When he woke up, Zhang Luo's stomach growled.

The person in charge of logistics is Wu Chang Liao Chun, a native of Qiancheng County, Qingzhou, and one who followed Taiping Road earlier. It is also the category of "Qingzhou old brothers" under Zhang Luo's command. He doesn't have any amazing talent, but he has a great ability in Zhang Luo's opinion, that is, he does things very well. If he told Liao Chun what to do, he would do it quietly.

The logistics department is responsible for cooking, and when Zhang Luo woke up, the smell of food wafted into the house. I hadn't eaten for nearly a day, but just smelling the smell, Zhang Luo felt an appetite.

It is of course the rule of Taiping Dao to seize and hand over to the public treasury, and Zhang Luo and they will not be so stupid as to really hand it over without leaving any of them. Zhang Luo secretly ordered the brothers to hide some salt and beans, and as for the jerky, they should hide it well. And Zhang Luo told Liao Chun that he would not make dried meat and rice after returning to the city. At this time, Zhang Luo did not smell the aroma of meat.

"Team rate, we didn't dare to call you when we saw that you were sleeping soundly. The meal was left for you. Bian Xi, who was sitting and chatting with Pei Yuanshao and others, watched Zhang Luo wake up and said in a tired voice.

"Hmm!" Zhang Luo got up and tidied up his clothes, and when he went out, he saw seven or eight meals next to the stove. There is a meal for one person in the army, and it seems that he is not the latest to get up.

After gobbling up the meal, Zhang Luo immediately returned to the house, "Lao Pei, Ah Bian!" You two follow me to pick up the recruits. ”

Bian Xi was stunned, but Pei Yuanshao reacted quickly, "Team rate, have you been promoted?" ”

Zhang Luo smiled, "I've been promoted to Qu Chief, and I'm about to get recruits." You two come with me. ”

Pei Yuanshao and Bian Xi were originally sitting on the grass bunk on the ground, and when they heard this, the two of them got up. Pei Yuanshao immediately shouted: "This time the soldiers are our old brothers in Qingzhou? ”

Bian Xi's eyes are also shining, these days, his understanding of the "Qingzhou old brothers" under Zhang Liang is getting deeper and deeper, because Zhang Liang started by relying on Qingzhou missionary. He chatted with Pei Yuanshao for a while after waking up today, and he talked about a lot of things clearly.

In Pei Yuanshao's description, before the team led Zhang Luo to join Taiping Dao, he was a famous local young man in Qingzhou, who has practiced martial arts since he was a child, and now he can be said to have experienced a hundred battles. After the uprising, in Qingzhou, a small number of elite troops defeated the powerful landlords, and even defeated the county soldiers, which was just commonplace.

After hearing this, Bian Xi understood why Zhang Luo and the "Old Yellow Turban" soldiers were so brave and good at fighting. It is not that they have become brave and good at fighting now, but because they are brave and good at fighting, they finally chose to join the Taiping Dao that rebelled.

So when he went out with Zhang Luo to receive recruits, Bian Xi asked Zhang Luo to teach martial arts. Zhang Luo naturally would not refuse, but looking at Bian Xi's excited appearance of scratching his ears and cheeks, Zhang Luo did not feel particularly proud in his heart.

In Zhang Luo's opinion, his kung fu is not something particularly worthy of boasting. The reason why I was able to practice to the level of killing people easily is naturally a difficult story behind it.

In addition to his previous life, he enlisted in the army at the age of 18 and became a sergeant, and he trained in the army for more than ten years; Second, the original Zhang Luo was a young man, who practiced martial arts since he was a child, loved to fight unevenly, and had rich experience in actual combat.

As for who to hit? Naturally, the landlord is strong!

Later generations continued to summarize the reasons for the demise of the Eastern Han Dynasty, some people said that it was because of the emperor's incompetence that led to the country's demise, others said that the Yellow Turban Rebellion shook the country's rule, and some people said that it was caused by Dong Zhuo's cholera dynasty. Accounts differ and opinions vary!

First of all, the emperor's mediocrity can indeed affect the country, but unless it is particularly mediocre, it will not destroy the country, and it is not right to attribute the matter to the Yellow Turban Uprising, we should reflect on why the Yellow Turban Uprising occurred? Otherwise, after the suppression of a Yellow Turban uprising, there will be a Blue Turban Uprising and a White Turban Uprising, and a peasant uprising is inevitable, and the solution to the peasant uprising must not rely on killing.

Zhang Luo recalled that in the military history class when he was studying at the non-commissioned officer school, the tutor said:

From the formation of the manor economy, analyze why the Eastern Han Dynasty perished, what is the manor economy, and the impact of the manor economy.

The foundation of the country is also the cause of the country's demise

The Eastern Han Dynasty was a regime built on the corpse of Wang Mang's new dynasty, and the choice of powerful landlords was particularly important when the two major regimes alternated, why did the powerful landlords choose the Eastern Han Dynasty? The essential reason is that the attitudes of the two regimes towards the powerful landlords are completely different.

In order to avoid land annexation, Wang Mang's new dynasty carried out large-scale land reform, which specifically included the nationalization of all land, the restoration of the previous "well field system", and the redivision of land according to population. Different classes of people reacted differently to this policy, first of all, the people could get land through this policy, so they applauded one after another; However, for the powerful landlords, the state will take away their excess land through this policy, so the powerful landlords actively oppose it. Therefore, after the promulgation of the policy, the powerful landlords actively rebelled, and finally under pressure, Wang Mang withdrew this policy.

Wang Mang's lesson was absorbed by Liu Xiu, so Liu Xiu did not target the powerful landlords during the uprising, but vigorously wooed the powerful landlords. The attitude of these two people determines the choice of the powerful landlord, if Wang Mang is chosen, then his land may be recovered, and his loss will be great. On the other hand, Liu Xiu did not have this approach, and there was no risk of losing land by choosing Liu Xiu.

At that time, powerful landlords controlled a large amount of land, population, and means of production, and their choices could completely affect the rise and fall of a political power. In the end, the powerful landlord chose Liu Xiu, so many people say that Liu Xiu's Eastern Han Dynasty regime was actually the spokesperson of the powerful landlord. However, after Liu Xiu established the Eastern Han Dynasty, he attacked the powerful landlords, known as the "Dutian" policy in history, which was a product of mutual compromise between the two sides.

The main content of the "land degree" policy is to re-measure the land and check the population. However, Emperor Guangwu did not crack down on the powerful landlords through this policy, but instead recognized the land of the powerful landlords in disguise, and only collected some taxes and fees from the powerful landlords.

At most, it is to initially restrict the further annexation of land by the powerful landlords, and to gradually reduce the economic strength of the powerful landlords, and to gradually crack down on the powerful landlords by boiling frogs in warm water. The two disadvantages, the court will have enough strength to solve the powerful landlords.

The support of the powerful landlords is the foundation of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and if the powerful landlords are attacked in advance, it is very likely to lead to the overthrow of the country. Therefore, Emperor Guangwu gradually weakened the economic strength of the powerful landlords by collecting taxes, and gradually groped on the road to reduce the powerful landlords. But the powerful landlords would not sit idly by, they would strengthen their economic power in other ways, so the "manor economy" gradually took shape.

The manor economy must meet a condition, that is, there is a large amount of land, which has dissuaded the common people, and the powerful landlords are the main force that constitutes the manor economy, and the powerful landlords are divided into many kinds, such as military landlords, bureaucratic landlords, old aristocratic landlords, large industrial and commercial households, etc.

Landlords with military merits are generally the founding heroes of the country, and they rely on their military merits to obtain land rewarded by the state; Most of the bureaucratic landlords were relatives of the emperor or high-ranking officials with real power, and they forcibly seized and seized the land of the common people through administrative means; The old aristocratic landlords were those nobles who were before the Han Dynasty and who acquired land through inheritance; Large industrial and commercial households are relatively simple, and they can buy them directly with money. These means of acquiring land were not available to ordinary people, and under their exploitation, the common people could only be reduced to tenants, and eventually a situation was formed, in which "the rich have no land to stand on, and the poor have no place to stand".

It is impossible to cultivate large tracts of land with just a few people, so powerful landlords also need enough people, such as managers, service personnel, and staff. The landlord needed enough tenants to cultivate the land, and at the same time needed enough managers (clan members) to manage the tenants, and when all this was satisfied, the landlord needed enough servants (slaves) when the landlord was happy.

Taking the military aristocracy of the Fan family as an example, at first, Fan Hong and the clan members jointly managed the land, and then continued to absorb tenants and landless displaced people, and constantly expanded the scale of the farm, and finally established the Fan family's grange.

Interestingly, Liu Xiu's "Yuntai Twenty-Eight Generals" and "Three Hundred and Sixty-Five Heroes" are most of them powerful landlords, and these people are the foundation of the Eastern Han Dynasty, so it is destined that Liu Xiu will not easily attack powerful landlords. The contradiction between the powerful landlords and the imperial court will eventually break out, and there are only two results after the outbreak: one is to subvert the imperial court and elect a spokesperson; The second is that the imperial court suppressed the powerful landlords, but this difficulty is a bit great, and it is basically the former. Liu Xiu's heroes became one manor after another, and even became the gravedigger of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Taking the Fan family as an example, the Fan family manor has more than 300 hectares of land, although it is mainly agricultural, but also engaged in animal husbandry, horticulture, and handicrafts, forming a set of self-sufficient economic system. Moreover, the manor also has weapons, has the ability to protect itself, and is also engaged in small loan business. Explain these industries separately and look at the main ways in which the estate economy was operated at that time.

One: Agriculture

In the era of small-scale peasant economy, agriculture will always be the main one. Unlike the small-scale peasant economy, the manor economy has enough capacity to carry out infrastructure projects, and the land yield will also increase significantly. For example, the Fan family has its own irrigation system, through which water can flow from the pond into the farmland, thus greatly reducing labor.

2. Animal husbandry and handicrafts

At that time, the powerful landlords occupied the mountains and forests and operated mining, smelting, salt production, aquaculture, fishing, etc. Ordinary peasant households are generally only responsible for agriculture, but the manor economy is different, the manor economy is responsible for a variety of industries, and the division of labor is clear, forming a set of self-sufficient economic system.

Three: usury

Powerful landlords often lent money to foreign countries, and usury was very common at that time. These people don't have to worry about not being able to collect their loans at all, because they have their own private armies, but the powerful landlords are basically in the imperial court, and they sometimes collect debts through the government.

Four: Part

The tribe is a private army, and the manor generally has its own private army to fight against outcasts or robbers. Because of the military armament, many homeless people in troubled times sought refuge in the manor, at the cost of paying a certain protection fee or working for the owner of the manor.

The manor economy allowed the manor lord to amass wealth, and finally the lord of the manor turned the wealth into power. Here I want to talk about the Eastern Han Dynasty official election system, the early Eastern Han Dynasty official selection criteria are morality and talent, not only need to be talented, but also need to have a good reputation. But the system deteriorated rapidly, as the owners of the estates could improve their reputation by bribing their tenants.

Therefore, during the time of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty, some people wrote that the election did not pay attention to virtue and talent, but rather to pay attention to origin, and suggested that the election of officials should not be "purely based on the reading of the first". But it didn't work, and then the situation got worse and worse, and Li Gu said bluntly during the Shun Emperor period: "Today's progressers are only rich and powerful." "To put it bluntly, the election of officials is to see who is rich and who has a good background.

When the ascending channel is completely mastered by the powerful landlords, there are the following hazards:

One: power realization

Powerful landlords frantically annexed land through power, in the past, they used to use money to sell land, but now they directly bribe officials to forcibly seize it, and even Dou Xian, a relative, directly seized the princess's land, and even the princess's land was taken away, so you can imagine the madness of the powerful landlords.

Two: the imperial power is blocked

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the first thing Taishou did when he took office was to appoint local powerful landlords as officials, and he had to discuss everything with others, otherwise he would be laid off. Zhang Shou once wanted to punish Zhou Lian's crime, but he was made difficult by Zhou Hong, but he was dismissed. The imperial power was seriously blocked, and the director of the powerful landlord acted recklessly, and Emperor Huan had ordered: "No coercion to expel the chief officials", which shows how serious the situation of the dictatorship of the powerful landlord was at that time.

Three: protégés and officials are all over the world

The upward channel has been monopolized by powerful landlords, so other people who want to become officials can only take refuge in powerful landlords, so a special class has emerged - protégés and former officials. Protégé originally referred to the relationship between master and apprentice, but it was seriously distorted in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and ordinary people could become protégés of big people for a little money, and then they had the hope of becoming officials.

Of course, if the big man really recommended him to be an official, then he needs to repay the big man. The protégés of the Runan Yuan family are all over the world, which shows that the Runan Yuan family was powerful at that time. This is not a good phenomenon, and the situation of officials forming cliques for personal gain is becoming more and more serious, and the chain of interests is very complicated. The Eastern Han Dynasty was unable to uproot the powerful landlords, and the powerful landlords were "pulling a hair and moving the whole body", so they could only watch the powerful landlords build tombs for the Eastern Han Dynasty.

The powerful landlords also changed with the development of the manor economy, and eventually formed the gate valve and the scholar family. They have long been entrenched in important positions in the central government, according to statistics, three-quarters of the officials at the level of Jiuqing during the Huanling period were from the powerful landlords of Yingchuan, and there were more and more families of "successive princes", and the Yuan family of Runan was even more powerful at the level of "four generations and three princes".

If they really rely on their talents, then it would be fine, but there are many powerful landlords who have risen to power through manipulation of public opinion and nepotism. These people used administrative means to annex land on a large scale, which led to the misery of the people, and eventually provoked the Yellow Turban Rebellion. The Yellow Turban Rebellion shook the foundation of the rule of the Eastern Han Dynasty, but it did not shake the rule of the powerful landlords at all, and the powerful landlords were the objects of the rulers at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and for a long time afterward.

The rise and fall of the Han Dynasty was the result of the game between the imperial power and the powerful landlords. The Eastern Han Dynasty was established by powerful landlords, as the so-called "the king begins with this, and must end with this", and did not eliminate the powerful landlords in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, so it is destined that the Eastern Han Dynasty will be destroyed by the hands of the powerful landlords.

The tragedy of the Eastern Han Dynasty reflects a phenomenon of the ancient feudal dynasties, that is, the influence of land annexation on the dynasty. Throughout ancient history, dynasties were mostly destroyed by land annexation, and powerful landlords exploited the common people to collect wealth, and then transformed wealth into power, and finally realized power. This vicious circle began again and again, peasant uprisings were also repeated, and changes of dynasty became more and more frequent. The Zhou Dynasty was 800 years old, but there were few surpasses in later dynasties, and it was rare to see 400 years of Guozuo.

Under the continuous land annexation, the vast rural areas of the Han Dynasty were self-governing by their own armed forces, and were completely free from the control of the imperial court. Whether it is collecting taxes or maintaining order, the local yamen cannot effectively carry out these two main tasks, and this right is transferred to the hands of powerful armed groups.

The armed resistance of the grassroots villages in the prefectures to the annexation made the local residents quickly adapt to the life of licking the blood of the knife, brave and brutal, and the powerful self-defense forces of the villagers made them contempt for the government to an unprecedented degree, in fact, this mediocre and violent court really did not have anything to pay attention to. Especially when the vendetta was exhibited to the era of the bunker manor, the disciples controlled by the Taiping Dao, whose military experience had been far beyond the county soldiers who had not been trained for many years, and the middle and lower leaders of the Taiping Dao, also quickly matured in these vendettas.

The thirteen states of the world at that time were like a powder keg. Just as Zhang Jiao shouted, "The sky is dead, the yellow sky should stand, the year is in Jiazi, and the world is auspicious." The people of the thirteen states and the believers of the eight states only need one program and one idol to effectively organize them and become a huge force to change the world.

Zhang Luo himself is a traverser after all, and in the three months he spent in the late Han Dynasty, he easily understood many of the internal characteristics of Taiping Dao. In particular, the peculiarities of the "old brothers in the yellow turban" were fully understood. It is not that Taiping Dao appeared first, and then there are these brave and warlike old brothers, but with this group of brave and warlike old brothers, there is the real core strength of Taiping Dao.

It can only be said that Zhang Jiao and the various commanders were too unsuccessful strategically and tactically.

So Zhang Luo didn't talk much along the way, and he was not optimistic that Zhang Liang would give it to his old brothers, and every old Yellow Turban brother was a very valuable force for Taiping Dao.