What is the relationship between "the Lanxue industry is not thriving" and "gold for silver"?

The relationship is big, the shogunate's orchid industry is not prosperous, but Fuso is not only the shogunate, there are several feudal kingdoms that have a very prosperous orchid industry, like this, "strong branches and weak cadres", can the shogunate not "authoritarian side", Si is terrible.

And if gold is exchanged for silver, the shogunate has money in his hands, can he give more to Jiushan, even if he doesn't give it, then it would be good to open a few more orchid industries to strengthen his strength.

"When you encounter a bear, just run past your companions."

What if you can't run? Then you can only drag your companion back to the hind legs.

In Nagasaki's Oguri Tadashun heart, the rice people and other Western countries are the insatiable bears, and the companions are all the external daimyo - of course, the situation is not known at this time, but take precautions, Oguri is paying attention to this.

In fact, he can't be blamed entirely for this, mainly because the expansion momentum of the daimyo outside Kyushu Island is very terrifying, and as a Kyushu probe, Xiao Li, who is familiar with the inside story, feels shocked.

Appearance is the name corresponding to the genealogy.

The so-called foreign daimyo were non-Tokugawa clan forces that existed before the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate.

At this time, there were a total of 11 daimyo with more than 300,000 koku, of which there were 4 in Kyushu Island, namely Satsuma Shimazu, Higo Hosokawa, Chikuzen Kuroda and Hizen Nabeshima, with a table height of 770,000 koku, 540,000 koku, 473,000 koku and 357,000 koku respectively, and the total stone height of these four houses was as much as 2.14 million koku! - The imperial lord of the shogunate was about 4 million koku.

And this is only the height of the table, plus the branch domains, and then calculate the actual height of the territory, the strength of these four is even stronger.

Take, for example, the ironworks, which are recognized as the essence of Rangaku, and apart from the shogunate, only two Fuso have been successful, but both of them are on the island of Kyushu - Saga and Kagoshima.

In the third year of Jiayong (1850), Naohide assisted Mr. Tanan in successfully establishing a small blast furnace and a reverberatory furnace in Nirayama.

But in the second year, Saga also followed suit and successfully copied it, and became a powerful feudal clan in the world.

Kagoshima was a little slower, and it was not until the 6th year of Kaei (1853) that Western-style ironmaking was successful, but the slowness is also compared to whom, except for the Yokohama Ironworks, there have been no new Western-style ironworks in Fuso, which shows that this is not easy.

In addition to ironmaking, these four are also very prominent in other means of making money:

Saga set up a glass factory very early, and it is said that in the early profiteering period, he could earn a small 100,000 taels of gold a year, and the Lankoku Merchant House stopped transporting glass to Fuso a few years ago, and now exports glass from Nagasaki, and everyone who hears it laughs. In addition, the abacus daimyo Nabeshima Saimasa has a way to make money, and the charcoal of the Takashima coal pit, the ceramic "Arita ware", and the white ash have all become famous products.

The Shimazu family in Kagoshima is not ambiguous, and since the succession of the new head of the family, Saibin, in the fourth year of Kaei (1851), they have vigorously developed various industries, building a new glass factory and rum industry, expanding the production of tea, raw silk, taro shoki (liquor), Satsuma ware (ceramics), and white wax, and it is said that a textile factory is also being prepared recently.

In addition, the Shimazu family was granted the permission of the shogunate to remotely control Naha, and this secret trade must be doing well, and I don't know how much black money I made!

Higo country is rich in products, rice, fishery both prosperous, rush grass quality and yield is also the first in Fuso, Kumamoto Hosokawa family is basically lying to win, but the retainer group is still not satisfied, under the call of the celebrity Yokoi Heishiro, vigorously develop camphor, ash and raw silk industry, and actually bought a Western textile machine through the Languo Merchant House, began to produce cloth and silk in large quantities - originally good farming and fishing it is not fragrant, you have to make trouble!

Finally, when it comes to the Kuroda family in Fukuoka, Chikuzen Province - as soon as he talks about this, Oguri Tadashun is very angry, because the great development of the Kuroda family is inseparable from himself, and it can be called a model of shooting himself in the foot.

In the early stage, Egawa and Oguri promoted honeycomb coal in the Kanto region, and in the later period, Nirayama iron-making, most of the charcoal used came from the Chikutoyo coalfield in the territory of the Kuroda family, and Oguri "contributed a lot" to it - not only the location of the coal mine was for him to mention the Kuroda family, but even invested in him, Tagawa Coal Mine, Iizuka Coal Mine still has many shares of his family's royal merchant Kino Kuniya Toshihachi!

Why don't you say this carboniferous mine appears in the Imperial Domain?

How good it is to have a large coal mine in the area directly under the shogunate - Oguri never thought that the imperial commanders are all in the plains, where the traffic is strong, and no matter how rich the minerals are, God will not allow it, and all good things can be a family.

The Kuroda family, who was originally so-so, actually turned over with the help of charcoal, Oguri Tadada

Shunke remembered that Naoxiu told him, "If you have coal, everything is good, you can make iron and you can do steam engine weaving at the bottom, and the rich thief is fast!" ”

The Kuroda family is now preparing to vigorously promote Hakata fabrics, isn't this the rhythm of getting rich?

But this matter was done by myself at the beginning, and now it is too late to say anything.

Moreover, the strength of these four is inseparable from Oguri - not to mention the charcoal business of the Kuroda family, the Xianheng foreign company he introduced single-handedly, in the large-scale transaction with Fuso, many goods are the output of Kyushu Island, after all, it is "the first to get the moon near the water". Although they were all sold through wealthy merchants controlled by the shogunate, even after scraping a layer of oil, each family made a lot of money, which was really infuriating.

The big money is arrogant, and all four of them have ordered a lot of machinery from the Lankoku Merchant House - steamships and ordnance are more sensitive, and it is easy to attract the attention of the shogunate, but I can always make the machinery myself. Under the banner of developing the orchid industry, these companies have placed a large number of orders with the orchid people.

Oguri is Nagasaki, and the authority can't hide it from him, watching the four local tyrants spend money like flowing water, don't mention his envy, jealousy and hatred, because in contrast, except for ordnance, the shogunate's procurement share has not increased - the wealthy merchants in the shogunate's territory are accustomed to relying on power, belonging to the kind of passing by and plucking hair, sitting on the ground and dividing the money, and have no interest in developing the orchid industry, tired and risky, how good it is now, drought and flood to ensure income. And these four are all government-run industries, as long as the decision is made, the investment is very resolute!

If this continues, the orchid industry of the four will become more and more prosperous, and under the growth of one and the other, the trend of "strong branches and weak cadres" will be achieved.

When Oguri Tadashun talked about "exchanging gold for silver", he cited a total of four reasons why he had to do this, "many disasters and difficulties", "authoritarian sidelines", "the orchid industry is not thriving", and "strong branches and weak cadres", "strong branches and weak cadres" refers to this, that is, the strength of the daimyo outside Kyushu Island began to expand significantly.

It stands to reason that it is a tasteless thing to be worse than bad, and you work hard to develop others, and it is better than others.

But the problem is that development requires investment, and it can't be done without money! - The Tokugawa family is a big business, but the cost of the stall is also a lot.

The black ship visited twice, although there were major celebrities who sent troops to help, but the family members came out, and this supplement is embarrassing for you to pay nothing - next time I won't let others help.

After careful calculation, the construction of Odaiba on both sides of the Shinagawa Odaiba and Uraga waterways, the preparation for the construction of the Yokohama and Yokosuka ironworks, the expansion of the Western Studies Institute, the establishment of the martial arts training field, the purchase of ordnance, the entertainment money of the rice people when the black ships visited, and the general mobilization of the fan group, all these piles of gold were spent like water.

And some of the money was spent unjustly.

Take the construction of Odaiba on both sides of the Uraga Waterway as an example, the budget of Shinagawa Odaiba is 100,000 gold, and the final cost is basically the same, but the Odaiba on both sides of the Uraga Waterway was hung by a group of coastal defenses, and in the end it also cost 100,000 gold, but it became an unfinished project that Naohide often says, and finally the work was hastily stopped, and the fort became a sentry post, which was basically abandoned.

In the sixth year of Jiayong (1853), the family provided 40 rifled guns, 100 mines, plus cannonballs and 10 sets of gun carriages and sports cars, totaling less than 40,000 days.

The amount of money increased year by year, until last year (1854) the shogunate purchased a staggering amount of 120,000 taels of gold from the company - two small steam warships and 500 breech guns and ammunition more than the previous year.

Among them, the steam battleship was purchased to establish the Tsushima Naval Training Center, and the breech gun was to strengthen Edo's defenses.

The 120,000 taels of gold does not count the fees of the eight Western naval instructors found by Xianheng Foreign Company - the intermediary fee is confiscated, but the instructor's fee can no longer be waived, and it is also 2,000 taels a year.

However, the shogunate was heartbroken and felt that the money was worth it, the same small steam warship, the Languo Merchant House quoted a small penalty of 25,000 pieces, and the Xianheng Foreign Company was 10,000, only forty percent of the opponent's, cheap.

But after the passion for spending money passed, the whole shogunate began to snort, according to this, 40,000 will become 120,000, and then it will be 360,000 gold and a million small judgments, which can not be spent!

Don't you spend it? Definitely not. If the coastal defense is not quiet, who will bear this responsibility?

Besides, people Xianheng gave the drawings and craftsmanship, but they just couldn't make it, so they had to spend money to buy it, how depressing you said it was!

This is also the reason why the old middle school has never cut off the source of funds for the Jiushan Iron Smelting Institute - they can't afford it, so they have to produce it themselves.

It stands to reason that

The shogunate's annual income exceeded four million gold, how could it be so embarrassed?

In addition to the large number of personnel, which led to a large amount of expenses and complicated affairs, the increase in the cost of visiting coastal defense by black ships is one piece, and in the past two years, the shipwreck has encountered a headwind, and natural disasters are also another big piece - this is Xiao Liti's "many disasters and difficulties".

Hurricanes, floods, and epidemics are not to mention, this is a regular phenomenon in Fusang, but what do you say about the increasing number of earthquakes, which gods, Buddhas and ghosts are offended?

In the sixth year of Kaei (1853) and in the second month of the calendar, there was a great earthquake in Tokaido. The mountains collapsed, and Odawara Castle was broken.

On June 15, 1854, the first year of Ansei (1854), there was a major earthquake in the Prefectures.

In the early morning of the fourth day of the 11th month of the same year, the Donghai, Dongshan, and Bianbai Zhudao earthquakes and tsunamis, known as the "Anseong Earthquake" in history.

The next day, on the fifth day of the 11th month of the Japanese calendar, the Ansei Nankai earthquake occurred, and the "Ise Bay was more than Shikoku and Kyushu earthquakes and tsunamis", which once again devastated the coastal areas.

The shogunate's main imperial lords were in, Tokaido, and Kanto, and except for Kanto, which escaped the catastrophe, the other two were scarred.

However, the prestige of the Kokata family has increased dramatically - from the first year of Ansei in the second year of his succession, the family issued corresponding disaster prevention instructions in advance before each earthquake, so there are countless people alive, and the first evaluation of "weak and manic" due to abnormal behavior quickly became "strange people have strange things", and the shogunate was much more stable for a while.

Even the daimyo domains in various places benefited greatly and praised the Gongkata and the shogunate.

However, although the reputation has improved a lot, the economic losses caused by the earthquake and tsunami have only been reduced, but the consequences are still serious, and the finances of the shogunate, which has been vigorously providing disaster relief, are also in jeopardy for a while - they can't collect taxes and have to pay backwards, and the expenses have increased because of coastal defense, who can afford this!

This is what Oguri Tadashun said, "many disasters and many difficulties".

As for the last reason for "exchanging gold for silver", "authoritarian side", it is a good thing done by the old lord of Mito, Tokugawa Saiaki and his family:

Qi Zhao, together with the head of the Mito Tokugawa family, Keikatsu, the lord of the Fukui domain, Matsudaira Yoshinaga, Uwajima Date Munejo, Satsuma Shimazu Saibin, Kumamoto Hosokawa Saigo, Fukuoka Kuroda Saipu, plus a large number of in-laws and daimyo of himself and his allies, colluded with the small imperial court in Kyoto, and constantly put pressure on the shogunate to further reform the shogunate.

Actually, Egawa, father and son, and Oguri, who participated in today's conversation, both understand that there are problems in the shogunate, and there are still many of them, but the chief Abe attendant and others are really working hard, and it is not much better to replace these people.

Naohide often said, "Those in power in a crisis of authority tend to become the most sincere innovators, and their sincerity for innovation comes from their sincerity in retaining power." "—Actually, this is Samuel the Rice of the Later Generations? Huntington said it, but now that he was not born, Naoxiu found that Mr. Huntington did not object after secretly praying, so he boldly took it out and used it.

Mr. Tan'an felt that what Naoxiu said was very reasonable, the old and middle schools were indeed determined to innovate, but there were too many fetters to be unleashed, and Qi Zhao's family was trying to fight for power and profit on the back of criticizing the shogunate, but natural disasters and man-made disasters, foreign enemy invasions, and the shogunate were really anxious, which gave Qi Zhao and others a reason to make trouble.

Although the power structure of the shogunate was problematic, with the daimyo and the daimyo holding the power, and the Tokugawa kinship and the daimyo of the outer daimyo having to sit aside, which seemed more and more impersonal under the slogan of "raising the Fuso in unison" put forward by the shogunate, it was not good to take the time to innovate, otherwise it would not be good to cause turmoil - the Egawa family and the Oguri family were both big and banners, and they were both beneficiaries of the governance structure at this time, so their positions were unconsciously crooked.

"The orchid industry is not thriving" refers to the shogunate's imitation of armaments that are not going well, "strong branches and weak cadres" are worried about the expansion of the power of daimyo outside Kyushu Island, "many disasters and difficulties" refers to the lack of tranquility in coastal defense and frequent earthquakes, and "authoritarian side" refers to the oppression of the current shogunate by the Qi Zhao line.

On these four grounds, Oguri Tadashun persuaded Mr. Tanan to agree to support the "exchange of Fuso gold for overseas silver."

"The sun is twilight and the road is poor, so it is perverse and perverse."

At that time, Oguri and Egawa father and son estimated that there would be a future disaster for "exchanging gold for silver", but what they did not expect was that the consequences of this incident would be more serious than they imagined.

As for Oguri Tadashun himself, he almost died because of this.

Looking back on the year, this was a clever plan that Shun Yan thought of with all his might, and in just a few years, he obtained a huge profit worth millions of taels of gold for the shogunate, and the shogunate became strong for a while, but then it fell, and the irony of the tide of the times was as follows.