Two hundred and one jishu questions

Whether the iron power wood is the so-called iron pear wood in Méng's mouth, no one knows this question, and as for the iron power wood in the wood storage yard, everyone didn't see the reason. Zuihou decided to consult with the Ministry of Agriculture's Fa Shilu, who was considered the most professional botanist in the Senate.

"It's supposed to be the same thing." "This is a tropical and subtropical tree species, which is common in the mountains of Yunnan and Guangxi, and also in Guangdong. It is often used in Cantonese furniture in this time and space. Not particularly expensive. ”

"Lin Xianming said that this is the best wood for shipbuilding, and there are not many of them anymore."

"In terms of shipbuilding needs, of course, there are not many ironwood, but for furniture, there are many ironwood. Even in the Qing Dynasty and now, it is not particularly valuable. Fa Shilu said and called out to an indigenous experimenter in a gray coat, "Take a sample of Tieli wood!" ”

A few minutes later, the experimenter brought a specimen box, and Fa Shilu opened it for everyone to see:

"This is a sample of the trunk of the ironwood, how's that? Feels a little shiny, right? The oil content of iron wood is very high, and the oil content of seeds is 79%, which can almost be used as an oil crop. Moreover, its wood fibers are particularly long, which is very difficult to cut. The strength is one of the best among trees. It can not only be used for shipbuilding, but also for making some mechanical accessories. Many of the gun carriages, carriages and wheels of our towed artillery were also made from this. Although it is a bit troublesome to process, it has a lot of strength. ”

Fa Shilu spoke eloquently to the group of shipbuilders in a kind of class mouth.

"After all, can Tieliwood be used as a ship bearing?" Jiang Ye waited for his high argument to end, and only then did he ask heartily.

"Well, it's not my specialty anymore." Fa Shilu said, "Speaking of machinery, isn't it your specialty? ”

The people who came to consult almost vomited blood. Doesn't that mean nothing was asked?

On the way out of the farm, a group of people argued about whether to use iron wood as a paddle shaft based on Méngde's "listen to people". This is a large ship of thousands of tons, once it is launched into the water for trial sailing, the paddle shaft is finished, and it has to be repaired by re-entering the dock, which not only causes trouble but also affects the strategic goal of the entire crossing group.

"Practice is the only criterion for testing the truth, and I think we should adopt the most direct method, to do shiyan first." Jiang Ye proposed to renovate one or two of the current steam daihatsu boats to see how the effect was.

Steam daihatsu boats are equipped with 12 horsepower steam engines and are off-the-shelf powered boats. However, its propulsion method is more special, using the so-called retractable propeller, which is equivalent to a kind of outboard slurry propulsion - this is what the shipyard relied on to avoid the problem of propeller installation in the first place. At the cost, of course, the transmission of the power plant turned out to be quite complicated.

"If the steam big hair boat can be turned into a propeller, it will be of great significance for us to install the propeller on the 854 modification, at least we can accumulate experience."

"Yes, we've tried every solution we can think of," Billy said.

Through the coordination of the Planning Institute, the Navy "generously" provided five steam boats -- this generosity was conditional, and the six ships were all in poor condition due to frequent breakdowns during the Battle of the Pearl River. The Navy said that as long as they could be repaired, it would be as easy as the people in the Ministry of Machinery Industry tossed. Subsequently, at the suggestion of Billy Zhou, a "854 Renovation Project Jishuxiǎo Group" was set up in the shipyard, and Chōu transferred a number of veteran jishu members who had certain attainments in shipbuilding, machining and other aspects to participate in solving various jishu problems on the spot. As the project leader of the entire shipbuilding jihua - "the first shipbuilding maintenance jihua".

Zhou Ke of the Ministry of Machinery Industry was appointed as the project leader, the rest of the project team can not work full-time in the shipyard, so he will serve as the executive officer, Zhou Ke is a mechanical bachelor's degree, the second major is thermal engineering, all of which have a little relationship with shipbuilding, his fitter and lathe foundation is good, and he loves to make ship models, so he has become the most suitable person in charge of the shipbuilding project team among the veterans.

Zhou Ke is a stout figure, with a round face, said to be the person in charge of the project, but actually does not know much about shipbuilding -- like Zhou Billy and others, as a veteran engineer of the Ministry of Machinery Industry, he has taken turns to serve as a resident guide in various industrial enterprises, and has stayed in any factory. has become a typical so-called "generalist" who "can do anything".

The first thing I did when I took office was to solve the problem of propeller shafts and propellers.

The engineering team first pulled a Dafa boat onto the slipway - although the Dafa boat had only been fighting in Guangdong for two months, there were already a lot more barnacle appendages on the bottom of the ship, and the shipwrights first carried out the work of removing the bottom of the ship, and then Sun Li led people to dismantle the steam engine and boiler on the Dafa boat as a whole for overhaul.

Propellers are relatively easy to solve, and although they don't have a physical one with a propeller, they do have a full set of CAD drawings for various propellers. Jiang Ye means to make one directly with a machining center, and then use this to turn the sand to make a mold, and make it in batches, Zhou Ke feels that this is a bit of a big problem.

"Don't we have a motor boat on the Fengcheng ship? There is a propeller in the spare parts, and I use that to make a mold and turn the sand. ”

Xiao Bailang first made a clay mold with a propeller, then turned it into a hard mold, and Zuihou used cast iron to cast the first propeller for a xiǎo boat.

Zhou Ke first asked the computer to find the center of gravity and center point, and then after obtaining the data, he made holes in the hull to install the shaft sleeve and axle rod, and he installed the propeller of Tieli wood on the No. 1 Shiyan boat, and the results proved that Tieli wood was feasible. During the sea trial, the bushing did have a small amount of water ingress at the beginning, but it stopped before it reached the point where it needed to be scooped.

However, after all, the big hair boat is only a few dozen tons, 12 horsepower xiǎo boats, 854 to a displacement of more than 1200 tons, 500 horsepower steam engine, such a ship using wooden shafts is not reliable, the entire project team no one dares to pack a ticket.

Then they tried various ways to seal the shaft, and in fact, all the dynamic sealing methods given by everyone were feasible. However, there are more or less various problems, some processing methods cannot be reached, and some materials are not good. Roughly speaking, the design idea goes far beyond the processing capacity and material level.

Packing seals are the simplest of all the seals, and the results are not too fast - the speed of water inlet is not very fast, and this is not a big problem if the ship is equipped with a chōu water engine, let alone if there is a steam engine, the chōu water is not a burden. But there is no very good solution to the heat dissipation problem, 500 horsepower, hundreds of revolutions per minute, the heat generated by friction is very powerful, almost equivalent to one or two kilowatts of xiǎo electric furnace, if there is no heat dissipation means at all, it is common to reach a red hot state.

Zuihou, Zhou Ke decided to use a liquid oil seal with circulating cooling. The sealed oil tank is located above the propeller drive shaft and is slowly injected into the shaft by gravity. The oil has a certain pressure and will slowly leak outward through the axial letter to resist the infiltration of seawater. The oil itself cools the propeller shaft. Most of the oil is recovered by the pump, and then re-injected into the oil tank after an external cooling and recycled.

The structure of this oil seal is relatively simple, and the slightly more complex is the pipeline and power of oil recovery. And the oil used can be castor oil or coconut oil - both of which can be supplied by the Planning Institute.

"Are you sure this is going to work?" Zhan Wuya looked at the model that Zhou Ke brought to his office.

"Feasible." Zhou Ke opened the model - a very simple model but with a large scale - and in order to fully show the details, "we loaded the Shiyan on the No. 5 Shiyan, and also carried out the land operation Shiyan and the water platform Shiyan, and with the Chōu water machine, the leakage rate of the shaft using oil seals was completely controllable. It's just that I don't know if coconut oil or castor oil can be fully supplied, after all, it is not 100% recycled, and there is a certain amount of loss. Sealing oil should be supplied for a long time. ”

"It's not a big problem. As long as you can make sure that most of the oil can be recycled - anyway, the chemical industry can use any oil, and the replacement sealing oil can be used to make féi soap at most. "Zhan Wuya knows that whether it is castor oil or coconut oil, there is still a certain amount of stock in the inventory of the Planning Institute. In particular, the supply of coconut oil has been quite stable since the establishment of the Sanya base. As for castor oil, the Central Government Council, through the Ministry of Education, has mobilized students to extensively grow this plant at home and in schools using fragmented land.

Zhou Ke said excitedly: "That's good! The next step is to solve the problem of large propellers. ”

"One more thing." Zhan Wuya picked up a thick document bag on the table, "This is from Qian Shuiting, it's about sailing." ”

"Sailsuits? Isn't it sure that the crosssail will be adopted? ”

"According to this Qian Shuiting, the full sail sail is very demanding for cào sailors......"

"We've decided to use the power machine cào sails."

According to him, a fully transverse sail cannot be fully mechanized, and a considerable amount of work still has to be solved by sailors climbing the mast. He suggested using cào instead for a simpler ...... "Zhan Wuwu will not be able to think of this term for a while—barquentine-style—"Forget it, anyway, you know, he already wrote it very clearly in it, and there are drawings." ”

"Understood, I'll inform the sail shop when I get back."

Zhan Wuya said: "Also, you have to submit a report to me: about applying for the manufacture of wire ropes and thin iron chains of the following specifications. He gave him a document, "Huang Tianyu told me yesterday that these two are necessary things for power cào sail auxiliary equipment, but the Ministry of Industry has never produced these, which is equivalent to 'special needs manufacturing', and you have to propose it as the person in charge of the project." ”

"Good. I really didn't think I'd be able to mechanize the cào sail. ”

According to Mr. Wen, Zuihou was also the most modern all-steel galleon—used to transport large quantities of goods such as xiǎo wheat, struvite and Chilean saltpeter—with just over 20 sailors. All with mechanized cào sails. It would be nice when we also have such a ship. ”

After Zhou Ke left the office, he went to the "fire cellar", which everyone called the department managed by Xiao Bailang. In the industrial system, fire-related industries such as kilns and foundries are all under his control, from the firing of crystal clear bone china and glass to large castings that are stupid and coarse, from industrial equipment to sanitary ware for personal enjoyment. After more than two years, Xiao Bailang nòng of Pan An, a yù tree, was dry and black.

Xiao Bailang is organizing his workers to make clay molds for wooden propellers. This wooden propeller comes to the head not xiǎo. It is a "prototype" manufactured by a machining center. The Planning Institute's warehouse has some stocked large and medium-sized propellers, which are spare parts for the Toyojo and other modern ships. But Zhou Ke didn't know if it was suitable. So he asked someone to match and optimize the propeller type according to the 854 changed ship type, and then extract the corresponding CAD drawings for certain optimization and modification, and Zuihou entered the machining center to create a full-size wooden mold.

Workers use this wooden mold to make a clay mold first, and then turn sand according to this clay mold to make a hard mold. Then the wooden mold was properly preserved.

The material for making the propeller, according to the experience of the last time I made the propeller of the xiǎo boat, directly used aluminum brass, although the crossing of the public can not smelt aluminum for the time being, but the source of aluminum is wide, the smelting jishu is not high, and it is relatively easy to produce it by itself. Compared with other manganese bronze, nickel aluminum bronze and other sè metal sources, it is much easier

Freshly smelted and cast aluminum brass ingots brought from the workshop of the metallurgical department are piled up next to the crucible boiler, waiting to be melted and cast.

"It only takes one day to cast, and it is very difficult to make molds!" Xiao Bailang exhaled, his face was black, and he had a black and oily labor protection mask around his neck. "I want to talk to Zhan Wuya that I want a bigger crucible and a continuous casting." He looked at Zhou Ke, "You don't have a propeller for every boat, do you?" ”

"No, I'm ready to use this kind of oar for the next stage. A 1200-ton ship and a 500-ton ship should be fine with the same type of propeller. No matter how big the boat is, it is propelled by a double oar. ”

"Hmm," Xiao Bailang sat down on the stool, and immediately a young man dressed in blue sè brought a large cup of bubbling salt soda for him to drink it all. Zhou Ke saw that this NV child had fresh and refreshing short hair with full ears, and his face was delicate and lovely, but Xiōng was rarely very full - a childlike appearance. I couldn't help but wonder for a while: When did I ever have such a superb product when I bought a life secretary?

"Hmph, you're red-eyed, aren't you?" Xiao Bailang glanced at him with slanted eyes

"This girl is good, why haven't I seen it, it won't be for you xiǎo after opening it, right?"

"This is S-level, you only have huāc-level money, of course, it's just nòng black-skinned girls to play." Xiao Bailang said proudly, "Lao Tzu didn't leave after mén, it was the lottery that shook it." ”

"I don't believe you're so shitty lucky! It must be the people from the executive committee who gave you a rear! ”

"What's 'give me a drive after mén'!" Xiao Bailang was annoyed and angry, "Don't complain about the executive committee." As he spoke, he tilted his chin to the side of Shao NV, "Come, sing one for the master!" Kill you losers. ”

Shao NV didn't dare to slack off, and hurriedly sang a tune that I don't know the so-called Guangdong xiǎo. One by one, the workers stood in awe of the place where Xiao Bailang had left the accident, listening to the xiǎo song - the xiǎo song of Chief Xiao's xiǎo concubine sang well, everyone loved to listen to it, and everyone felt sincere admiration for Chief Xiao's heroic feelings of working with NV people in the workshop.

The voice of the young NV was delicate and soft, which made Zhou Ke's heart flutter for a while. I couldn't help but secretly hate it. Could it be that the Executive Committee really did something about the distribution of NV servants? Although in terms of Xiao Bailang's work situation, it is also deserving to be an S-level NV servant, but such a dark box cào should be resolutely eliminated! He was already dissatisfied with the tendencies of the Executive Committee, and now he became more and more suspicious.

As for the large propeller shafts, connecting rods and cranks used to drive the propellers, Bopu's arsenal was responsible for the production. They had large forging machines, which were originally built and installed for forging cannons, and were also used to forge some large workpieces. These forging machines are more rudimentary than the forging equipment brought by the time-travelers from the old plane, but they are far superior in size and forging capabilities. The smithy of the Arsenal is also the busiest in the manufacturing director's department, where forging is carried out day and night, as well as some of the iron keels and ribs for the construction of new ships.

In the arsenal, the steam engine equipped for the ship is still being manufactured, because the finished products of the steam engine and boiler are relatively heavy, in order to facilitate transportation and installation, in the industrial layout, the production and manufacturing workshops of these two are arranged to be manufactured in the arsenal, and some standardized parts are provided by the industrial area of Bairen.

All of the Travelers' steam engines to date have been supplied with steam using the Lancashire boiler, which has been modified and fitted with a surface condenser. It can provide distilled water for the boiler, which ensures that the boiler can be used continuously.

The Lancashire boiler can also supply steam to the marine steam engine, but it is less efficient and requires more boilers for the same power. This is not economical for ships with limited space, so Sun Li and others, who were responsible for manufacturing steam engines, have a completely new task to develop a new high-pressure boiler for marine steam engines. It is used to provide steam for a higher unit pressure. If the new model of boiler is successfully imitated, it can provide the basis for the manufacture of a steam engine with higher horsepower. After all, the power provided by a 500-horsepower steam engine is still too low.

After reading the information, we decided to follow the old way of Jishu improvement in history, and try to make a fire-tube type boiler, which uses a cylindrical shell and flue, and the unit pressure of this boiler is far better than that of Lancashire boilers, so that the original cast iron pipes must be replaced with mild steel pipes to ensure safe operation. 9.30.2011