Chapter 1426 "Ethics"

At the entrance of Sujia Village in Longli, the archway is larger, the structure of six pillars and three squares, the big fish pond, the old pear tree, and the core area of the ancestral hall after entering the village have not changed, but the surrounding houses have become green tiles and white walls.

The plain beam carving, window carving, and brick carving decoration seem to have moved the Hui school buildings to this place in advance.

The people of Sujia Zhuangzi are now mainly doing business, being masters, and setting up factories, and now they are still spreading branches and leaves in Weizhou, Xingzhou, Hubei, Liangzhejiang, and the South China Sea.

Therefore, the fifth and sixth brothers of the older generation took advantage of the opportunity of repairing the family temple to quietly replace the words "cultivating and reading heirlooms" with "poetry heirlooms".

After all, the mountain fields in Kelongli are still 200 acres, and the rest are mountain fruits, bamboos and trees, and the word "farming" is a bit far-fetched.

The jumping bridge is also there, and now it has been built with stone bridges, railings, and turned into a beautiful small bridge, but it does not have the clumsy taste that Suyou Shiwei had when she was a child.

Shijia Wubao is even more lively, where the Shi family is still engaged in metal processing, but the main business has become kitchen knives and farm tools.

It is a good brand of knives and agricultural tools, and it is still a well-known product of Bashu.

There are also enamel basins, copper utensils and iron pots.

The real high-end is gold and silverware, eight-treasure glazed inlay, and patterned folding knives, but the craftsmanship is more exquisite.

The two Zhuangzi are separated by a river, one side of the text, the other side of the martial arts; One side is lively, and the other side is quiet, but it complements each other.

Knowing that Su You was coming back, Zhang Sheng specially repaired the grass house of Lao Wengjing and built a few more rooms.

The eighth prince is an old widower, so Zhang Sheng simply invited the Taoist brother of the North Pole Courtyard to guard the Su family's cemetery.

Su oil is a product of the dynasty, a big country and a country, although he goes home in a low-key manner, but the local government does not dare to slack off, and there are many admirers who also want to visit.

In the end, Su You was so unbearable that he had to post a post on the entrance archway of Kelongli, saying that he was coming back to defend the system? Too many guests disturbing the peace of the dead? but it became a sin.

Nothing at all, which stopped the momentum.

After that, you packed up a simple quilt? And Shi Wei with a colander? I went to live in the old Weng Well in the valley of the middle of the mountain.

Lao Weng Jing has more than eight dukes, Su Xun, Mrs. Cheng, Wang Fu? The cemeteries of the Muke are all here.

After the worship ceremony, he looked at the wooden doors of the small sacrificial temple: "Uncle...... Those...... Is it Wu Daozi's handwriting? ”

Su You nodded: "Right?" That was when Da Su found it when he was making a general judgment in Fengxiang Mansion? At that time, I asked for a hundred times, and I don't know if it really cost so much. Guan'er, are you scared if you live here? ”

Bi Guan said: "I live with my aunt, I'm not afraid. ”

The colander didn't know where to find a branch, and danced whirringly: "Not afraid? I protect my sister-in-law! ”

Bi Guan sighed and blushed with shame? He took a sip of the colander and retreated into the cottage.

Su You patted the colander: "You can't call it that now!" Sister Bi hasn't passed the door yet. ”

The colander looked ignorant: "Didn't my brother say that he would marry Sister Bi when he came back?" ”

Su You sighed and pinched the shoulder of the colander: "Colander, let's learn slowly, okay to stay with your father for a few more years?" ”

"Your brother? These wings are stiff too fast......"

Zhang Sheng said: "Speaking of which, young master, how old were you to stand on your own back then?" It hasn't stopped for decades...... It's rare to come back this time, so I'll have a good rest. ”

Su You looked at the tombstones of Mrs. Cheng and Bagong: "Brother Dog?" Can't rest, come back this time? I want to write a good book. ”

……

Late at night? Under the bright whale oil lamp? Su You looked at the book cover he had prepared, stunned.

There are only two words on it – ethics.

The term does not exist today, and should have been the product of the translation of Western works in the nineteenth century.

If "Principles" is based on the exploration of the laws of nature by science and engineering, and then developed into a scientific outline document of social division of labor, law, aesthetics, philosophy and other systems, then "Ethics" is a work that expounds the views of moral thought in a science discipline.

This is consistent with the later definition of ethics, that is, science that takes human morality as the object of study.

There are many and complex problems to be solved in this science, but there is only one basic problem at its core, that is, the relationship between morality and interests.

That is, there has long existed in ancient Chinese traditional thought - "the debate of benefit and righteousness".

This question includes two aspects: one is the relationship between interests and morality, or the relationship between happiness and morality, who decides who decides whom, and whether there is a reaction between the two;

The second is the relationship between individual interests and the interests of society as a whole.

But Su You's "Ethics" is not limited to this.

Because the issue of ethics is a big issue in human society, it involves the question of how human beings [Literature Museum xguan.xyz] can reasonably construct a society that approaches perfection.

Standing in Su You's current position, what he wants to solve is not the problem of "individual people", but "social people".

Human beings are social animals, and all sciences must actually serve the society and solve social problems.

Therefore, his "Ethics" is not independent of philosophy, on the contrary, it is the most central issue in philosophy.

The first thing to solve is what is "morality", what is "happiness", and what is "goodness".

And where morality comes from, where happiness comes from, and where goodness comes from.

He couldn't have written anything like this when he first crossed over here, or ten years ago.

However, now, his three views have been completed in this era, not only based on the research of countless Eastern and Western philosophers, but also a lot of his own practice, thinking and comprehension.

The Chinese nation, in particular, has had an extremely profound study of this issue.

This book, which seems to be a discussion of ethics, takes moral phenomena as the object of study, and explores the nature, origin and development of morality; study the relationship between moral level and material standard of living; study the highest principles of ethics and the criteria for moral evaluation; study of the system of ethical norms; study moral education and cultivation; As well as the meaning of life, the value of people, life attitudes and other issues.

But in fact, the most critical thing is that this is still an important weapon to make Cheng Zhu's system surrender.

Su You wants to use this book to solve the seemingly perfect, but unrealistic and unattainable "supreme theory" that may appear, and break the ethical ideological system composed of "false etiquette".

Instead, he took up the teleology, deontology, and virtue theories used by Western thinkers, combined with the core of the "mind" of the Luwang School of Confucianism in the later generations, and gave the majority of people an ideological weapon that could arm and protect themselves, instead of turning Confucianism into Confucianism and a butcher's knife for the ruling class to deal with the people.

In fact, this is the best elaboration of the theory of "natural principles and human feelings", and it is also the cornerstone of protecting the growing number of well-off groups and capital budding capital, solving the ideological confusion and political demands brought about by it, and allowing oneself to gain the most support.

The purpose of writing this book is to inspire everyone to find a solid theory that can reasonably adjust the relationship between people, between people and society, build and maintain social order, cultivate moral people, and a state of etiquette and righteousness.

There are many, many issues involved, such as the social contract, such as the rights and duties of everyone from the monarch to the commoners, such as power and constraints, such as morality and the legal system, such as the composition of state power, such as the basic happiness of human beings.

There is also the promotion of humanism, the restriction of the monarchy's power.

This is not impossible, the monarch of the Great Song Dynasty is almost the only monarch in China's thousands of years of feudal dynasties who may accept this kind of thinking.

This kind of thinking has germinated as early as the time of Mencius, and Mencius is consecrated this year, which also shows the need for this kind of thinking in today's society.

For Su You, it is not difficult to quote the scriptures and annotate me with the Six Classics.

For example, the heavenly power of the monarch, this heaven can be interpreted as heaven, for the principle of heaven, for the objective law of nature and society, that is, the way of heaven.

And not some god, or the spokesman of the gods.

At the same time, this heaven has another meaning, which belongs to Su You's own creation, that is, it should not only deal with the heavens, but also include the world.

It is human affection, the will of the majority of the people in the world, and the basic happiness of people.

What is Basic Happiness? That is the right to live, the right to personal liberty, and the inalienable right to improve one's life through hard work.

If power and capital deprive people of these rights, so that most people in the world cannot improve their lives no matter how hard they try, it is impersonal.

Then this society will be sick, and this dynasty will not last.

Only by respecting the way of heaven, the lower body and human feelings, and the management of the dynasty, can we consciously guide the dynasty and let it develop in the direction of conforming to the principles of heaven and human feelings, so as to build a moral society and a state of etiquette and righteousness.

This is the true meaning of "being ordered by heaven", and this is the fundamental reason for "longevity and eternal prosperity".