, and in the continuous rolling, the porcelain balls will be added to the ball mill to grind the raw ore crushed into powder.

The key to the process: the inner wall of the drum, the bearing, and the power.

The inner wall can be fired jade porcelain arc plate, assembled into a cylinder, and then reinforced with an iron frame, and the bearing needs to use a ball device, this direction, and the bearing research direction of the Shijia folding knife coincides, but one large and one small.

So Su You suggested that the two should jointly tackle key problems.

Shi Dongxiu looked at the drawings, listened to Su You's explanation of the principle, and then looked at his own rough and unsightly experimental ball mill, drooling and frowning, stomped his feet and said: "Virtuous nephew, virtuous nephew, things are definitely good things, but you always give us problems!" ”

Su You said with a smile: "Shibo, think about the movable type printing of the Cheng family, although this thing is a little difficult, but it is definitely worth investing, the ore of Guanyin soil is crushed, and the work of sedimentation in the pool is urgent." ”

Shi Dongxiu gritted his teeth ruthlessly: "Shut my!" Anyway, in the end, the wool comes out of the sheep! It's a big deal to overestimate each set of porcelain! ”

This old man never thought about the situation that jade porcelain couldn't be sold!

Su You couldn't help but laugh: "Shibo, take it easy, this land tax is not light!" ”

Speaking of the commercial tax in the feudal era is also a pain in the egg, if you only look at the official history, sitting on the ground merchants, then you have to pay the land tax, the Great Song Dynasty here is two percent, which can be described as quite easy.

If it's a businessman, it's three percent, and it's not heavy.

However......

The world is afraid of this, however.

However, when I opened the notes of the Song people, I played the chapter......

In terms of land production, the profits were mostly taken away by the imperial court and engaged in a monopoly of sales.

Then, every state, county, and road has a tax card, and this three percent is the tax you have to pay once you pass the tax card every time you walk the road.

In other words, Shi Dongxiu's porcelain had to be transported to Bianliang, Tokyo, and all the way down, the three hundred things were upgraded to four hundred! Thirty percent increase, that's the norm!

And you have to take care of the tax inspectors everywhere along the way, and meet their food and card requirements, otherwise you will delay your trip for various reasons, and the management fee is paid on a daily basis!

There is only one kind of person they can't afford to provoke, officials, so relying on officials to carry private goods has become a common phenomenon.

In order to solve this problem, the imperial court is also trying to find ways to introduce money, and the system came into being.

If you are buying and selling official goods, you must first pay the money, that is, to spend money to buy a sales license, which is also a warehouse bill of lading.

In order to ensure everyone's enthusiasm, in addition to the rich profits of grain and grass, in order to ensure that the merchants did not come back empty-handed, they invented the salt introduction.

Salt quotation is not only a sales license, but also a warehouse ticket and a bill of lading.

The grain and grass were transported to the border state, and the border state government did not give cash, but gave the salt of the salt pond in Jiezhou, which was worth six guan and could receive two hundred catties of salt.

When you receive salt, you also have to pay the usual fee, half of which is the salt tax. There are also half of the imperial court who are unreasonable, saying that it is a transportation fee.

After receiving the salt, I arrived at the place where the salt was allowed to be sold, and before it was finished, I had to go to the local tax inspector to pay the foot tax.

Although the foot tax is different according to the distance, the farther the road the more expensive the foot tax, but this foot tax is only paid once, which reduces a lot of intermediate links of exploitation.

When you pay your taxes, you can start selling salt. In Bianliang, Tokyo, for example, a pound of salt can be sold for 35 to 40 wen......

Wait, there will be a question here, the salt in the solution pool is two hundred catties, which is already thirty wen a catty, what do the merchants make?

The court said that this is a welfare in itself and an encouragement policy, otherwise you will not even have this profit when you go back to your hometown empty?

Your money has already earned enough when you sold grain and grass, and now it's just that the imperial court has changed a payment method for everyone's convenience.