Chapter 617: The Confucianism Controversy

It is said that Du Shu Du Wubo, the son of Du Ji of the Chang'an clan, has been learning music and rhythm since he was a child, and he actually won the first place in the lecture conference. Zheng Xuanshou talked about the "Book of Music", and although he was satisfied with Du Shu's decent answer, he still had shortcomings.

In fact, the focus of the "Book of Music" is not the rhythm or rhyme of the music, but the deep meaning of the music. It's a pity that in addition to the rhyme, the truth of life contained in the music was burned to ashes by Qin Shi Huang. Therefore, Du Shu did not dare to play, so that although the answer was accurate, it was dry and boring. How can ancient music, which contains the most rational things in the world, be so boring?

Du Shu's small seal name was on the whiteboard, the Du family came out on top, and the always steady patriarch Du Ji couldn't help but smile. After Wei Qian, the patriarch of the Wei family next to him, was unwilling, he glanced at his nephew behind him, revealing a dissatisfied look.

Zheng Xuan and the others quieted down again, and continued to preach: "The first birth of "Music" really started because of "Yi". The Book of Changes is the first of all the classics, and the mysteries are abnormal, and I can't study them thoroughly even though I have spent my whole life. The Book of Changes contains all the phenomena and laws of heaven and earth, the universe, nature, all things, society, and people, such as induction, rhythm, and harmony, and only the Book of Music can vividly and sensibly embody it. ”

Zheng Xuan's words were eloquent, with a halo of hope in his eyes, as if he wanted to see through the mysteries of the universe at a glance, lingering in the yearning and worship of mysterious nature. Only Chen Long knew that the ancients had never figured out what the universe was, and only infinite imagination could allow the scriptures to gallop between heaven and earth. To put it simply, everything still depends on guessing at the stage, which is inevitably mysterious and mysterious.

Although Chen Long is not disgusted with the Confucian classics, according to the experience of later generations, of course, governing the country still requires laws and systems, and only the rule of law can be proved to be correct. Therefore, for Zheng Xuan's lecture at this moment, Chen Long was only ready to mix up the qualifications of a martial arts competition to recruit relatives, and was not ready to debate with Zheng Xuan here.

Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, what the Legalists who circulated at that time admired was, of course, not the rule of law referred to by later generations, but relying on rules and regulations and technical means to make the king gain hegemony, advocating the centralization of monarchical power. If Confucianism governs the country with virtue, Legalism governs the country with power. Therefore, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Legalism far surpassed Confucianism and Taoism in influencing the king, using the two handles of punishment and virtue, rewarding and punishing, and using the three strategies of power, power, and law to control the subordinates, so as to achieve the purpose of governing the country.

The ideological source of Legalism can be traced back to Guan Zhong and Zi Chan in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it was vigorously developed by Li Kui, Wu Qi, Shang Ying, Shen Dao, Shen Bu Harm and others during the Warring States Period, and then became a school. At the end of the Warring States Period, Han Fei summarized and synthesized their doctrines, and collected the masterpieces of legalists, known as Han Feizi in history. Legalism emphasized that "no relatives are separated, no distinction between the noble and the lowly, and a break with the law", which was the school that attached the most importance to the law among the sons of the pre-Qin Dynasty, and put forward a complete set of theories and methods. This provided an effective theoretical basis for the later establishment of the centralized Qin Dynasty, which inherited the centralized system and legal system of the Qin Dynasty, and is still influential today.

Until Dong Zhongshu proposed, "Push the Kong family and suppress the hundred schools." That is, today's so-called deposition of the hundred schools of thought and exclusive respect for Confucianism began to be vigorously implemented during the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. In the "Biography of Dong Zhongshu", it is recorded that the original words proposed by Dong Zhongshu are in the "Ji Zan" of Emperor Wu, which records that the practice of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is to "depose the hundred schools and form the six classics". This thought is no longer the original appearance of Confucianism in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, but is mixed with some mixed ideas of Taoism, Legalism, and Yin and Yang Five Elements, which embodies the "compatibility" and "development" characteristics of Confucianism, and is a new thought that keeps pace with the times. It maintained the feudal ruling order and deified the autocratic royal power, so it was respected by the ancient Chinese feudal rulers and became the orthodox and mainstream ideology of traditional Chinese culture for more than 2,000 years.

Zheng Xuan's second question is put forward in this hope: "The beginning of all sounds is also the voice of people." The movement of the human heart is also made by things. Emotions are in the middle, so the form is in the sound; The sound is written in the text, so it is called the sound. Therefore, the heart of the musician is also moved; The sound of the voice is also the image of music; Literary rhythm, sound ornament also. Great happiness must be easy, great gifts must be simple, happy to have no complaints, etiquette to indisputable, concession and rule the world, etiquette is also said. I want to ask the corporal of the world today, what will happen if you use "Yi" and "Music" as a courtesy? What will happen if you are in love with "Yi" and "Music"? What will happen to "Yi" and "Music"? What will happen if "Yi" and "Music" are tested in the soul? ”

This question is a question for all the scholars, and the one with the best answer wins. The entourage quickly wrote the question in white silk and spread it to the courtyard outside, and a few bold scholars immediately answered enthusiastically, and for a time there was a chorus of harmony outside the gate, and the order was slightly chaotic. The entourage picked a few who felt that the answers were acceptable, wrote down the answers and names casually, and prepared to hand them over to Zheng Xuan.

In the lobby, Zheng Xuan naturally waited for the children of the family to stand up bravely and answer voluntarily. To tell the truth, Chen Long listened to this passage, and he didn't understand what it meant at all, so he didn't dare to stand up and answer at the moment, and finally under the coercion of Wei Qi's eyes, a timid young man stood up from behind Wei Qi, obviously a child of the Wei family, but a young man of fifteen or sixteen years old, reluctantly replied after saluting: "Kid Wei Qian Wei Boyu tried to answer." With "Yi" and "Music" as a complement to... etiquette, then the world is always orderly; With "Yi" and "Music" to express affection, the husband and wife father and son are normal; Bathing in "Yi" and "Music" will ..... physical and mental health; Speaking .......of this, he raised his eyes and looked at his father Wei Qi nervously, obviously forgetting the problems behind him.

Wei Qi saw that his beloved son was ugly, not as brilliant as Du Shu, and couldn't help but snort heavily, and Zheng Xuan's voice came: "Weak-crowned boy, it's good to have such insight." Wei Bo coveted a son like this, which shows the origin of family learning. Seeing Zheng Xuan's praise like this, Wei Qi's face looked a little better. But Zheng Xuan did not indicate to write Wei Xuan's name on the whiteboard, and Wei Qian certainly understood that his son's strength was slightly inferior.

Zheng Xuan's eyes looked at the others, and seeing that no one had answered, he asked the scholars outside the hall if there was an answer. As soon as the words fell, suddenly a person in the hall said loudly: "Master Zheng, the villain is not talented, and he is a guard, I don't know if I can answer?" ”

Find out what happens next, and listen to the next breakdown.

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