Volume 2 Playing with the Tribe Chapter 408 Medical Alcohol and Iron Smelting
Ding Qi didn't know about the arrival of these two groups of people, and he was now staring at the clay pot in front of him, ready to extract pure alcohol.
More than 40 degrees of liquor, packed in clay pots, sprinkled with a sufficient amount of quicklime. Quicklime reacts with the water in the alcohol to produce calcium hydroxide, also known as hydrated lime, and the rest is alcohol with a purity of more than 95%.
Since quicklime releases a lot of heat when it reacts with water, quicklime can only be released slowly and stirred constantly to release the heat quickly.
This process is like building a house in the countryside and making your own hydrated lime. In the end, the lower part of the jar is precipitated cooked ash, and the excess liquid is high-purity alcohol.
According to the common sense of first aid, ordinary liquor can play a certain role in disinfection, but it is still not as good as the alcohol disinfection ability of 75 degrees. Therefore, making alcohol from quicklime is a relatively quick method. It's just that this method has limitations, one is that it cannot be made in a closed environment with a fire source, the other is that it cannot be made in large quantities, and the third is that the amount of quicklime used cannot be too large, otherwise the temperature generated is too high, and more than 80 degrees will cause the alcohol to volatilize, and the gains outweigh the losses.
In fact, according to the previous distillation method, 95% alcohol can be obtained after multiple distillations. Dantinch was troublesome, and the amount to be extracted was not much, so the quicklime method was used to extract the high-concentration alcohol.
Before, Ding Qiwo waited for the reaction in the clay pot to end on the kang, but he was also worried that the temperature was too high, so he could only add a little quicklime powder after a while, wait for the reaction to complete after stirring, and continue to add and stir until there was no reaction at all and the heat dissipation stopped. Finally, after a night of precipitation, the hydrated lime is separated from the alcohol and can be carried out for the next step.
Ding Qi brought two empty mineral water bottles, a small bamboo scoop, and a funnel made of copper skin. Ding Qi came to this world, there are a total of eight mineral water bottles, with a capacity of 550 ml, of which two catties of rice are left, and three bottles of mineral water have been drunk. Ding Qi was reluctant to throw it away, so he kept it well.
The alcohol from the clay pot is filled into two mineral water bottles with a bamboo scoop, and then poured into a large clean, teapot-shaped pottery vessel for a total of 1.1 liters. According to the ratio of 1000 ml of alcohol to 266.7 ml of distilled water, 1266.7 ml of 75-degree alcohol can be prepared. Then 1100 ml of pure alcohol requires about 293 ml of distilled water.
Without a precise measuring tool at hand, Tinch had to fill a mineral water bottle with less than half of the distilled water, pour it into the pottery that already contained 1,100 milliliters of pure alcohol, and stir it to make about 75 degrees of alcohol. The final amount of medical alcohol was 1393 ml, less than 1.4 liters.
The ratio was learned in the common sense of first aid, and it was practiced in the army before, so it was also made quickly, and it didn't take long for medical alcohol around 75 degrees to be produced.
Smelling the familiar smell of medical alcohol, Ding Qi smiled with satisfaction. For wounds caused by bumps and bumps in the daily work of the tribe, medical alcohol can prevent the wound from rotting and inflamed, and the healing rate will be greatly improved.
Looking at these medical alcohols, Ding Qi really wished that he had many glass bottles in his hands, so that it would be more convenient to store alcohol. But now the level of development of the tribe is still low, far from reaching
To the point where I can make glass, not to mention that I haven't discovered the materials to make glass, I can only think about it for the time being.
There is no glass, but there are small clay pots made of pottery, like a jade bottle, but the belly of the bottle is larger, the mouth of the bottle is short and straight, and the mouth of the half bottle is tightly corked with a wooden cork. These bottles were also made by Ding Qi after he came back some time ago and asked for their group of craftsmen, each clay vase can hold about 100 ml, and a total of 14 clay vases are used.
Since the probability of using alcohol in winter is not high, Ding Qi gave five of the clay bottles to Yun for safekeeping, and the other nine to the deer for safekeeping, and when Yun ran out of use, he took them from the deer.
When Yun and Lu heard Ding Qi say that this was a potion that could reduce the casualties of trauma, the two of them were very happy, and Yun both saluted Ding Qi directly to express his gratitude to Ding Qi. Needless to say, Lu Zi thanked Ding Qi after his period.
As the former healers of their respective tribes, they may be able to solve ordinary wounds, but in the face of that kind of large wounds, they can only be helpless and watch the injured die of grief. Because they had seen or heard too much about it, they knew very well how beneficial this potion was, and it was not an exaggeration to call it divine water.
At present, the tribe has prepared a lot of herbs to stop bleeding, reduce swelling and relieve pain, but there are no drugs like alcohol that directly act on the wound and prevent the wound from becoming inflamed. Yun has worked very hard, combined with the medical knowledge taught by the other five major doctors and witches of the tribe and the leaders, but has been delving into relevant medical knowledge, such as using centipede powder as a painkiller and anti-inflammatory powder.
After finishing this matter, Ding Qi went to the garment group again, and they tailored themselves to prepare to make Gebu down jackets. Now the tribe has spun all the kudzu fibers into threads and woven into cloth, and skillfully used this kudzu cloth to make a kudzu coat that imitates the dingqi coat, and wears it on the body, so that the person who tries it on feels very comfortable and can also cover his shame. Therefore, after consulting Ding Qi, he first made suitable kudzu cloth clothes for the tribal supervisor and above, and wore them in animal skin clothing, which was used as underwear in winter and as outer clothes in summer and autumn.
The measurement was quickly completed, but before Ding Qi could say a few words to the deer who was playing sweaters there in the garment group, the red deer ran over panting and said to Ding Qi:
"Chief, according to your request, the iron-making furnace has been built, please go over and check the situation of the iron-making furnace!"
The iron-making furnace had been planned in the tribal meeting held after Dingqi's return last time, and the research on making a new iron-making furnace began immediately.
The iron-making furnace is about three meters high, similar to a waist drum, thick in the middle and thin at the end. This shape can make the gas distribution tend to be uniform, the charge and the gas are in full contact, save fuel and prolong the life of the furnace wall.
The inside of the furnace is made of red bricks, which can withstand the high temperature of ironmaking. As for the material of the furnace lining, Ding Qi finally recommended using a clay rod about 10 centimeters in length and width, and a layer of red bricks placed underneath to exert force to prevent the furnace from breaking due to the heavy objects in the furnace. In this way, pig iron or molten iron can leak out, leaving the slag and the like and pulling it out of the slag outlet.
Outside the iron-making furnace, a thick layer of soil is wrapped to keep warm to avoid the furnace temperature not meeting the requirements. In order to increase the temperature of the furnace, Ding Qi specially arranged for Niu Er, Jing and others to make two large blowers, one is made of animal skins combined with wood.
One is a purely large bellows, each of which requires at least three people to operate at the same time.
These two types of bellows, placed on the left and right sides of the two sides of the use together, can blow in a large amount of air can make the charcoal inside fully burn, can quickly increase the temperature of the furnace. But it is still unknown whether it can reach the temperature at which hematite can be melted.
The furnace mouth is still used as an input port for fuel and hematite, and exhaust gases also come out of this mouth. Therefore, in order to facilitate feeding, the red deer also specially asked the masons to build two feeding tables, one on the left and one on the left, which is convenient and labor-saving.
The more than 60 pieces of hematite ore had been smashed by the slaves arranged by the red deer to make a walnut-sized ore, which also contained a certain amount of mineral powder, all of which were piled up around the iron-making furnace for easy access. As for the charcoal used for ironmaking, it has long been accumulated in the yard where the ironmaking furnace is located, and there are both large pieces of charcoal and crushed charcoal powder, which have different effects.
This yard is a specially built yard in the craftsman area, non-relevant personnel are not allowed to enter, security measures are also in place, the four corners of the yard and the entrance are arranged with double posts with dogs on duty, to avoid idle people approaching.
Due to the fact that they have accumulated a lot of experience in smelting and casting before, coupled with Ding Qi's guidance, this iron-making furnace can be completed quickly and with good quality.
Since it was still snowing, Ding Qi did not start ironmaking immediately, but he had already arranged for someone to preheat the furnace temperature in advance, and at the same time, he was also looking for whether there was any air leakage again, so as not to find air leakage during the ironmaking process and the furnace temperature could not rise.
On the third day, the heavy snow, which lasted for nearly ten days, stopped, bringing sunlight to the world, whether it was people in the city or people who were hurrying, they all felt special warmth and happiness, which is the role of sunlight.
In the middle of this, Ding Qi had already put on the skillfully made down shoulders, and his chest and back suddenly felt hot. This is only a semi-finished product, and it also needs to be skillfully equipped with sleeves, animal skin collars and other things to be called a real primitive period down jacket.
The revolution has not yet succeeded, comrades still need to work hard!
The step of iron-making, Ding Qi and they have already taken!
At the sacrificial event presided over by the deer, the word "Daji" appeared in front of everyone again, making everyone involved in the iron-making activity cheer. In their impression, as long as they are approved by the heavens, they can carry out the things of the sacrificial activities in an open and natural way.
Just like this iron-making, the word "Daji" makes them think that they have been protected by God and will be able to succeed.
The charcoal in the furnace has been ignited, and with the cooperation of two blowers, the charcoal burns rapidly, quickly releasing the high temperature and filling the entire iron-making furnace. After the azurite used for testing had turned into copper juice, Ding Qi ordered the slave to slowly pour the hematite powder into the furnace first.
The high temperature in the furnace instantly envelops the hematite powder particles and melts them with the help of charcoal. Unfortunately, in a place where Ding Qi could not see, the molten iron powder mixed together and flowed down the lining of the furnace into a clay jar that the red deer had prepared. The pot has been heated up with the furnace temperature, so there is no need to worry about it bursting suddenly.
Ding Qi had been waiting in that courtyard, and when he saw a red sponge-like solid block appear in the clay jar, he was directly stunned on the spot, is this iron? How can this be?