Chapter 099 Sputtering Technology and Magnetic Field Adjustment

On the contrary, it is possible that Duane's experiment was started earlier than Compton's experiment, and Compton worked more efficiently than Duane, so Compton was the first to get the experimental results.

Compton's experience sparked a sense of crisis for Lee.

After sending the letter, Li Kangping came to the Woodgate Laboratory at Columbia University.

Professor Woodgate, Allen, and Mark are all in the lab, and they are debugging the equipment for the high-energy electronics experiment.

"Hey, Lee, long time no see, we miss you so much." Professor Woodgate said enthusiastically.

"Professor, you know what, Arthur is in trouble." Li Kangping said with a solemn expression.

Li Kangping met Compton first, and then met Woodgate, it was Compton who introduced Li Kangping to Woodgate, and then a series of follow-up things happened.

Woodgate was a good friend of Compton's, but Woodgate didn't know much about the Compton Effect.

Li Kangping stated the information he knew in succinct language.

Woodgate immediately took a stand: "There is no doubt that justice and justice belong to Arthur, and I support Arthur." ”

Professor Woodgate can only represent himself, he cannot represent Columbia University as a whole.

Verbal support is certainly good, but what can Professor Woodgate do to support his old friend Arthur in terms of substantive action? It doesn't seem like there's much to be done.

"Let's talk about high-energy electron diffraction experiments." Professor Woodgate said.

"Okay." Li Kangping carefully observed the high-energy electron diffraction experimental equipment of the Woodgate team.

Professor Woodgate explains: "The electron beam is accelerated by voltages of up to 10,000 volts with an energy equivalent of 10-40 keV, and it is possible for the electrons to penetrate the solid foil and directly produce a diffraction pattern. The difference between this and our low-energy electron diffraction experiments is that it is not necessary to rely on the reflection method to observe point by point, and the diffractive material does not have to use single crystal materials, but can be replaced by polycrystals. ”

"Because polycrystals are made up of a large number of tiny crystals that are randomly oriented, it is possible to satisfy the Bragg condition in planes in all directions, so diffraction can be observed simultaneously from all directions. Theoretically, the diffraction patterns of the high-energy electron diffraction experiments will form concentric rings, which are probably similar to the diffraction patterns obtained by the X-ray Debye powder method. After the professor finished talking about the core design idea of the experiment, he said: "Li, the hint you gave me last summer gave me the inspiration for my experiment, and in recent months, I, Allen, and Mark have been refining the design plan, and then we have the experimental equipment in front of you." ”

"Not bad, pretty good." According to Li Kangping's visual inspection, this set of experimental equipment should be reliable.

From the open and secret struggle between Compton and Duane, we can see how important the secrecy of scientific research is.

Most academics will never reveal any information to the outside world when they are engaged in important scientific research experiments, and some people even deliberately spread false information to distract competitors.

Li Kangping is no longer a student at Columbia University and an assistant to Woodgate Labs, but he has the privilege of coming and going as he pleases Woodgate Labs.

In terms of high-energy electron diffraction experiments, Professor Woodgate did not defend Li Kangping, and there was no need to defend him.

"Lee, tell me what you think." The professor asked.

Li Kangping stroked the 50-centimeter-long main vacuum glass tube, and he found that there was no target inside, he said: "I think it is very difficult to prepare a thin film target with a thickness of only 10 minus 6 centimeters, and maybe it will require sputtering technology, which Woodgate Laboratory does not have, and it seems that Xidian needs to help." In addition, and more importantly, in order to illustrate that the observed phenomenon is electron diffraction and not X-ray diffraction from high-speed electron collisions, the magnetic field must deflect the electron beam to one side......"

Dealing with RCA, Li Kangping squeezed out a little bit of core technology at a time by squeezing toothpaste.

Dealing with Professor Woodgate, Li Kangping also squeezed toothpaste, and he squeezed out half a tube of toothpaste at one time.

In addition to confidentiality, another important point of scientific research is timeliness, and it is necessary to do scientific research quickly, and the sooner the results are produced, the better.

The high-energy electron diffraction experiment is a strong complement to the low-energy electron diffraction experiment and is another evidence of matter waves.

Although Li Kangping is no longer a member of Woodgate's team, he hopes that Woodgate's team will get evidence of high-energy electron diffraction experiments as soon as possible.

"Sputtering technology? Magnetic field adjustment? The professor thought for a while, and then shook hands with Li Kangping: "Li, thank you for your suggestion, please forgive me for not being able to continue to accompany me, I should go to Xidian Company now." ”

After that, the professor left in a hurry. Li Kangping chatted with Alan and Mark for a few minutes, then took his leave and went to the King's Building.

On the president's desk were a bunch of documents, letters, newspapers, and magazines, which Li Kangping flipped through one by one.

Jennifer was very careful, she knew that President Li must be concerned about the news of China, so the letter from China was put on top by Jennifer.

Li Kangping read the Chinese letter word by word.

"Kang Ping: I have served as the head of the Department of Physics at Nankai University, and I am the only professor and faculty member in the department, and there are three students. President Boling fully supported the construction of the Department of Physics in Nankai and allocated more than 5,000 yuan to help the Department of Physics be established. However, the literature I brought back from Germany was not suitable for the education and research of physics in China, so I hoped that Kangping would purchase American textbooks and literature and ship them to China. A list is attached. For all these books, I kindly ask Kangping to pay the books in advance, and then remit the amount from Nankai to you. Thanks! Best wishes! Sent by Rao Yutai from Tianjin, November 25, 1922. ”

Brother Yutai revealed a lot of information in just a hundred words.

When Brother Yu Tai returned to China last year, it was Li Kangping who sent Brother Yu Tai on the ship in New York Harbor.

Brother Yu Tai first arrived in the Netherlands and then went to Germany, taking advantage of the sharp depreciation of the German mark, Brother Yu Tai bought two large boxes full of German literature with US dollars.

However, after returning to China, Brother Yutai found that German physics books were not suitable for China's national conditions.

Speaking of German university physics textbooks, it is a concrete presentation of the German university physics education system.

The German physics education system is too difficult for Chinese students.

Therefore, Brother Yu Tai wanted Li Kangping to send the American university physics education system to China.

Compared to Germany, the physics education system at American universities is a bit simpler and may be more suitable for extension to China.

Knowing this, Brother Yutai shouldn't have gone to Germany last year, wouldn't it be over for him to return home with two large boxes of American books?

Brother Yu Tai returned to China with German literature, on the one hand, Brother Yu Tai wanted to save money, and on the other hand, Brother Yu Tai had never taught students, and he had no experience.

After accepting three undergraduates in the Department of Physics in Nankai, Brother Yutai found it difficult for his three students to understand the knowledge and theory system when teaching with German textbooks.

Germany is a country that attaches great importance to education and has a very high level of education. German undergraduate physics textbooks are equivalent to American master's textbooks, and German master's students study the same literature as American doctoral students.

In the field of physics and mathematics, the United States at this time did not consider itself a power in physics and mathematics.

In the face of the German mathematical system, Americans are not only not proud and proud, but a little inferior.

Many American Ph.D. students in mathematics and physics have graduated, and they have to go to Germany for a few years to study as a postdoctoral fellow, so that they can be regarded as successful in their studies and complete their merits.

Therefore, it is indeed inappropriate for Brother Yutai to use German undergraduate physics textbooks to teach Chinese undergraduate students.

Now, Brother Yutai asked Li Kangping to help solve the problem, and Kangping naturally would not refuse.

Textbooks and professional literature in the United States are quite expensive.

Li Kangping calculated that the amount of the list of books listed by Brother Yu Tai was almost $1,700.

Counting the cost of sea transportation, the more than 5,000 yuan allocated by President Boling to the Department of Physics of Nankai was spent by Brother Yutai at once.