Section 101 Civil Affairs Work

Ma Qianzhuo said: "In the past, such regulations had the consideration of subordination. At the beginning, we had a small stall, so it was not appropriate to make it too detailed, and all units were multi-functional -- also to improve efficiency. Now that we want to build systems, it is very good that CPPCC member Wu and everyone have put forward this proposal. He paused, "This matter can be raised for consideration at a meeting of the Senate." ”

Wen Deji frowned, wanting to say something, but didn't say it.

The meeting then discussed a series of follow-up issues, especially when to occupy the entire island of Hainan. The actual occupation inevitably involves the question of garrison and cadre allocation, both of which are currently lacking for the time being. After the discussion meeting, it was decided to first occupy the Chengmai-Qiongshan area, control the entry and exit ports of Hainan, and then actually occupy the prefectures and counties of the island one by one.

"In that case, wouldn't it be necessary to expand the army?" Someone was whispering down there. After the end of the war, the total number of army and navy exceeded 10,000. Originally, there were voices in the Planning Yuan, the Senate, and the Government Council that they wanted to disarm after the end of the war, reduce the number of naval and army forces to a more reasonable range, or at least stop the size of the army.

Now to occupy the whole island, there are thirteen prefectures and counties in the whole province of Hainan. Except for Lingao, each prefecture and county must have at least one company of garrisons, and the basic garrison of twelve infantry companies is needed on the whole island. In this way, the army will not only not be able to reduce it, but will have to increase some of it before it can be used. Not only did the Senate and the administrative bureaucracy not want to see the Army expand further, but the Navy also did not want the Army to be in dire need of cannibalization of its limited population resources in a situation of manpower constraints.

"There is no need to expand the army." Ma Qianzhu said, "It is enough to use the existing troops, and we actually do not need to station an infantry company in each county." ”

"Without garrisons, our ruling power cannot be established." Obviously, a regime without the backing of force cannot go to the countryside administratively, and this is what they attach the most importance to and strive to promote.

It is impossible to effectively administer by relying on the deterrent power from a distance alone, and a small number of cadres cannot sink into the grassroots at all, and once they touch the core interests of the local shili, they will be "squeezed" out by the local shili by violent or non-violent means. One or second retaliation will not have a long-term effect. Zuihou can only make concessions to the local shili: by ceding part of the administrative power in exchange for the cooperation of the local shili, to ensure that the tax is paid. This is nothing more than repeating the mistake of not going to the countryside since the Tang and Song dynasties.

Long before the second anti-encirclement and suppression operation, the Central Government Affairs Yuan specially organized personnel of the Civil Affairs Committee to study how to ensure that the dispatched cadres could effectively act in the localities after the war on the premise of stationing as few troops as possible.

The people who conducted this study were not military personnel, but after an in-depth study of the Japanese people's efforts to establish grassroots political power and eliminate bandits after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in Northeast China and North China, the researchers came to the following conclusions:

To improve the county-level political power, each county should have at least one county squadron that can be directly commanded by the county leaders, so as to ensure the minimum deterrence and law and order of force. If this cannot be done, at least ensure that rescue troops can arrive within 2~3 days after sending out the distress signal.

"Is there a difference between a county squadron and a company in each county?" Although Wu De was very much in favor of the establishment of one squadron per county, the arrangement of one squadron per county still exceeded the original plan of the Planning Institute, which was to minimize the size of the army.

"There's a big difference." The person who spoke was Liu Muzhou, deputy people's commissar of the People's Committee for Civil Affairs, who was assigned to conduct the study. A little white face with a long beard and elegant manners, although he spoke as straight Mandarin as possible, he would show Su Bai's accent from time to time.

"The county squadron is a kind of local armed force, in other words similar to armed police. Both training and equipment can be relatively simple. Funding for staffing and maintenance could also be taken locally to the extent possible. He said, "I suggest that the county squadron should be filled with locals as much as possible, and that the military pay should not be as high as that of the regular army." ”

Liu Muzhou's plan was to send armed teams into various counties, as much as possible in the name of the Ming officials. For example, Chengmai's "Aftermath Bureau" is an example. Although the name of rehabilitation cannot be used in other places, other public-private joint institutions with similar names, such as the "Township Covenant Bureau" and the "Appeasement Bureau", can be borrowed from other temporary institutions. Start by intervening in the main problems of the local area, and gradually expand the power to all aspects of the county government. When the time is ripe, we will clean up the county officials and take full control of the county government.

"The initial armed task force must have strong force as protection, and an infantry company should have it. Otherwise, it will be difficult to deal with the complex situation on the ground. According to the summary of intelligence from all sides, the bandits in all counties of Qiongzhou Prefecture are very serious, and the local wealthy families are almost the emperors of the soil, and almost all of them are armed. No one will be able to bird you without the backing of strong force. Liu Muzhou expounded his specific plan of action, which is nothing unusual for Ma Qianzhuo and others: it is nothing more than a copy of the set that GCD did when it took over the power: dispatch a task force - go deep into the masses, understand the situation, find collaborators - train local cadres - establish an organization - build a local armed force - completely liquidate the old shili...... zuihou, the regime was established. Liu Muzhou's approach is not unusual. But they are faced with a more difficult situation than GCD: although the more than 20 years of history of the Republic of China is a tragedy, at least in most parts of the country there are some intellectuals, small businessmen, workers and peasants who have more or less embraced the new ideas of modern thought, and a county town, at worst, can always have a primary school, a few dozen middle school graduates, dozens of hundreds of primary school graduates. What they have to do is a society where there is nothing. The intellectuals of this society could hardly be relied upon, and their knowledge and status were of little use to crossing the regime, but were very dangerous. They also have a great voice. The traversers are not only incompatible with this society, but also smell of overseas barbarians all over their bodies.

Ma Qianzhu listened to his jihua: the receiver regime will adopt a rolling model. First of all, Chengmai, Qiongshan, Danzhou, and Ding'an, a group of government governments with a relatively deep ruling foundation, developed earlier, and densely populated areas -- from which they were able to obtain a large amount of population and food resources as soon as possible -- took advantage of the aftermath of this great victory, and sent work teams to take over them in one go. Then the organization was created, and each county formed a militia first, and then the county squadron. Wait until these states and counties are stable, and then move on to the next batch of states and counties. In this way, the first batch can be completed by dispatching only three or four task forces and infantry companies, and will not crowd out too many cadres and military strength at once.

“…… "Accept one place, stand firm in one place, and then infiltrate one place......

After Liu Muzhou finished speaking, Du Wen asked to speak: "We now lack cadres, especially cadres who can go deep into the countryside. Du Wen has been engaged in social work for a long time and is well aware of the importance of cadre issues. And many of the patriarchs are reluctant to go deep into the masses, and have a high-ranking aristocratic complex, I think that at least a kind of compulsory obligation should be carried out, and every patriarch should take a certain amount of time every year to go to the countryside and work in the localities."

There was a commotion in the conference room. It's a good idea from a rational point of view, but it's clearly unpopular. Some people cautiously expressed their objections: not every patriarch is suitable for mass work.

"You can do supportive and jishu-like work." Du Wen continued to insist, "At the very least, you can go to literacy." ”

"I think this issue can be submitted to the Senate for discussion." Xiao Zishan, who presided over the meeting, decided to kick the ball to the Senate, anyway, her proposal was related to all the senators, and it was most appropriate for the Senate to discuss it. By the time the Senate arrived, the proposal was shot, that was a certainty.

"Let's talk about the issue of pension for the dead and disabled......," Liu Muzhou continued, adding that the work of preferential care is a major matter that stabilizes people's hearts, and in the past, because there were no major battles, preferential care was relatively simple. This time, the number of casualties is higher, and the work is more complicated. At the moment, the preferential treatment and conditions were roughly informed.

At this time, Wu Di said: "The cost of preferential care is still very large, and I hope that the executive committee can consider whether it can set up a special fund or simply engage in a military insurance." ”

Insurance is a system that has always been advocated by the financial system. Because of the small scale of Lingao's economy, the lack of commercial activities, and the fact that most of the economic activities are state-owned enterprises, the insurance system is regarded as a "non-urgent" institution-building and has been delayed. However, people in the financial system have not given up on their efforts in this regard.

The current military pension is an opportunity to promote the insurance system, so Wu Di immediately seized this opportunity.

His proposal was to start with the social insurance system.

"It's tantamount to forced savings in disguise." Wu Di said, "For the time being, our demand for commercial insurance is not large, and we can start social insurance first." Otherwise, the future expenditure on pension, medical care, and preferential care will increase year by year, so we must work hard to grasp this aspect as soon as possible. ”

First of all, a compulsory insurance system was introduced among military personnel, and military personnel must pay a certain percentage of their military salary income as insurance, and this insurance is used to pay for the bereavement expenses of military personnel who are killed, wounded, and disabled.

“…… If the soldier is safe at the time of discharge, this fee can be paid directly to him in cash as a discharge fee. Wu Di has been thinking about this plan for a long time, "We can also promote similar policies for employees and civil servants." It is of great benefit to us in stabilizing the financial and social order. In particular, the gap between the current stage and the need for large-scale payment of various social benefits is the best time to accumulate funds. ”

Social insurance can be said to be a rolling payment of new debts to repay old debts, and now we should seize the time to expand the fund, and the government will be more effective in the future. Wu Di especially emphasized this point, which touched the interest of many people. Wu De originally attached great importance to the preferential care of soldiers, but now when he saw Wu Di come up with such a plan that was beneficial to all aspects, he immediately expressed his support.

No one else objected, so it was decided to entrust Delong Bank to conduct a special investigation on this issue and propose a plan for the Senate to review when it meets.

The meeting then adopted a series of policies on bereavement pensions, rehabilitation, meritorious service, celebrations, resettlement of disabled veterans and preferential treatment for militia demobilization.

Most of this work involved civil affairs, and Liu Muzhou was busy taking notes and submitting all kinds of relevant veteran proposals received from the BBS to the meeting for review -- there was no chief member of the People's Committee for Civil Affairs, and his deputy post was actually the main post.

After the meeting, Liu Muzhou hurriedly returned to his office, and he immediately began to arrange for someone to be the "deacon" of the Chengmai Aftermath Bureau. He is ready to focus on Chengmai, gnaw it down first, and accumulate a little experience for the subsequent states and counties.

This person is very important, because he is going to make this person the head of the office in Chengmai - in fact, the future county magistrate.

The Organization Service gave him a list and curriculum vitae of veterans who were interested in serving in the local administration. Liu Muzhou chose a person named Fei Ci. Soon his file was in the office of the Civil Affairs Committee. Liu Muzhou called Fei Ci and asked him to prepare his luggage and report immediately.

He then called Yerba Buenodi and asked Hu to see if there were any suitable Aboriginal trainees in the administrative class who could be sent as members of the task force. was busy working, and suddenly Du Wen came.

"Director Du, why are you free?" Liu Muzhou hurriedly got up and greeted. Needless to say, the director of the social work office is coming to teach face-to-face again. Liu Muzhou didn't like her to meddle very much, but there was no way at all, and it was her turn to go to the countryside to establish grassroots political power and research on rural society, and no one was smarter than her.

"Something," Du Wen sat unceremoniously on the chair opposite the desk, "Chengmai is a new area, I originally wanted to go and see it in person, but there are a lot of things in Lingao......"

"Yes, yes, now Lingao is fully establishing a village-level government, your affairs are very busy, and the work here is inseparable from you." Liu Muzhou hurriedly said.

In terms of rank, Du Wen is Liu Muzhou's subordinate, but Liu Muzhou knows that when it comes to the qualifications of the leader in the crossing group, Du Wen is far above him, especially she is also the main person in charge of social work, and her achievements are remarkable - just a social work in the thirteen villages area during the period of the Lingao suppression of bandits is enough to be proud.

It is precisely because of this that Liu Muzhou is very afraid that she will intervene, because once she points fingers at the implementation of the policy, it will be difficult for her to refuse.

Du Wen glanced at him with a "I know what you are thinking" eyes, and leaned back in the chair: "Our social work department was supposed to go to Chengmai to do in-depth social research work. Now I can't go, so I recommend it. ”

"Who do you recommend?" Liu Muzhou recalled the personnel in the social work office, originally there were only two Du Wen and Dong Weiwei, and later there was a noon, but it was transferred away, and now it should still be a department with only a director and deputy director.

"Liu Yuefei." Du Wen said, "This person has just been transferred to our department and is very positive. She said this a little unnaturally, "It's too positive." Just let him go outside and transfer it. ”

"It's a girl? I'm afraid it's not very convenient to work in such a quasi-security area......"

"It's a man." Du Wen's words were very disdainful, "You can arrange him however you want - he is very motivated, you can arrange it in Chengmai first, and then arrange it in Qiongshan later...... It's best to survey the whole of Hainan Island. ”

"Well, social research is also very important work. Since he's passionate about it, it's all good. ”

Du Wen nodded indifferently, and Liu Muzhou felt that she seemed to be relieved. Then she added, "In addition, I would like to make a few comments on social work at this stage. ”

"Listen up."

"Women work." Du Wen emphasized these four words, and then she was very satisfied to see that Liu Muzhou did not subconsciously frown, "We have not mobilized enough local women, and we have not publicized enough. ”

Liu Muzhou is indeed listening. Du Wen can't be wrong, Liu Muzhou knows that women in Hainan are actually very capable, and they are even better than men in terms of hardship and hard work. But everyone has always thought that women's work is Du Wen's bad taste, so they basically ignore it.

"That's why I suggest that the team that is dispatched this time must be accompanied by indigenous women cadres. The work of women in Hainan has also been mobilized -- and the work of young people. It's also a blank, and I think we should also organize organizations like children's groups. ”

"The work of young people has to be arranged by the executive committee, and we can't do it ourselves. And it's generally the education department that's in charge. Liu Muzhou said. He thought that this was not as important as women's work, and that the status of youth organizations was very important, and that the Executive Committee had not yet made specific arrangements, and that it would be better for the Civil Affairs Committee not to interfere.

"Okay. Let's talk about this again. Du Wen then recommended a female cadre, "Tan Xiaoqin from Yanchang Village was our earliest female cadre. Graduated from the Ma Yuannong Lecture Institute. She did a good job in Yanchang Village, but the clan Liliang there was too strong, I don't think it would be of much use to keep her there, so she should be transferred out and sent to a wider world to hone her skills," she said with an excited wave of her hand.

"I don't have any opinion." Liu Muzhou thought it didn't matter, it was not bad to have one more female cadre, "But are people willing?" An unmarried single girl is working with a man outside, and she is willing to be afraid of her family, right? It's a feudal society."

"Isn't it our mission to change customs? Should we keep accommodating the ignorant and backward trend of social thought without trying to change it? ”

"Yes, yes," Liu Muzhou was speechless, thinking that Fei Xi had a lot of things to do now, "For the sake of prudence, I think it's better to have two female cadres go to work together." ”