Huang Taiji once again threw out the terms of the peace agreement when he communicated with Yuan Chonghuan.

"I am also happy to reconcile, and I want to go to the emperor to be called Khan, and order the country to make seals for use, but I am not allowed to do it."

Huang Taiji's purpose is very clear, that is, he hopes to let Chongzhen get the information of peace in this way.

However, how did Huang Taiji know that it was precisely because Chongzhen was still full of hope at this time that he could agree to this peace condition.

And how dare the ministers of the Ming Dynasty persuade Chongzhen to agree to negotiate peace at this time.

Empress Taiji and the generals were summoned to confront, and Ma Dengyun admitted the truth: "Emperor Ming is young, and the ruling ministers are disloyal, and they want to protect themselves." I am afraid to play the matter of peace. If you don't listen, your relatives will be destroyed, so you don't dare to speak. ”

Since then, Huang Taiji has completely understood the mentality of the Ming Dynasty.

But Huang Taiji was still not giving up at this time, and still tried to persuade the ministers of the Ming Dynasty.

"Jizhou officials, you and others discussed with the superior officials, enlightened the emperor, and quickly discussed the matter of reconciliation. In the early days, the officials were all scornful of the enemy, but those who did not allow peace were either killed in battle, or killed by the emperor, and in addition, there was a person who established a meritorious name. I have no cunning, but I tell you sincerely. If I insist that it is impossible, it is the fate of God, and I have nothing to do. ”

As a result, the natural echo stone sank into the sea.

Huang Taiji finally arrived, from beginning to end, the negotiation of peace was just wishful thinking on his side, and the Ming court never thought of negotiating peace with himself at all.

Since then, the Jiannu side has completely lost heart to the Ming court.

Wei Bao was different at this time, and the Bao army had almost all the conditions to negotiate peace with the Manchus.

It is only the most critical step for Wei Bao and Cong Gulen Gege to get married and reach a peace.

Regarding Wei Bao's marriage with Cong Gulengege, Nurhachi agreed to Wei Bao's conditions at the beginning, and he was also very tolerant.

He wanted to pay a dowry of 12 million taels of silver, and agreed to pass on the inheritance of Congguleng to the Mongol nobles as his daughter, so as not to be so dazzling in the name of his Nurhachi daughter.

Of course, if the conditions are negotiated, Nurhachi will definitely be dissatisfied, and he must want to bargain, otherwise there will be no major war of Jiannu's all-out attack on Liaodong this time.

Nurhachi wanted to rewrite the conditions through victory.

But at this time, Cong Gulen Gege ran to the outskirts of the capital and came directly to Wei Bao, adding a lot of comedy to the already foggy Baojun and Jiannu's peace negotiations.

If Wei Bao wants to negotiate peace with Houjin, there is actually no obstacle in terms of Wei Bao and Houjin.

There is also a Ming court next to the key two.

The Ming court was on top of Wei Bao and Houjin, and was not sandwiched between the two.

Houjin didn't dare to completely offend the Ming court at this time, and, whether it was Nurhachi, Huang Taiji, or many Houjin ministers, they all had illusions about the Ming court, hoping that the Ming court would one day recognize them, give them palace-level treatment, and treat them as if they were North Korea, Houjin was actually very satisfied at this time.

But Wei Bao was obviously more concerned than the Houjin side about the Ming court's opinion that he married Nurhachi's daughter and negotiated peace with the Houjin in private.

This is likely to provoke him to break with the Ming court.

The death of Mao Wenlong, an event of this nature, abounded in the Chongzhen period.

In fact, Yuan Chonghuan killed Mao Wenlong privately, and then Chongzhen endorsed it, so that all the military attaches who were a little selfish and wanted to live no longer dared to believe in the legal system of the imperial court.

Mao Wenlong is guilty or not, he must be tried by the three divisions, and he must be decided, and he will be deprived of his official position and executed.

In such a bad incident, the central authorities must have a clear and qualitative statement.

But Chongzhen, take human life as a bargaining chip, it doesn't matter if you Yuan Chonghuan uses the reputation of the imperial court to kill a first-class executive at will, as long as you can calm Liao in five years, I will help you wronged Mao Wenlong.

Everyone has been mixed up in officialdom for decades, and they are not fools, so they know what Chongzhen is thinking at a glance.

If you want to do it cleanly like Cao Cao's grain killing officer, not only did you not do it cleanly, but you also brought the problem to the table, and it was over.

In the era of the Ming Dynasty, although the military attache has no dignity in front of the civilian officials, at least his life is still guaranteed.

But after killing Mao, the generals felt that they couldn't even save their lives.

As long as the civil officials give the emperor a guarantee that they will do something in the next few years, the military attache will directly kill them casually, and it is difficult to find dozens of charges at will?

Just find a famous general and kill a few Liliwei, and it will be good.

During the Southern Ming Dynasty, Wenchen could only lead the troops in person, because all the generals who had some ability were warlordized, and most of them didn't want to be hacked to death inexplicably.

Or, with some conditions, all surrendered to the Manchus.

That's it.

The military generals who really have the ability to resist are basically outside the Ming Dynasty system.

The most important thing is that Chongzhen feels that Yuan Chonghuan killed Mao Wenlong, which is nothing.

Yuan Chonghuan must have felt that there was nothing wrong with killing Mao Wenlong at that time.

But Yuan Chonghuan shouldn't have expected that in his eyes, Mao Wenlong was a stupid dog who pulled the emperor's banner and killed casually, in Chongzhen's eyes, he Yuan Chonghuan was also a dog, and in Chongzhen's eyes, all the high-ranking officials who did things for him were dogs, and they could be killed if they wanted to.

Mao Wenlong is just the beginning of a farce, which was completed by Yuan Chonghuan's hand.

Wenchen thought that he was above the generals, but he didn't know that he and the generals were actually the same kind, and in Chongzhen's eyes, they were all dogs that could be killed at will.

Chongzhen killed to the end, and the civil official no longer mentioned a practical policy, and the military attache wanted to mobilize it with a holy decree, which was a dream.

Li Zicheng entered Beijing, Chongzhen did not have a force that could escort him out of Beijing, rang the bell for a long time, the forbidden army, civil ministers, military generals, relatives of the emperor, and Jinyi guards did not come to protect the emperor, and they all welcomed King Chuang into the city at the city gate.

Chongzhen committed suicide in the end, and only the old eunuch Wang Chengen, who had accompanied him since childhood.

You must know that even Wu Sangui's grandson committed suicide in the end, and more than 100 people committed suicide.

At least in the capital of the Ming Dynasty, Chongzhen can be said to have lost the hearts of the people.

Was Mao Wenlong's death serious for the Ming Dynasty?

It's also serious and not serious.

It is not serious to say that there are indeed many talents in the Ming Dynasty, and if the system is operated properly, there will always be talents coming out.

Not to mention, the founding pioneer of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, King Sanshun, was all from the Dongjiang team, and there were also demons like Shang Kexi, who later participated in the rebellion of the three feudatories and was fine.

Seriously, it is a pity that due to the improper operation of the system, the court Dafa has completely lost its credibility, and the terrible thing is that such incidents have happened several times later, completely collapsing the rules of the system, and there will be no more suitable talents to emerge.

The death of Mao Wenlong, an event of this nature, abounded in the Chongzhen period.

Chongzhen once didn't know how to use people, and he didn't know how to govern the country.

Sometimes Wei Bao really thinks,

After reading the end of the Ming Dynasty, I realized that modern history was not so pitiful.

In fact, there have been many things before, and after watching Jingkang, Wei Bao may also feel that the end of the Ming Dynasty is not so pitiful.

And if you look at the five dynasties, Wei Bao may even feel that the Great Song Dynasty is not so pitiful.

It is a well-known fact that Shi Jingjiao has been the emperor for seven years, but the most cowardly thing in the Later Jin Dynasty is obviously far from losing the Sixteen Prefectures of Youyun.

After Shi Jingjiao's death, his nephew Shi Chonggui succeeded to the throne and decided to write to the Khitan to call himself a grandson, no longer a minister, and as a result, "the Khitan Lulong Festival made Zhao Yanshou want to represent the Jin Emperor in China, and repeatedly said that the Khitan hit the Jin, and the Khitan lord was quite good", and then the Khitan came to fight.

In 944 and 945, the Later Jin and the Khitan fought twice, but the Khitan did not succeed.

In 946, the Khitan went south for the third time, and the Later Jin Dynasty ministers Du Chongwei, Li Shouzhen and Zhang Yanze led their troops to surrender to the Khitan, and the Later Jin lost the main force.

In the first month of 947, the Khitan army approached Kaifeng, "hundreds of officials resigned from the north of the city, but Yi Su wore a yarn hat, welcomed the Khitan lord, and asked for guilt on the side of the road."

Shi Chonggui's family was captured to the Khitan, and the Later Jin Dynasty perished.

In other words, at this time, the Khitan had actually defeated Bianliang and the Central Plains, 180 years earlier than the Jingkang Revolution. When Yelu Deguang entered Kaifeng, he said: "I am also a human being, and you should not be afraid!" It will make you rest in caus. ”

It can be seen that he was already planning to be the lord of the Central Plains.

It's just that the Khitan's own ruling skills are not up to par, and in the Central Plains, "riding out in all directions, in the name of herding horses, plundering repeatedly, called "beating grass valleys", which provoked a large-scale uprising.

Lord Liao said: "I didn't know that it was difficult for Chinese people to make such a system! Only then did it gradually retreat to the north.

Many people say that Zhao Kuangyin, such an eloquent and strategic person, how could he come up with such a bad idea as guarding the inside and the outside, emphasizing literature and ignoring martial arts.

This is not difficult to explain, because since the end of the Tang Dynasty, the situation of feudal towns has threatened not only the imperial power, but the survival of the Central Plains Dynasty itself.

In particular, if we look at the Tang, Five Dynasties, and Song Dynasty as a whole, we can find that the shortcomings of the subsequent dynasties that were criticized were often due to the original intention of absorbing the historical lessons of the previous dynasties.

For example, the forbidden army pit in the Song Dynasty, everyone knows about it, and it is even more impossible for Zhu Yuanzhang not to know.

The establishment of the guard system gave people the impression that they wanted to revive Li Shimin's invincible iron cavalry, but after using it, they realized that the economic basis for supporting military households no longer existed, and military households fled one after another, and finally had to return to recruitment.

When Shi Chonggui stopped paying tribute to the Khitan, Li Song advised: "What a shame to bend down and think that she is a society!" Your Majesty is like this, he will bow down his armor every day and fight with the Khitan, and it will be useless to regret it at that time. ”

Since this sentence has been on the "Zizhi Tongjian", the Song Lord must have listened to it, and if he can't bear it, he will make a big plan, but the Song Dynasty can endure it enough, and endure Dajin until the Mongols called.

The historical lessons of the Song Dynasty are all bad things for the surrendering faction, if it weren't for the surrender of the knees and the restoration of the Central Plains, the pig on the throne is stronger than the surrendering faction, this kind of argument, it is even more impossible for the Ming monarchs and ministers not to know.

So the Ming Dynasty came to fight to the death, and did not pay tribute.

The Ming Dynasty died because diplomacy was too rigid, the hungry people were all over the field and fought on multiple fronts, and no one dared to bear the infamy and pressure of negotiating peace, of course, because the Song Dynasty did too much.

In the final analysis, it is a clear talk that misleads the country.

So the Qing Dynasty learned again, and there was a peak of absolute monarchy, so that all the horses were together.

In the final analysis, the traditional textbooks say that the Anshi Rebellion was a turning point for the feudal dynasty from prosperity to decline, and there is still some truth in this statement.

Since then, we can find a characteristic that the Central Plains Dynasty has begun to be obsessed with it, constantly overcorrecting the policies of the previous dynasties, and its own ability to correct mistakes seems to have begun to weaken, and no matter what kind of new system and policy, it is difficult to achieve a more perfect combination of national unity, political stability, military strength, and technological advancement.

Not to mention the previous dynasties, even Wei Bao, who has been living in modern times for decades after eliminating the feudal system, is still confused after coming to ancient times, often not knowing what he is doing now, and many times he has no direction.

Wei Bao also didn't know what he imagined capitalism to be like, a constitutional monarchy, and what it would eventually become.

Will it be because it has collapsed history and buried itself together?

For a long time, the palace examination was only presided over by the emperor, and many emperors in the Ming Dynasty were not interested in this.

Generally, the questions are drafted by the cabinet, but Emperor Chongzhen made a new question himself.

In the questioning, he asked several key questions.

Officials are corrupt and morale is corrupted, what methods can be used to change morale, so that officials can become honest and have both ability and political integrity.

The Manchu Qing Dynasty has few small people, and once the army is raised, it can't be defeated by this dynasty, why is this.

What is the strategy for dealing with them now.

The peasant uprising is spreading, the state has no money, and it is necessary to be sympathetic to the people and to support the army, what is the way to achieve both.

Tuntian and the salt tax system are the solution to the fiscal problem, but why are they not effective?

The Hetao problem, the rebel army and the pirates have been in turmoil, and how can they be eliminated by floods and droughts?

Why is the separation between civil and military unbreakable now?

This was also the most urgent problem to be solved in the last years of the Ming Dynasty, and it was also a more urgent problem that needed to be solved urgently.

In fact, it can also be seen that Emperor Chongzhen has long been aware of the problem, but he does not have a set of effective strategies and methods to solve these problems.

At this time, Emperor Chongzhen was only 23 years old.

In fact, these issues should be discussed and considered by the cabinet members and the six ministers at the time, but how did the cabinet members perform?

Early member Zhou Daodeng, Emperor Chongzhen asked him why the prime minister wanted to use scholars.

He didn't know how to answer for a while, so he said that he would have to go back to the cabinet and check the book to answer definitely.

Emperor Chongzhen asked again, love is always mentioned in articles recently, what does this love mean.

Zhou Daodeng said that the face is also affectionate, and the people around him can't hold back their laughter.

Wen Tiren and Zhou Yanru, the two people who have been in power for the longest time, speculate about the emperor's heart, and are very strong in fighting, but there is basically no solution to the problem.

Regarding corruption, because the normal income of the Ming Dynasty was very low, it can be seen from Hai Rui that this made a large number of officials corrupt, and the situation of corruption was done once and could not be stopped.

Emperor Chongzhen has always said that civil officials do not love money, at that time, the household department gave Han Yiliang a sparse in the matter, and explained some of these situations, Emperor Chongzhen felt very satisfied, and wanted to promote him, but Wang Yongguang, the secretary of the ministry, gave a suggestion, let Han Yiliang point out the most serious incident, to punish corrupt officials, Han Yiliang did not dare to say, and finally took a few defeated eunuchs as an example, Emperor Chongzhen was very angry, but finally let Han Yiliang go.

After that, Emperor Chongzhen tried to rely on the secret services to fight corruption, and the result was that these secret services were the same.

According to the records of the contemporaries, the commander of the Jinyi Guard in the middle of Chongzhen made Wu Mengming slow down the harm and eager to get bribes, and deliberately leaked the names of both parties to the parties every time he seized the gift list sent to the capital by the state and county officials, and then asked for bribes from house to house, and did not stop until he was satisfied.

The same is true of Dongchang, a magistrate sent 24 taels of silver to Hanlin Hu Shouheng to write an article, which was detected by Dongchang and went to Hu Shouheng to ask for a bribe.

Hu Shouheng didn't know about this at all, but in order to avoid trouble, he still gave 1,000 taels of silver to the East Factory before the disaster was lost.

Facing the Manchu Qing Dynasty, Emperor Chongzhen, who inherited the throne, was only 17 years old and only 33 years old when he died.

His main opponent, Huang Taiji, ascended to the throne at the age of 34 and was an extremely sophisticated politician.

In the second year of Chongzhen, Huang Taiji entered the customs, the military department did not know how to send the army that rushed to the king of Beijing at that time, the household department was anxious for the food, and the Ministry of Industry was not ready for a while, after Yuan Chonghuan was arrested, Zu Dashou and He Kegang actually fled back to Shanhaiguan with the troops, when Mangui fought with the Qing army, the city wall sent cannons to cooperate with him, but accidentally injured Mangui's troops, Mangui was also injured.

All this shows the weakness of the Ming Dynasty.

In fact, with regard to the climate, the massive population growth and the reduction in agricultural production caused by the climate eventually turned into a great famine, and the government at that time could not do anything about it.

In the first year of Chongzhen, there was a great hunger in Shaanxi, and he was starving.

Mao Cai was ordered to go to Shaanxi to investigate, and when he saw the tragic scene of cannibalism in his hometown, he reported the disaster on May 18.

Chenxiang Yan'an Mansion, since last year, no rain, the grass and trees are scorched, between August and September, the people compete to pick the fluffy grass in the mountains and eat, its grain bran, its taste is bitter and astringent, and the food can only be extended to immortality. After October, when the bark is exhausted, the bark of the tree is stripped and eaten, and the trees are only poor in elm bark, and the bark of other trees is used for food, and its death can also be delayed a little. At the end of the year and the bark of the tree is exhausted, then dig the stones in the mountain and eat, the stone is cold and fishy, the food is less and full, and the abdomen is distended and falls to death in a few days. Some of the people were unwilling to eat stones and died, and they began to gather together as thieves, and one or two people who had a little accumulation were robbed and plundered. There is no prohibition of governance, and there are occasional gains, and they are not strange. Day dies of hunger and death of thieves. Instead of sitting and starving, why not die for thieves, but for the sake of a full ghost. The most pitiful ones, such as those on the west side of the city of Ansai, where there is the city of Ji, will abandon one or two babies in it every day, and there will be those who weep, and those who call out their parents, and those who eat their dung, until the next morning, the children they have abandoned have no life, and some of them have forsaken. What's even more strange, children and lone travelers, as soon as they go out of the city, there is no trace, and then they see people outside the door, cook human bones for wages, cook human flesh for food, and know that the people before them are all eaten by them. And the cannibal will inevitably die after a few days, his face will be red and swollen, and his internal hair will be dry and mature. So the deceased pillowed, the stench was stinking, outside the county, digging several pits, each pit can accommodate hundreds of people, to cover his remains. When the minister came, there were more than three pits, and those who could not hide it several miles away did not know how many of them. There is the harmony of Fuchen Yue, leading thieves to relieve hunger, donating money to cook porridge, and the prefectures and counties have their own charities, but the porridge is limited and the hungry are endless, a drop in the bucket, how can it help? And you are a thief who is not in the same way? And there is a strict order to restrain the hand, and it has to be strictly urged, and the only remaining Li has to escape from the ear. This time he fled from there, and he fled from here again. If you flee, you will become a thief.

Wei Bao felt very uncomfortable every time he saw hungry people displaced, and a normal person would cry.

And they will also be uncomfortable for the hardships of the people's lives, which is a completely apocalyptic scene, but the government still wants them to pay food and wages, how can they not rebel, how can they not revolt.

The government also has difficulties, the Manchus in the east, the rebel army in the west, the people are the state, the court does not know about it, and it is not sympathetic.

But if you want to be compassionate to the people and support the army, you may have two ways.

Internally and externally, how can a corrupt and incompetent government agency rescue these people?

After the Manchu Qing came, there were wars and massacres, and the people were really resilient.

Emperor Chongzhen raised his own question, he wanted to ask for the answer, he really didn't know if he had a plan himself.

Chongzhen was fifty phases and was replaced frequently, but in the early stage, it was like a eunuch party, and it must be removed, and then Zhou Daodeng and his ilk must also be removed, the question is where is the solution to the problem of these people.

For example, many of them are like Cheng Ji, which does not help the current situation.

At an extraordinary moment, Sung Ki-ming proved himself to be a sane adviser, but his steady political ideas did not match Yizong's eagerness to seek governance, so it was difficult to gain a foothold in the court.

In the case of Qian Qianyi and Qian Longxi, a major minister after Donglin, who resigned one after another, Cheng Ji, who lacked the talent of a leader, could not win the credibility of Yizong, and finally made Chongzhen's cabinet rich in Donglin in the early years change its old appearance.

He was generous in life and benevolent to his opponents, but he did not help in the late Ming Dynasty.

In addition, the constant partisan strife is also a major factor.