Speaking of which, since Zhao Yu came to this world, he really doesn't know much about the city. The first big city he entered was Guangzhou, but at that time the enemy and us had changed hands many times, and after experiencing the military turmoil, he didn't have to think too much to know what it was like; The second big city is Quanzhou, but it was also fought after more than a month of fighting, and it is already full of holes.

Qiongzhou Mansion is the city where Zhao Yu has lived for the longest time, if it is a city. But after he entered the city, he carried out a large-scale renovation of Qiongzhou City, improved the urban facilities, and carried out 'patriotic health education' for the residents, and the population was much smaller, and there has been no large-scale pollution, and even the palace was full of stench.

After entering Lin'an City, to be honest, Zhao Yu's activity area is extremely limited, and he has not been able to go to every corner, and he has to organize a people's congress to clean up when he wants to go out of Lin'an Mansion, showing a prosperous and clean side in front of him, so it is difficult to see the dirty and dirty side. In his previous life, he was influenced by film and television dramas, and he always took it for granted that it must be as clean and tidy as in the movie city. On the other hand, many American dramas, as well as many domestic jokes about the European Middle Ages, render medieval European cities filthy.

It is said that before the Age of Enlightenment, one of the prominent sights and features in European cities was the dung in the streets. A seventeenth-century antique dealer once recorded the remains of Charles II and his royal family on holiday in Oxford: "Although they looked well-dressed and happy, they were very rude and rude. As they left, everywhere, in the chimney, in the study, in the bedroom, in the cellar, there was feces everywhere. ”

Before the eighteenth century, it was a social custom in most European cities to dispose of feces directly from windows on the streets on a daily basis. The glory of the public bathing era, which has been handed down from ancient Rome, is gone, and the filthy body is seen as closer to God. St. Abraham did not wash his face or feet for fifty years. St. Simon allowed the worms to arch over his festering wounds and never washed them, and St. Eulflacia entered a convent with more than a hundred nuns, who never bathed.

In medieval monasteries, monks were only allowed to bathe twice a year, but the monastery of St. Benoit stipulated that even if a patient's condition required bathing, the screening procedures were very strict, especially for the able-bodied and "young" monks. Not bathing became a symbol of holiness. People will not hesitate to canonize those who are brave enough not to bathe as saints. Even the metropolises of Paris and London are no exception, and when walking on the streets, you have to be careful of droppings falling from the sky, and people have to cover up the stench on their bodies with perfume powder.

And under the propaganda of the 'public knowledge', Zhao Yu has always thought that ancient China is as they say. Since ancient times, China has attached great importance to agricultural top dressing, and cherished manure as a valuable agricultural fertilizer. Since the Tang Dynasty, feces have been a commodity, and some people have made a huge fortune by removing dung. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, when rice cultivation was developed, manure from southern towns often became a sought-after commodity. In ancient times, urban drainage had ditch drainage, which was directly discharged into the river, seepage wells, and managed by special personnel. There is absolutely no chance that feces will fall from the sky and sewage will be everywhere.

After the pollution of the water source in the palace, Zhao Yu realized the deep meaning of the phrase "no right to speak" without understanding. After making many inquiries and visits, he learned that the situation reported by Cai Wanyi was only the tip of the iceberg of the entire health situation, and in fact it was not serious, but very serious, and there were public health crises all the time.

As early as the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an, the world's largest city, already had a pollution problem. Due to the rapid expansion of towns and cities, the population has exploded, and the problem of infectious diseases related to drainage has become more prominent. Seepage wells mean that sewage is discharged directly into the ground, which will also have a significant impact on people's health. The ditch has an open ditch and a dark ditch, but because of the open ditch, there are more mosquitoes and flies in Chang'an City, so that they can't be repelled.

In addition, due to the topography of Chang'an, it also faced a problem as serious as modern times - waterlogging. Many houses and warehouses in the city are mostly made of mud, so sometimes a serious waterlogging is enough to paralyze the entire Chang'an City. In addition, the city's roads are not all paved with bricks and stones, and the frequent waterlogging is enough to turn the roads into 'cement roads', so that there are even occupations in Chang'an City that specialize in helping people carry luggage and cross those large and small puddles in the city. While bringing employment opportunities to these people, waterlogging also brought many large and small plagues to Chang'an City.

Some people will say that this is impossible, as early as the Qin and Han dynasties, it was known that the sewers were paved, and many drainage projects are still playing a role in modern times, and Chang'an, as the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, will never have waterlogging. But the fact is that in the second year of the opening of the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen of Sui ordered Yu Wenkai to build Daxing City, which was completed in nine months. However, the construction period given by the emperor was too short, and when building the sewer in Daxing City, Yu Wenkai did not connect the underground pipes laid together in order to save the amount of work and time, but left many unconnected vertical pipes, allowing the exported sewage to be discharged freely.

After more than 300 years, Zhu Wen entered Chang'an and hijacked Tang Zhaozong into Luoyang, one of the reasons is that "Chang'an water is bitter", for such an international metropolis, Chang'an's underground water source has been polluted and become salty and halogenated in the continuous discharge of feces and urine for more than 300 years, and is no longer suitable for large-scale people to live. As a result, Chang'an never became the capital of a dynasty in Chinese history, and the pollution of underground water sources may have been a consideration for the rulers when choosing the capital.

Since the Tang Dynasty suffered like this, did the Song Dynasty alleviate it? Unfortunately, the answer is no, even because the rapid development of commerce in the Song Dynasty further exacerbated the city's sanitation problems. The biggest health problem in the two Song Dynasty is actually the pollution of urban rivers. For Chinese cities at that time, rivers were the real lifeblood, not only providing drinking water for urban life, but also an important channel for maintaining the operation of cities.

After Zhao Yu flipped through some of the notes of his predecessors, he felt that he couldn't even drink tea. He saw that the painting style of the city's rivers was: residents on both sides of the river, building sheds across the river one after another, and suffocating filth like ditches. And it's not just like dumping domestic garbage in the river, sometimes people can't afford to buy land for burial because they have dead people's homes, so they directly throw some corpses into the river. If the river was not clean, then the well water was actually even worse, because there were many desperate people at that time...... It can be seen that no one can be sure that the well water you drink is not soaked in something strange.

In a miscellaneous record, Zhao Yu also saw such a record, speaking of which is not too long, that is, before the fall of Lin'an City, said: The things that people sweep away, all poured out of the door, the ashes of the stove, the porcelain crumbs, piled up like a mountain, the street is higher than the house, and the people go down the steps, such as falling into the pit valley; The road is filthy, especially in Beijing, the nakedness is lifted during the day, the officials are not avoided, the body is profane, and the villains are accustomed to each other and secretly dispel their respect.

The meaning of this phrase is that each family piles up their garbage outside the door, and when the garbage is pushed on the street, people walk on it as if they are coming down from a mountain. Many ordinary people openly defecate on the streets, which is obviously beyond the capacity of the documentary. In addition to defecation and defecation, the streets are also covered with people's daily garbage and waste.

Speaking of which, some people may say that there were no special dung diggers in ancient China? Especially in this era, there is no chemical pollution, and even the garbage is organic matter, which can be used for fertilizer. And so much fecal garbage, which is not only a valuable fertilizer, but also pure green and pollution-free, just to be used, put into modern times are money, how can it be wasted.

Zhao Hao thought that these words could not be completely wrong, manure is indeed a good fertilizer, and dung diggers do exist, but who told you whether they sincerely serve the people! The fact is that at that time, excrement was a monopoly industry, controlled by gangsters, in order to maximize profits, they often deliberately did not remove the fecal garbage in time for the sky-high asking price, and after it was piled up, the unbearable citizens would agree to the harsh conditions of the excavators, and pay a high price to order them to clean up.

Because of this special interest, often the filth in the city cannot be removed in time, and the stench has become the norm in the city. Those who have a little property will go to the toilet in a dung bucket and have the dung diggers move out. And the poor, who have nothing, can only solve their own problems in the corners of the city. The blockage of open ditches and culverts has made the pollution even more serious. When it rains, it is equivalent to living in sewage; When I left the palace, I walked in the garbage heap together......

Now to the point where the problem is not solved, although Zhao Yu does not think that he will still use Hangzhou as the capital in the future, but the time is not something he can decide, and then he can transform Lin'an City as a model of urban construction, and at the same time leave a humanistic heritage to future generations, revise the record of the ancient city in history, maybe it can really benefit future generations.

So Zhao Yu summoned Qi Yaqing, the secretary of the Ministry of Industry, and asked him to quickly find out the current situation of the city, find out the cause of pollution, and then come up with a plan to repair and transform Lin'an City, completely solve the problem, and return the green mountains and clear waters of the capital.

The emperor personally asked, and the people of the Ministry of Industry naturally did not dare to slack off, and immediately devoted themselves to investigation and research. In May, the Ministry of Industry's pollution investigation report was finally sent to Zhao Hao's desk, and the main problem was that after the construction of the capital to Hangzhou, the population has poured in, industry and commerce have flourished, and the scale of the city has expanded, which has led to the contradiction between urban development and environmental sanitation. However, there has been no large-scale renovation and renovation in the nearly 200 years since the construction of Yanhua, which has led to the decline of the functions of various facilities, which makes the problem more serious.

First of all, the increase in the population of Lin'an City and the breaking of the fang market system have caused a shortage of urban land use, and street invasion has become a way for people to solve the narrow living space. Residents encroached on the streets to build houses, resulting in the streets in the difficult to pass the "big car", roads, bridges were occupied by public and private houses, businesses and shops and other buildings, and during the fall, the city management was out of control, this phenomenon was more serious, people not only took the opportunity to encroach on the streets, and even filled the river pond to compete for land, Zhao Yu thought about even the North Palace was occupied by people, which shows how serious the situation was at that time.

Although the widespread invasion of the streets was influenced by people's excessive pursuit of money and profit, it caused the result of urban chaos and disorder, and greatly damaged the urban environment of the Song Dynasty. Due to the influx of people into the central area, people have to eat, drink and lasa every day, and countless household garbage is produced every day. Some of this garbage is dumped directly on the road. There are also some folk customs that are mostly carried out in the streets, which also leave a lot of garbage, but the streets are narrow and difficult to clean, so they can only be piled up more and more.

In addition, Lin'an City is the political and economic center of the country, with many business travelers coming and going, and a large number of livestock-powered vehicles also walk on the city's roads. With so many livestock walking in the city, a large amount of manure is inevitably produced, which also pollutes the street environment. In addition, most of the urban roads are dirt roads, and there is a lot of dust. Not only did the emperor have to sprinkle and sweep the road, but even the dignitaries and dignitaries had to "have a few people in front of the car, hold a water jar, and sprinkle the passing car, so as not to flourish", so that this kind of sprinkling water road has a special name of 'waterway'.

As an important source of water, rivers are polluted, and the well water in the city is also polluted repeatedly. As a modern person, Zhao Yu knows very well that since groundwater is the source of well water, polluting groundwater will inevitably pollute well water. Therefore, whether it is a river canal or an abandoned well, as long as the soil is polluted, it may cause well water pollution.

Because most of the wells in this era are earthen wells, there is no barrier between the well water and the soil, so the harmful substances in the soil are very easy to pollute the well water, especially the streets and canals in the city are seriously polluted, which directly causes harm to the soil and groundwater, and then aggravates the pollution of the well water. The city has a large population and many businesses, and each well is responsible for a large water supply, and the fall of garbage is also very easy to cause well water pollution. In addition, due to the very high frequency of use of wells, the well water lacks self-cleaning time and is often in a turbid state.

In addition, there is another source of pollution in the city that cannot be ignored. Due to the increasing development of the handicraft industry, printing, silk weaving, printing and dyeing and paper making are all major polluters, and the military workshops gradually moved north to the capital, and these workshops are generally built near rivers and lakes, which has also become an important factor in the deterioration of water sources.

To solve these problems now, Zhao Yu knows that it is not only a huge project, but also requires a strong hand and a resolute attitude, and it is also a test of the imperial court's ability to govern......