For the Tang Dynasty, paper should be a cross-era significance.

In ancient times, why did the family firmly control the political influence, mainly because the family monopolized knowledge, and in the era when printing and papermaking were not developed and information dissemination was difficult, could the poor read books?

The answer is absolutely not.

So can there be more literate and talented children in the family, and the most unfortunate is also reading and writing?

Absolutely, of course.

Is it better to be an official to read and write, or is it better to not be able to write without culture?

Of course, it is good to read and write.

So next, are there more people who are officials from capable families or poor people?

Naturally, they are literate children.

As long as you monopolize culture, are you still afraid that you won't be able to be an official?

As long as you are an official, are you still afraid that you will not have political influence?

In this way, the ancient families will get bigger and bigger, and the poor, the poor... There will be fewer and fewer opportunities, before the Sui Dynasty opened the imperial examination, the ancients generally had two ways to be an official when the situation was stable, the first was filial piety, the second was hereditary, or the family arranged (there were people in the court who were easy to do, and this is no exception).

Therefore, the power of the family in this period in the court is particularly large, such as Yuan Shao IV and the third duke.

For example, Sima Yi's family, Sima Yi's brother worked in Cao Cao before he worked for Cao Cao, and later Sima Yi's family was able to hollow out the Cao Wei regime, relying on this.

Another example is the founder of the Sui Dynasty and the founder of the Tang Dynasty, the Yang family and the Li family both belonged to the Guanlong group.

Li Yuan and Yang Jian's families were officials of the Northern Zhou Dynasty for several generations.

Another point is that the family can maintain its influence through intermarriage with the imperial family, and Yang Jian usurped the throne as the ruler of the country, and he married his daughter to the emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and maintained his rights through in-laws like this.

However, after the Sui Dynasty opened the Jinshi Imperial Examination, this phenomenon was better. Filial piety was replaced by the imperial examination, and the continuous influence of the family on politics became much smaller, which is why in the unified dynasties after the Sui Dynasty, the phenomenon of foreign relatives interfering in politics was much better.

However, it should be noted that the second way just mentioned still existed in ancient times after the Sui Dynasty.

For example, Zeng Guofan in the late Qing Dynasty advised his son not to delve too much into Bagu, but to devote more energy to practical learning.

Why?

Because Zeng Guofan made great contributions in the war to pacify the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and was awarded the title of first-class Yiyong Marquis, his son could become an official in the court through Shiyin, and did not have to take the path of taking the imperial examination.

Another way is that the family firmly holds the books, no paper, no books, although the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, hard work, but in the following hundreds of years, those officials are more of a family, and there are few poor people.

The education level of the children of the family is much higher than that of the children of the poor family, and they have the conditions to occupy a lot of educational resources and have a large number of opportunities for upward mobility, so there are more talents than the children of the poor family, and the literacy rate at that time is very low, and there are not even books in their hands, how can it be possible to learn?

Even if there is a poor student Jackie Chan, if you want to be motivated, you must be attached to a family, even if you have a certain political status, you still have to focus on the interests of the family.

Not to mention the children of the family, although they do not have direct access to the highest decision-making level like the gate lord, but the local county guards belong to them, they are the only ones in their respective families' spheres of influence, and after the emperor or the central government makes a decision, the implementation of the local government depends on them.

The development of family politics to the Sui and Tang dynasties has formed a situation in which the gate valve dominates the court, the family dominates the locality, and then cooperates with each other to govern the country, this situation stifles the desire of the vast majority of poor families and poor children to come out, but they have little to do to change their own situation, after all, all social resources are in the hands of the family, no matter how eager they are for knowledge, it is useless.

Now, though, everything is about to change... Li Zhan's bamboo paper was successfully manufactured, as long as the bamboo paper was successful, then books followed, Li Zhan had a template for movable type printing, and he could make movable type printing.

In this way, the price of books can be greatly reduced, and the first shot can be fired at the family gate valve that monopolizes knowledge.

...........................

The smoke and rain of Chang'an City in March

In a corner of Pingkangfang, a group of slaves held long sticks in their hands, and a man who looked like a steward shouted: "Find... Look carefully for me, I don't believe that this little woman can run into the palm of our hand. ”

followed the slaves and scattered and began to search for Pingkangfang.

However, what these slaves didn't know was that just now, a woman had escaped from Pingkangfang, and this woman was none other than Liu Yanran.

Originally, Liu Yanran was going to be given to Tang Jian, but who knows, Liu Yanran escaped first, and escaped from Chang'an City all the time, Tang Jian didn't get Liu Yanran, and for this matter, he had an unpleasant quarrel with Wei Ting, because Tang Jian felt that he had been deceived.

Today, Liu Yanran has no money outside, after all, it has been a few months, so Liu Yanran secretly returned to Pingkangfang, wanting to return to the place where she used to live and get some of her own jewelry.

But who knows, he was discovered as soon as he went back, fortunately, one of his little sisters covered himself before, and Liu Yanran could escape, otherwise Liu Yanran would have been arrested now.

Run... Run... Fortunately, the current Datang women don't have to wrap their little feet, if they wrap their little feet, they won't be able to run at all.

Just when Liu Yanran was about to run into the East Market next to Pingkangfang, suddenly, Liu Yanran was discovered.

"She's there...!"

With a shout, dozens of slaves rushed towards Liu Yanran from all directions, Liu Yanran was about to cry at this time, just as a carriage drove over slowly, Liu Yanran didn't have time to think about it, and got into the carriage directly.

It's just that after getting into the carriage, because she didn't stand firmly, Liu Yanran stumbled and fell into the arms of the owner of the carriage.

"Miss Liu...!"

What Liu Yanran didn't expect was that just when she was about to struggle and shout, a familiar voice sounded in her ears, and when Liu Yanran raised her head to see who the master who was sitting in her arms.

"Li Gongzi...!" Liu Yanran showed a happy voice.

That's right, the owner of this carriage is Li Zhan, at this time Li Zhan passed through Dongshi and was about to go to Changsun Mansion to see his sister, Changsun Chong didn't go to Dengzhou, then Li Lizhen was lonely, and Li Zhan kept looking for opportunities to accompany his sister.

It's just that I didn't expect that Liu Yanran ran up in my car today.

"Miss Liu, what's wrong with you?" Li Zhan looked at the panicked Liu Yanran in surprise.

Liu Yanran was still lying in Li Zhan's arms at this time, and said with some panic: "Li Gongzi, help me, someone wants to arrest me." ”

Li Zhan frowned and said, "Don't worry, Miss Liu, with me, you will be fine." ”

As soon as he finished speaking, he heard Li Yi shouting outside: "Who are you... Dare to block my son-in-law's carriage. ”

Then Li Zhan heard the voice of a middle-aged man: "We are Wei Shangshu's family... I don't care who your son is, we are arresting our family's fugitive slaves, so let your son get out of the carriage immediately, and we will search the carriage. ”

"Wei Ting?" Li Zhan looked at Liu Yanran and asked, "When did you become a fugitive slave from Wei Ting's family?" ”

At this time, Liu Yanran shook her head again and again and said: "Li Gongzi is not like this, and I don't know what means this Wei Shangshu used, he got my deed."

Later, they wanted to send me to Tang Jian's mansion, but after I learned the news in advance, I escaped from Chang'an and stayed outside until now before I came back.

Who knows, they haven't relaxed their pursuit of me, Li Gongzi, please help me, Tang Jian has always been eyeing me, and I'm scared. ”

Looking at the cute girl who was less than sixteen years old in his arms, Li Zhan nodded and said, "You just stay here, no one dares to arrest you away." ”

After speaking, Li Zhan said to Li Yi, Gao Hu and others outside: "Those who dare to search the carriage will be killed...!" ”

As soon as the words fell, Gao Hu and the others directly showed their weapons.

"How dare you be disrespectful to us...!" The steward of Wei Ting's house was in a great atmosphere, and at this time, a team of Jin Wuwei came, and then Wei Ting's steward shouted: "You guys come here... All of them are here for me, there are people here who use swords against the family who dare to do Wei Shangshu, you come here, all of them will be arrested for me. ”

's arrogant appearance really brought himself into Wei Ting.

However, the seven-rank official in front of the prime minister, even if Jin Wuwei was unhappy, he still came over when he heard that it was Wei Ting's family.

It's just that what Jin Wuwei didn't expect was that when he came to the side of the carriage, he found Gao Hu... In an instant, these Jin Wuwei knew who you were sitting in this carriage.

"Is it Lvshuai Li?" A Jin Wuwei walked up to the carriage and asked.

"I'm Li Zhan...!" Li Zhan said in the carriage: "Blasted these people in front of me away, they blocked my way." ”

"Yes...!" Jin Wuwei on the side didn't say a word, and began to drive away Wei Ting's servants and stewards.

Driven away by Jin Wuwei, the steward of Wei Ting shouted in shock: "You are bold, I am the steward of the Wei family, you dare to be disrespectful to me, be careful of our family books, so that you can't eat and walk around." ”

It's just that no matter how Wei Ting's steward shouted, Jin Wuwei was indifferent and directly beat this group of people aside.

"Well... Good....! Wei Ting was furious: "You wait for me, I will definitely report to Shangshu, and you will all have to pay the price." ”

"Break his legs, let him climb back for me, and go back by the way and tell Wei Ting, my name is Li Zhan... If you want to take revenge, come as long as you come, and I'll take it all over. After speaking, the carriage slowly moved forward, and the goal was the Changsun Mansion.

Soon, the screams of the steward Wei Ting sounded behind the carriage, and Liu Yanran's frightened little face turned white.

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