"I saw that your armor was well furnished, so I came in to take a look. … Zhou Dongtian spoke a strange Cantonese official dialect, but fortunately, there was not much difference between the official dialect of this time and space and the Nanjing dialect, and the shopkeeper could still understand it if he spoke slowly.

The environment here is really good, this Pan Jianyuan bookstore between the shop room and the backyard door, there is a small courtyard, there are a number of bamboo trees planted next to the stone-paved path, and there are various pots on the ground.

In the blank space of the wall, there is a blue mottled sword, and below it is a red sandalwood case with a piano brick, and a guqin. A Wanli imitation Xuande furnace curled with green smoke, and a fragrant aroma drifted lightly in the air.

"The lord praised it falsely." The shopkeeper accompanied the smiling face, "Looking at the appearance of the master, it should be a family name." ”

Of course, there is no department name, Zhou Dongtian is not an expatriate intelligence officer, so there is no need to deliberately get a department name. However, in ancient times, there was no national networked academic qualification inquiry system, and Guangdong was thousands of miles away, so it was not difficult to fabricate a fake identity and fake academic qualifications. Zhou Dongtian didn't dare to brag about whether he was lifting people and lifting people, the number of each province was still limited, Nanjing was the capital of Liudu, and there were people from all provinces across the country.

Therefore, he claims to be a showman, and there are many more talents than lifters, and there are many huā in it.

"Oh, oh, look at the old man's spring breeze, the township test must be successful. Congratulations, congratulations! ”

“xiexie。“ In the field, Mo paper "just look at luck." ”

"Master Zhou is coming to Jinling to study, do you want to choose a few new books?" The shopkeeper of the bookstore pondered and recommended: "Little old man, there are a few hand-edited and selected ink by Mr. Qishan, all of which are good words......

Mr. Qishan is Zhang Zilie. Not many people in the old planes knew about this person. Zhou Dongtian knew: When he was in the printing office, he used modern printing equipment to print some books, including the "Kangxi Dictionary". And one of the blueprints of the "Kangxi Dictionary", "Zhengzitong", is the work of this Mr. Qishan.

Zhou Dongtian knew that Zhang Zilie was a prisoner of Nanjing Guozi at that time, and he had never been a jinshi. Looking at the tone of the bookstore shopkeeper, it is obvious that this Mr. Qishan has a high attainment in Baguwen, so much so that the ink he is responsible for compiling has become a kind of call.

He waved his hand: "No need. Do you have some interesting and new books here? ”

"Why not?" The shopkeeper looked at Zhou Dongtian and Mei Lin, who were about the children of wealthy businessmen in Guangdong, and they had a reputation on their bodies, and they had already opened up their joints in the science field. Such a person must first be novel when reading books, he thought about it for a while, and took a new book from the bookshelf, "This book, I wonder if Master Zhou has read it?" It is the work of the Tessie people. ”

Zhou Dongtian saw that it was Xu Guangqi's "Geometric Original". This book should have been published in 1 foot. Now this Nanjing can still be bought, it seems that the sales of books are not very good, the ancient mathematics of China is very deep in algebra, geometry is relatively backward, such a book full of new concepts and nouns except for a very few people who are interested in it, I am afraid that few people are willing to ask.

"This book is a novelty. It is compiled by Xu Shanghai, the book of the Ministry of Rites, and it is said that it is the original work of the Taixi people, and Xu Shangshu personally translated Ze. It's just that there are few people who can understand it. ”

Zhou Dongtian opened it and looked at it, the book printing was very exquisite, and some chapters were accompanied by pictures, and he saw that "right angles", "obtuse angles", and "similar triangles" were mentioned from time to time

Zhou Dongtian suddenly returned to his junior high school days. It turns out that these terms were already in existence at that time!

He didn't know that these geometric terms, including the word geometry, were all translated by Xu Guangqi.

Seeing that he was interested, the shopkeeper quickly took out other basic books and piled them up on the desk, Zhou Dongtian looked at them, most of them were Xu Guangqi's works and the works of the missionaries who turned Ze: "Sweet Potato Shu", "Agricultural Relics and Miscellaneous Books", "Draft Agricultural Books", "Taixi Water Law",

"Hun Gai Tong Xian Tu Shuo" and many other kinds. There are many kinds of books, including agricultural books such as Xu Guangqi's works, mathematics books, such as "Synthesis", "Measurement Method", astronomy and hydraulic works, Zuihou and Matteo Ricci's "On Making Friends" such aphorisms.

Zhou Dongya looked through them one by one, he was actually not interested in the content of the books, these books would not be better than the big libraries on jishu, he looked at the binding and printing of books.

Ancient books are characterized by large characters, and the font size of these books is at least one by modern standards. Zhou Dongtian has always considered this question, weishenme ancient printed books should use such a large font? Some say it was a problem with the printing jishu, while others say it was because of poor lighting in ancient times, and it was necessary to adopt a larger font for easy reading.

Zhou Dongtian didn't have time to read the content carefully for a while, so he took care of Cai Yibang and bought them all and returned with a full load. When he made the payment, he found that the price of the books was quite expensive. At the price level at that time, it was difficult for ordinary people to afford it. Even if a poor person wants to buy all the four books and the five classics, it is not an easy task. It is not surprising that the scholars of this time and space can enjoy all kinds of privileges, and the money and time invested to get a fame are doomed to the monopoly of knowledge.

The owner of the bookstore made a good deal and was very happy. Zhou Dongtian took advantage of the situation and proposed to see the workshop of stereotyped book printing.

"The workshop is full of black ink, I'm afraid it will stain the ......clothes of the two Xiangmo," the shopkeeper was a little surprised by this request, there were many scholars who came to him to buy books, and the xìng grid was also five huā eight doors, but no one had ever been interested in the workshop of printing books.

"Yes, these two are good readers, and they are very curious about how books are printed.

Please also ask the shopkeeper to be accommodating. Cai Yibang also helped to speak.

The shopkeeper pondered for a moment, but there was no one in the workshop who could not see the east nose, and there was no such thing as engraving and printing, there was no "secret skill" that could be kept secret, as long as you found a few masters of engraving, printing and binding, you would know everything. It doesn't matter if these two old men are curious and want to see it.

Bad, then the little old man will lead the way. The shopkeeper stood up and said a few words to the man.

He immediately led them to the backyard.

A group of people walked through the backyard door, walked through the sandwich road, and faced with a wind and fire wall that had been eroded for a long time, and the gatehouse stood with the eaves and corners. This is the printing workshop. The form of the house is mainly blue bricks, white walls, and black tiles.

Push the door in, and there is a large courtyard paved with bluestone slabs. The plane is in the shape of a hollow figure, the central axis is symmetrical, and the main hall is the main body. The upper, middle and lower halls are connected, and there are one to three rows of side rooms on both sides of the hall. It serves as a dormitory and workshop for workers. There are ponds in the yards to store rainwater, and there are rows of shelves that are paved with sunbaths.

Zhou Dongtian noticed that the hall here was very high, and there were high walls of wind and fire between the courtyards. Books are printed using a large amount of wood, paper and books, all of which are flammable, and the cistern in the courtyard and the wind-fire wall separating the courtyards play a role in fire prevention.

There are people busy in the hall and side rooms, and there are people carrying materials in the courtyard from time to time. There was someone in the house who was writing a book sample based on the selected blueprint. Choosing a good book is the first step in making a good book. In addition to collecting the author's manuscripts, the basket book is to select rare books from the past - the concept of copyright in ancient times, regardless of the works of the present and ancients, as long as the bookstore owner thinks it is appropriate, it can be used for engraving.

Because it is so important to have a good base, the owner of the bookstore is often a discerning editionist himself, and is good at finding useful copies from the piles of old papers in second-hand bookstores. Some bookstore owners make friends with well-known bibliophiles in order to obtain their collection of rare and rare books. In Nanjing, Suzhou and Hangzhou, there are also a number of so-called book engravers who are literati and bibliophiles, most of whom are well-educated and wealthy gentry: for example, Hu Yinglong, a Nanjing bibliophile who once published the Compendium of Materia Medica.

There are always more than a dozen copyists in Pan Jianyuan's bookstore, and contrary to Zhou Dongtian's imagination, they are all real "copyists", although they can read words, can write a beautiful regular script, and can write reverse characters, but they have no culture. It's a completely mechanical job. Therefore, in general books, typos, misspellings, and even incomprehensible situations often occur. Therefore, the owner of the bookstore also had to hire a few scribes who generally used the word "delay" to compile and revise. Some less elaborate bookstores will save this cost.

In the main hall, lettering workers are working at their desks.

Blank bookboards are stacked under the eaves of the verandah for use. The carved bookplates are stacked on the other side. Under the eaves, various bookboards are piled up. The shopkeeper said that more pear wood and jujube wood are used than haode engraving materials. Fruit trees have a hard texture and delicate texture, and the price is not expensive, which is the best material for carving books. This is where the idiom of calamity comes from.

The engravers paste the "writing samples" written by the transcribers on the bookboard, and then the carvers use different forms of carving knives to carve the reverse characters on the board into raised yang characters, and at the same time remove the remaining blank parts of the woodblock and make it concave. The characters engraved on the board should be one to two millimeters above the surface.

The carved haode bookboard was sent to the courtyard, and the casual workers picked buckets of hot water to rinse the carved haode board and wash away the wood chips and ink marks. The stereotyping process is complete.

A page of a book is a board. If a book has 300 pages, it has to have 300 boards.

The manpower and material resources of huā are incalculable. Therefore, it is difficult to get a manuscript that does not know the market prospect to be published unless it is published at the expense of the sī people themselves. It's no surprise that books are scarce and expensive. @。