After Wang Mang's head was cut off in the last years of Xin Mang, it has been collected by the Eastern Han Dynasty royal family.

When Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was taken to Chang'an by Dong Zhuo, he also took Wang Mang's head with him.

Later, this head was still obtained by Guo someone, and it was dedicated to Liu Jian together with the jade seal of the country.

After Liu Jian's Zen position, this thing naturally returned to Guo Someone's hands.

Why did the Eastern Han royal family collect this head, Guo someone can probably come up with a reason, which is probably a mockery of the Han royal family.

Guo, as the emperor of the Han Dynasty, is naturally different from Wang Mang, who usurped the Han Dynasty, and in order to show this difference, Wang Mang's head must also be hidden.

So Wang Mang is really unlucky.

Still, he was killed by a series of his own puzzling reforms.

From top to bottom, from the inside to the outside, no one is satisfied with Wang Mang, and even the people at the bottom do not think that Wang Mang's new policy is good for them, which shows how failed Wang Mang is.

Even so, his policy of removing the second place has been handed down.

It not only meets the needs of etiquette and avoidance, but also successfully makes people feel that single-character names are noble and double-character names are lowly.

As a result, some prisoners have been renamed for political reasons, and since then they have not been able to hold their heads up in front of others, nor in front of their descendants, and in serious cases, they will even commit suicide.

The difference between a single-word name and a two-word name is terrifying.

But in Guo's opinion, this is not very convenient, and it is not very good.

During this period, the population was small, so it was good to do this, and the rate of duplicate names would not be very high.

After all, before Guo started a business, it was good for many people to have a surname, and in the case of illiteracy, a small name will accompany them for life, and there is no condition for taking a name at all, and it is even more impossible to form a name.

So there's nothing wrong with a one-word name.

When Guo began to count the population, he required the common people to have surnames and names.

It can't be a small name, it must be a big name, and if you can't take it, let the grassroots officials help them name it, so Liu Dawang, Li San, or something, can only take a single-word name anyway.

But then, as the demographics accelerated, more and more people faced the situation of duplicate names, and there were many people who needed to avoid it.

Including Guo Someone, after becoming the emperor, his [Peng] word, everyone can't use it, and it must be avoided, Guo Dan is the emperor, and the [single] word can't be used.

This has caused a lot of trouble for many people to choose a name.

There are only so many words, you change them back and forth, can you still make your own words?

Learn Wu Zetian?

When the time comes, a Zhang Wei will be rampant in the world, you are also Zhang Wei, I am also Zhang Wei, he is also Zhang Wei, if there is an emperor named Zhang Wei, okay, let's change the name together.

In order to avoid secrecy, the imperial court stipulated that when the word [Peng] was written in the future, it should be replaced by "peng", and the word [single] should be replaced by the word [one].

If this continues, I don't know when the renaming will become a huge trouble for the empire.

Therefore, after Guo has dealt with some big things, this kind of big things that are not big things must also be put on the agenda, and it is imperative to change the avoidance system and abolish the policy of [removing the second name].

Guo convened a meeting and convened officials from Shangshutai and the cabinet to discuss with them the matter of changing the policy of avoiding the system and removing the second name.

As soon as they heard about it, the ministers felt a little strange, and they didn't know why the emperor suddenly remembered this.

That is, Zao only expected this matter, so he stood up and expressed his support.

"In recent years, there have been more and more household registration statistics, and the population growth rate has never been seen before, and His Majesty requires everyone to register their correct names into the household register.

In the future, if there are more and more Wei households, there will be more and more people with the same name, and one Zhang San will be enough, thousands of Zhang San, who knows who is who? In this way, it will be very troublesome for the imperial court to rule, and such a problem has to be taken into account. ”

Zao Yi opened his mouth and said: "Your Majesty's move is beneficial to the country. ”

Zao only showed his supportive attitude, and then Guo Peng looked at the others.

For example, Cui Yan, the secretary of the Ministry of Rites.

Cui Yan felt Guo Peng's gaze.

He had no choice but to stand up.

"Your Majesty, the minister thinks that this kind of thing has been a hundred years old, and it has become a custom, and it is something that everyone agrees on.

And the biggest resistance is not in the same name, but in the avoidance, according to the etiquette system, the descendants should be the predecessors to avoid, when the king to avoid, if it is a two-character name, the scope of the avoidance will be greatly increased, will bring greater trouble to the descendants.

If you follow the etiquette system and avoid it for His Holiness, then the double name will never be feasible, if you don't have two names, as Zao Butang said, this double name situation is indeed embarrassing, how to change, I'm afraid it is not something that can be decided overnight, please think twice. ”

Although what Cui Yan said is not so good, it is indeed the truth.

From the Spring and Autumn Period [for the venerable, for the relatives, for the sage], avoidance is the trouble of everyone later.

But for the absolute monarchy, this is also a kind of help, reminding people from all aspects to pay attention to the superiority and inferiority, conducive to rule, is an important part of the feudal ethical system.

Avoidance is a big proposition, with many small propositions, such as national secrets, family secrets, holy secrets, internal secrets, constitutional secrets, personal secrets, etc., and there are many types.

With the passage of time, the feudal monarchy deepened day by day, and there were more and more rules to avoid it.

In Guo's era, avoidance mainly involves the official and family levels.

For example, about the avoidance of the emperor, the avoidance of the emperor's father, and the avoidance of the upper officials deployed under the dual monarchy, and the avoidance of the ancestors of the descendants of the family.

For Guo, maintaining the principle of avoidance is also a matter of good interest to the rule, and the hasty abolition of avoidance will inevitably encounter great resistance and is not conducive to the rule.

Therefore, in order to facilitate the demographics and future governance, Guo decided to convene the ministers to make a change and summary of the evasion system, and determine the avoidance principle of the Wei Empire from various levels, leaving a certain amount of freedom for future generations, and also convenient for the majority of Li people.

So for Cui Yan's suggestion, Guo Peng nodded.

Cui Qing is reasonable, thinking twice is definitely going to think twice, but change is also necessary, otherwise thousands of Zhang San and Li Si will pop up, and the imperial court will still count the population? Lone decided to make a comprehensive change and summary of the system of avoidance. ”

The ministers didn't know how the emperor planned to change it, but if the emperor wanted to change it, they had to follow the emperor's wishes.

In the following days, Guo Peng summoned the powerful ministers and many famous Confucian scholars to discuss the matter in the palace, and made some detailed changes to the avoidance system and the two-name system in response to the regulations and practical needs of the predecessors.

About a month or so, Guo Peng announced the specific results of this discussion.

In general, the general principle of "for the Venerable, for the relatives, and for the sages" remains unchanged, but it is necessary to make some changes on some issues under this framework.

First of all, a major premise is that on the issue of the names of the Li people, the new regulations formulated by Guo allow the Li people to take their names without having to deal with them in accordance with the principle of evasion.

After all, they don't know many words, and it's too difficult and unnecessary for them to avoid it.

In the face of the local registered people, it is allowed to choose names that do not follow the principle of avoidance, and the single-character name or two-character name is arbitrary, even if it is the emperor's name, they are allowed to use it at will.

The groups that need to be avoided are officials, scholars, and people whose property has reached a certain amount, and these people have a certain economic foundation, must be literate and knowledgeable, so they need to be avoided in accordance with the general principle of avoidance.

To be precise, it is judged according to the amount of property and status, and the vast majority of those with less property and low status do not need to be avoided, and the emperor's name can also be used by them.

This is the grace of heaven and the grace of the emperor.

The name of the emperor cannot be used indiscriminately, and the name of the family elders cannot be used indiscriminately, and many other situations must also be avoided.

And the only situation that involves the whole group that needs to be avoided, even the recitals, court documents, and contemporary records, is the name of the contemporary emperor.

Guo stipulated that as long as the emperor is alive, regardless of whether he is the current emperor or the Taishang Emperor, as long as he is alive, the name of the contemporary emperor must be avoided.

But he added a deadline to this rule, that is, when he was alive.

After the death of the contemporary emperor, the emperor's name was open to use, and there was no need to avoid it, which was regarded as the last grace left by the emperor to his descendants, and avoided some important ancient books and texts left by his predecessors from losing their original meaning in order to avoid the emperor's obscurity.

In addition, if the emperor's name is a two-character name, then as long as the emperor's two-character name is not used together, it is not taboo, and the two characters can be used separately, as long as they are not connected, there is no problem.

There are so many in general, and too many Guo people have not changed and have not shaken the foundation of this system.

Of course, there is another one that Guo Peng has emphatically taken out and changed.

Guo did not allow some powerful officials to forcibly ask their subordinates and the people of Li in the area under their administration to avoid it.

In such a situation, some officials like to exert authority in their own jurisdiction, and they openly demand that their subordinates and the people in the area under their jurisdiction avoid their own secrets.

There are also some officials who don't mean that, but some subordinates who are good at drilling camps take the initiative to avoid it, so as to curry favor with Shangguan and try to obtain political benefits.

What's more, in order to obtain more political benefits and express their own attitude, they even forcibly coerce others to take the initiative to avoid Shangguan like themselves, and those who do not do so will be excluded, framed, and put in small shoes.

Originally, everyone was okay with each other, but after such a fuss, there was a sudden difference between relatives and alienation.

For the sake of their own interests, those petty officials coerced the people in their jurisdiction to join him in avoiding Shangguan, and tried their best to drill camps.

Guo hated this status quo very much, so in the new regulations, Guo once again proposed the standard.

The so-called world is not the king's land, the shore of the land is not the king's ministers, there is only one emperor in the world, there is only one king, you are all my courtiers, just avoid it for me, and you have to go down to the officials to avoid it, what are you doing?

Want to be an emperor?

This is transgression! It's unfaithful!

Guo someone, who has been governing and cracking down on the dual monarch all along, took this opportunity to give this rule.

From now on, any subordinate official does not have to shy away from the superior.

If there is a situation of coercion by the officials, it is trespassing, and the crime is the same as rebellion!

If there is a subordinate who takes the initiative to avoid the superior, he is a villain and shameless!

If there is such a situation now, change it immediately.

Did the name given to you by your parents be used to curry favor with Shangguan?

Unfilial!

Adding the former is disloyalty and unfilial piety!

What kind of face does the disloyal and unfilial person have to stand between heaven and earth? What kind of face do you have to be an official of my Great Wei Empire?

I, Wei, govern the country with filial piety, and those who are disloyal and unfilial are not qualified to be my Wei's officials! All deposed!

Guo gave full play to his traditional skills - the traditional skills of pitting Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu to vomit blood, reversing right and wrong, reversing black and white, and secretly changing concepts, a big hat was buttoned up, and no one could afford to be disloyal and unfilial.

The famous Confucians who were still arguing at that time didn't dare to speak, and agreed with this condition put forward by Guo.

So the Wei Empire's evasive system was thus settled.

The implementation of this provision has been accompanied by amendments to the relevant laws.