In early November, Professor Woodgate returned to Columbia.

Professor Woodgate's treatment at Columbia changed immediately, and his office in Hertley House, which had been a single room, was now a suite.

Columbia University has a secretary for Professor Woodgate, who works in the outhouse of the suite, and Professor Woodgate sits in the back room.

Professors who have suites and secretaries are called big professors.

Professor Woodgate couldn't hide his smug look, and he seemed to have reached the pinnacle of his career.

Li Kangping sat in the new office of the professor at Woodgate University, and he was happy for the new professor.

Professor Woodgate has brought back several pieces of news from Europe.

First, the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Einstein, director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics.

The admired Albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his outstanding contributions to theoretical physics, especially the discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.

Some people did not fully endorse Einstein's theory of relativity until this time, and Einstein won the award mainly for his research on the photoelectric effect.

The Nobel Prize is as great as Albert Einstein, and he does not need any awards to show his outstanding merit and academic standing.

Of course, Einstein's Nobel Prize in his academic prime is the icing on the cake, and people will love him more, which is not bad.

The second piece of news is related to the Solvay conference.

"The Solvay Conference affirmed the results of our experiments, and our experiment on space quantization is known as the 'Woodgate-Lee Experiment'. I believe that in the years to come, the Woodgate-Lee experiment will be repeated in every laboratory in the world. Professor Woodgate said happily.

"Oh, that's pretty good!" Li Kangping looked very happy.

The nature of the Solvay Conference can be summarized in two aspects.

1. Physics research results tasting.

2. Outlook on the Development Trend of Physics.

The theme of this year's Solvay Conference is "Atoms and Electrons", and the Woodgate-Lee experiment is one of the results of some of the research that the heads of state of physics have tasted at the conference.

After the meeting, the leaders brought the spirit of the meeting back to their respective countries, and disseminated, implemented and popularized it in all countries, departments and units.

The Woodgate-Lee experiment, as can be seen from this newly coined academic term that has been endorsed by the heads of physics, that Professor Woodgate is very protective of Li Kangping, and he has given Li Kangping fair academic treatment.

Some people will say that Camping was the central figure of the space quantization experiment, and without Camping's contribution, this experiment would not have succeeded in 1921, and Woodgate would not have participated in the Solvay Conference, so this experiment was named the Woodgate-Lee Experiment, isn't it a normal thing?

You must know that in this era, Chinese scientists are relatively weak.

The powerful European and American academic circles forcibly erase the scientific merits of Chinese scientists, what can you do?

As we all know, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao, a famous physicist in China and one of the founders of nuclear physics in China, made an unprecedented and important research achievement when he was in the United States, and he was the first in the world to discover the phenomenon of annihilation radiation (1930), which is an extremely important contribution in the history of physics.

However, Mr. Zhao's academic merits were ruthlessly erased.

The British physicist Blackett, who was Rutherford's assistant, usurped Mr. Zhao's outstanding exploits.

It was not until the 80s of the 20th century that Mr. Zhenning came forward to rehabilitate Mr. Zhao Zhongyao, and the international academic community recognized Zhao Zhongyao as the earliest discoverer of the phenomenon of annihilation of radiation.

But at this time, the Nobel Prize has been issued to Blackett for decades, and Blackett is already lying in the cemetery in Cambridge, can you still invite Blackett out and force him to return the Nobel Prize certificate and prize money?

Therefore, in 1921, Li Kangping should be glad that his surname could appear in the academic term "Woodgate-Lee experiment".

"The steady-state separation of atomic and molecular beams was referred to as the 'molecular beam method' at the conference." Professor Woodgate added.

Li Kangping nodded and said, "I agree with this abbreviation." ”

"I brought back a newspaper and I remember you were studying German?" Professor Woodgate handed Li Kangping a German-language newspaper.

"Yes, I'm learning German, I don't speak well yet, but I think I can read German newspapers."

Li Kangping took the newspaper and read it.

This is a German science and technology newspaper, and Mr. Einstein, who has just won the Nobel Prize, wrote an article in the newspaper.

"The Woodgate-Lee experiment confirms the existence of the only quantum state, and is one of the most important experiments in recent years."

"But how can the problem of birefringence be explained?"

"The second question is, how do the orbits within the atom get a certain orientation, and what is the adjustment time required for orientation?"

"If only the precession radiation is at work, the adjustment time should be 10^11 seconds at a magnetic induction intensity of 10,000 gauss, and if it is noted that there is still thermal radiation at room temperature, the adjustment time will be shortened to about 10^9 seconds."

"In any case, this order of magnitude of time is simply not possible in the experiment, because the adjustment must be achieved in less than 10^-4 seconds in the middle of the experiment."

"To fill in the gaps, I made two assumptions."

"One of the assumptions is that the silver atom is inherently in a state of spatial quantization."

"The second assumption is that this directional adjustment process is much faster than the usual steady-state transition."

"Unfortunately, after my arguments, I have determined that both hypotheses are contrary to the known laws of atomic physics and cannot be satisfactorily explained."

"So my initial conclusion is that either the existing theories are inadequate, or we need completely new theories."

“…… We need new theories. ”

After Li Kangping read the full text of Einstein, he fell into deep thought.

"We have proved the correctness of the theory of space quantization by using the space quantization experiment of the molecular beam method. However, the new problems arising from the Woodgate-Lee experiment cannot be explained by the known quantum theory. This seems like a paradox. Professor Woodgate looked confused, and said: "Even Einstein, Sommerfeld, and Bohr could not provide a reasonable solution to this paradox." Lee, please tell me, what are we going to do? ”

"Physics, which we love so much, seems to be stuck in an abyssal quagmire, and it is difficult to move on." Although Li Kangping looked a little confused, he was more of a challenging and passionate fighting spirit, and he said enthusiastically: "Professor, let me try to solve this problem, the problem that bothered Einstein, Sommerfeld, Bohr and you." ”