Volume 1 The First Cry Chapter 66 Eye-Opening (II)
Fuso's "Metropolitan Procuratorate" is composed of various items headed by the big metsu, of which the big metsu is directly under the old middle, the metsuke is directly under the old man, the big metsu is directly under the year of the mail, the big metsu is responsible for the small imperial court, the princes, the high family and the big body flag book of the imperial family, the next level of the mefu is responsible for supervising the ordinary flag book and the imperial family at all levels, and the subordinate is the patrol envoy and the hermit.
The six divisions of the six departments of the Three Houses of China are officials, soldiers, rituals, households, criminals, and workers, and the corresponding institutions of the shogunate are as follows:
The shogunate relied entirely on nominations to recruit people, and the candidates for service relied on both internal and external promotions, and those who were qualified could be nominated, and the high-level positions and important positions relied on the generals and the old middle, and the middle and lower-level positions relied on the upper echelons to pat their heads.
As for the external moves, they don't avoid revenge, anyway, the meat is rotten in the pot, everyone has loved and killed each other for more than 200 years, and who hasn't had two rivals.
Fuso's military department is more complicated, because of the feudal system, the shogunate has its own troops, the princes have their own troops, and the shogunate's flag also has its own private troops, and only the royal family is crying and fainting in the toilet.
The direct troops of the shogunate are divided into the Obantou group, the new Fantou group, the Imperial Minor Surname Group, the Imperial Academy Group, the Stay-behind Group and the direct troops of the local acting officials.
There are 12 groups of shogunate daiban, stationed in Edo, under the direct command of Lao Zhong and Wakanian, each group includes one bantou, four group heads, 50 fans, 10 yoritsu, and 20 concentrics, plus the total strength of each group is about 400, and the total strength of the 12 groups is about 5,000 people—the ancestors of the neighbors of Naohide are all members of the Daibangumi.
The new head group is the general's travel escort; As the name suggests, the imperial small surname group is the general's personal soldier "small surname" - Oguri Tadashun is impressively listed; The Imperial Academy Group is responsible for guarding the personal safety of the generals, similar to the Chinese masters of the Great Interior; The Stay-at-Home Group was responsible for the security of Edo Castle, similar to the guards of the Imperial Castle in China.
There are also troops in the royal commanders of various places.
In addition to the standing army, the reserve army is all the samurai of the shogunate, and since they are called samurai, if something happens to the shogunate, all the flags and the imperial family are responsible for going into battle.
Because there were no imperial examinations, and the small imperial court also held rituals, the shogunate's ceremonial department shrank into the Gao family, the sorcerer, the scholars, and the official school. The Gao family is a special flag rank, mostly the descendants of famous daimyo who have lost their land, and the performer fan and the lord are the daimyo, and the general daimyo of the lord is relatively low in the height of the territory.
In addition to the Edo school, there are also branch schools in various parts of the Imperial Domain, such as the Meirondo Hall in Nagasaki, the Seiseikan Hall in Kofu, the Meishinkan in Sunfu, the Shukyokan in Sado, and the Shoko Academy.
Interestingly, the shogunate official Gakusho Hiraharu did not have direct jurisdiction over not only the feudal offices of the major daimyos, but also the private schools and private schools in the imperial domain.
In addition, the "Ministry of Rites" of Fuso also includes the Astronomical Prescription, the Book Worship Office, and the Celestial Sect's subordinate Fan Book and Reconciliation Imperial Office. After the opening of the shogunate, it became an academic institution such as the Institute of Western Studies, the Kaisei Institute, and the Institute of Linguistics.
The "Tobe" of Fuso consisted of samurai led by Kanjo and Kanjo Ginmi, and the candidates were generally selected from the Daiseki Banner Books. The Kannaku was appointed by four people, two of whom were the victors and two of whom were the official parties, and the victors were responsible for the administration of finances and the territories directly under the shogunate, and the prefectures, local officials, and Tibetan commissioners of the imperial domain.
One of the more interesting ones is the official party, which is in charge of litigation affairs, which is related to the fact that the Imperial Consulate is in charge of litigation in addition to civil affairs.
There are four to six people in the survey, and the officials are also from the flag, and the responsibilities are the same as those of the survey, which can be regarded as the assistant of the survey, but they are mainly responsible for the audit work.
Interestingly, Fusang because of the feudal system, resulting in the chaos of civil household registration management, detailed household registration management instead depends on the temple, the formation of the "temple invitation system", also known as "Danjia Temple invitation", birth, old age, sickness and death, weddings and funerals, travel, relocation must be issued by the temple to issue certificates. As for whether there is a desire to use Buddhism to suppress the gods and religions that originated in the royal family, this is a matter of opinion between the benevolent and the wise.
The religious power of Fuso was strong, and the shogunate set up a temple shrine to manage the temple shrines of the imperial domain, and subordinate subordinates were retained and served, and temple shrines were also set up in the offices of the imperial government in various parts of the imperial domain.
The temple shrine commission, the Kanjo commission, and the Edo town commissioner are collectively known as the three commissions, and they are the first among the civil officials under the old middle and Wakanian, and the temple shrine is selected from among the pedigree daimyo who served as the performer.
The shogunate organization similar to the Ministry of Works was led by the Shimosanjo Commissioner, who was in charge of the construction and repair, the Kokosu was in charge of the construction and repair, and the Kokokosu was in charge of the renovation of the Kaneiji Temple and the Zojoji Temple of the Shogun's family temple.
When carrying out major projects, the shogunate usually ordered the princes to assist in the work, which was called "Tetsu Pusu", which constituted the three major obligations of the princes to the shogunate, together with the help of troops and the explanation required by the shogunate.
The shogunate did not have a so-called "criminal department", and civil and criminal lawsuits were directly heard by local government offices, and appeals were generally not accepted, and major cases were referred to assessment offices for trial.
The assessment office was in charge of lawsuits between the flagships and royal families of the shogunate, as well as lawsuits between different social classes, such as Edo townspeople, monks, and samurai, and was the high-level legal agency of the shogunate.
The assessment office is directly subordinate to the shogun, and the general presiding officer is composed of an old middle or a wakanian, plus a temple commissioner, a survey commissioner, and an Edo town commissioner.
As for the disputes and disputes between the daimyo and the feudal clans, the decision had to be made by the shogunate's old junior high school council, and then the shogun made the final decision.
That's basically the central organ of the shogunate, the old middle school assessment committee composed of the daimyo of the pedigree is high, and the various commissioners and heads of the big body banner have the actual power, and the imperial three families, the imperial three secretaries and the Tokugawa pro-clan "Imperial Gate" are responsible for reaping benefits and making small reports, supervising how the old middle school evaluation committee is running, and when they hear the news, they run to the shogun and Ooku and cry, "This Tokugawa family eats jujube pills."
As for the appearance of the daimyo, the shogunate can't eat it, so he can only honestly ask for help, send troops to help and explain to him, and he is always ready to be found by the shogunate. But as a subordinate welfare, you can ask the shogunate for help if something happens, borrow food, borrow money and borrow soldiers, and you can also go to Edo to cry if you are bullied by your neighbors, and the shogunate will definitely take care of it, as for the result, it's hard to say - Date is not a whole annihilation of friendly troops.
It was not without exception that some of the daimyo and even the subordinates of the daimyo became high-ranking officials of the shogunate, but the results were not very good.
For example, in the second year of Genroku (1689), Toyoaki Yamauchi, the lord of the Tosa Nitta Domain, was trusted by the shogun at the time, Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, and was promoted to Wakanian Yoshi.
Edo was the place where the shogun was stationed, and the power and status pursued by the northern and southern towns of Edo were very large, similar to the Kaifeng Prefecture Yin of the Song Dynasty, which was selected from the Daisei Banner and was under the jurisdiction of the Old Middle School Evaluation Council.
As for the magistrates of the shogunate, there were Enkoku Daishi, Kokudai, County Commissioner, and Local Governor, and with the exception of Kyoto Shoshishi, Fushimi Daishiro, Osaka Castle Daiyo, Osaka Joban, and Osaka Kaban, who were held by the Daimyo or Goichi Hon, all other important positions were held by Hatamoto.
In the early days of the Tokugawa shogunate, some of the national dynasties were also held by the daimyo of the Kokudai, but this gradually decreased, and the flag became the main source of candidates for the national dynasty.
In the early days of the shogunate, the shogunate tried to reduce the territories of the daimyo of foreign daimyos, and as a result, in addition to the basic areas of the Kanto Plain, Noo Plain, Plain, and Tokaido, many small territories were built in various parts of Fuso, and in the middle of the Edo period, the prefectures and lordships of the shogunate combined with 47 countries and more than 1,200.
Among the various officials of the shogunate, the Shogunate was the most honorable in the country and the distant country. After serving as the Enkoku Commissioner, the Kamada Prefecture and Edo Town Governors went up, so the Oguri family belonged to the first-class Flagoto family.
In the early and middle Tokugawa shogunate, the small imperial court and the outer daimyo were suppressed, and the open and secret battles within the shogunate at that time only occurred between the inner dynasty close to the shogun, the outer dynasty headed by Lao Zhong, and the internal between each of them, because Fuso did not have eunuchs, and the pedigree daimyo and the daimyo often switched back and forth between the inner and outer dynasties, so it can also be seen as the internal struggle between the various factions composed of the pedigree daimyo and the daimyo banner.
The Tokugawa clan "Imperial Gate" can sometimes get a good position, and the Imperial Three Families and the Imperial Three Secretaries can only do it and watch, and only when the general is the heir can it break out, from the head of the family to the general, and then a large number of original retainers will ascend to heaven.
Edo Castle's Oku, as the general's mother and wife, sometimes also play an incredible role, the pillow wind is very strong, or because of the filial piety that is parallel with loyalty, the mother's words are not listened to, at least pretend, so many pedigree daimyo and flag books also take the path of Oku, and it is generally believed that they can not offend and resolutely not offend Oku.
Especially when the general is the heir, the big man often bursts out with eye-catching power, a sentence "I want to see how the selected Nishimaru is good", the general is going to be the heir, as a wife, mother's words, at this time to say particularly sympathetic, contrary to the words of human feelings and heavenly principles can not be said, so often achieve the effect of a veto.
At the end of the Edo period, the internal struggle of the shogunate became more intense due to external pressure, and the various factions composed of the Daimyo and the Daishiki Banner sought foreign help, some sought the support of the powerful Daimyo Daimyo and some sought the support of the small imperial court, and at the same time, the contradiction between the Daishiki Daimoto and the middle and lower samurai was also increasing, and the shogunate struggle at the end of the Edo period was a big whirlpool, starting from the Daimyo and the Daishimoto, involving the upper and lower levels of Fuso, and finally scuttling the big ship of the Shogunate inside and out.