Chapter 208, Peace
Napoleon's army entered Berlin. Napoleon, on the other hand, personally led the army into Berlin from under the Brandenburg Gate, and fiercely satisfied his desire to pretend.
According to the rules of the time, when an army entered the enemy city, it was inevitable to do things such as robbery, murder, and turning young girls into young women, but the French army under Napoleon behaved very civilized, yes, very civilized, neither large-scale robbery and murder, nor evidence that when the French left Berlin, the chastity of the women in Berlin became worse than before the French came.
Strictly speaking, the French army was not a force armed with advanced ideas, and the reason why it was able to maintain such discipline was not because of class feelings or a sense of military honor. There is only one real reason, and that is that the French army, especially the French army under Napoleon, has a particularly high combat allowance. The combat allowance for Napoleon's troops after victory may be more than the regular pay for an entire year. This naturally makes the soldiers willing, especially after a victory, to observe all kinds of discipline.
The most fundamental reason why Napoleon's army can have such a high allowance is that Napoleon can get money efficiently every time he wins a battle. And the most common way for Napoleon to get money was to fight local tyrants and suppress counter-revolution.
In fact, if His Majesty Frederick William III, King of Prussia, had understood this characteristic of the French army, and had noticed that Napoleon had neither robbed nor divided the land among the tyrants, he would have known that Napoleon did not want to destroy Prussia at this time.
Napoleon, of course, would not have made a loss-making deal, and these allowances would have to be paid by the Prussians. But it is not the same as the Prussian king robbed his own people first and then handed them over to the French. If, in the first way, the hatred of the Fritzes would have been concentrated on the French, then the Prussian aristocracy had the opportunity to brainwash the common people with the nationalist trap and encourage them to work for themselves; In the latter case, although there are middlemen to make the difference, the hatred is divided by the middlemen, and in order to maintain their rule, they want to suppress nationalist gadgets.
This is especially true in today's Prussia. Even Berlin was lost, and most of the territory that is still in the hands of the Prussians is the territory of Poland in the past. The people who were still under Frederick William III were already predominantly Poles—Prussia was about to change from a German national state to a Polish state. Under such circumstances, the Prussian rulers, who were dominated by German aristocrats, naturally did not dare to engage in any nationalism.
It was also for this reason that after Napoleon took Berlin, he did not continue to pursue Frederick William III, but stopped in Berlin and waited for Frederick William III's next envoy to the peace talks.
On the other hand, when Archduke Karl returned to Austria with the agreement, His Majesty the Emperor at first felt that he had suffered a loss from the agreement that required his army to withdraw completely from Italy. You know, after the Italians couldn't keep up with the logistical supplies, his army had already captured several Italian cities, and even began to approach Milan.
Moreover, in the agreement of the Archduke Karl, the security of the relevant areas adjacent to Italy was not really effectively resolved. How long exactly is the "period of time" in that French "ready to gradually reduce the sale of weapons to these regions and, after some time, lead to a final settlement", really only God knows.
Therefore, His Majesty the Emperor was very unhappy at first, and even a little doubtful that Archduke Karl had a problem with his ability. There is even a reluctance to sign the agreement immediately and bring it into force. However, when Napoleon's autumn wind swept across Prussia like leaves, His Majesty the Emperor immediately changed his attitude. He apologized to Archduke Karl and publicly praised Metternich, who had contributed greatly to the signing of this agreement, as a material for creation, and intended to make him ambassador to France.
Metternich proposed to the Emperor that he first send him as an envoy to mediate the war between France and Prussia.
"Your Majesty, if Prussia is weakened too much, it will be detrimental to our country." Metternich said.
So this time, Napoleon was waiting in Berlin not only for the Prussian emissaries, but also for Metternich, who came with the Prussian emissaries.
Napoleon received the two envoys, and in the negotiations he insisted at the beginning that the compensation of 150 million francs would not be missing a single suspension. But in the end, under the persuasion of Metternich, Napoleon finally showed some goodwill and made some concessions. So the two sides signed the "Berlin Treaty" in Berlin.
The Treaty of Berlin stipulated that Prussia pay France 100 million francs in compensation, which must be paid in a lump sum. For this purpose, if the Prussians needed a loan, they could only do so in a bank within the limits specified by the French government. As for the mortgage of the loan, it was secured by Prussian tariffs.
In addition to this, Prussia offered France unilateral most-favored-nation status, as well as unilateral market access and national treatment. The French do not need any visas to operate anywhere in Prussia; The French could buy property anywhere in Prussia and engage in any occupation without the intervention of the Prussian government. French goods, on the other hand, were subject to customs duties when they entered Prussia, and the Prussian government could not impose any other taxes on these goods from France in any other way.
Give up all the territories west of the Elbe. Of course, these territories will not be annexed to France, but to the soon-to-be-established Rhine Free State, a confederation under French protection. (With the loss of territory west of the Elbe, Prussia really became a country with a slightly more Polish percentage of the population.) )
It was almost an unequal treaty that destroyed Prussia. But that wasn't all the troubles Frederick William III had to face. Emboldened by the defeat of the Prussians, the Polish nobility once again supported the "independents" in their uprising. And at this time, Prussia simply did not have the strength to suppress them. Prussia was about to lose more than half of its land and population again.
At this time, Prussia's friendly neighbors, Russia and Austria, all stood up and extended a helping hand to Prussia. They all told Prussia that they were willing to send troops to help Prussia put down the rebellion.
The attitude of the Russians and Austrians is also well understood. They had all participated in the partition of Poland, and if the Poles were to create a new Poland in Prussian territory, it would also have a bad effect on the areas under their control. So from this point of view, their help does have a certain sincerity.
But Prussia would never dare to accept their kindness in this way. Who knows if after they came, in the end, the Polish uprising was suppressed, but their lands also became the lands of the Russians and Austrians?
So Frederick William III simply came to the second master, and if he was going to sell the country anyway, he would just sell enough. King Frederick William III and Queen Louise returned to Berlin and hosted a banquet for General Napoleon Bonaparte in the royal palace in Berlin. During the banquet, the two sides had a very cordial and friendly meeting. His Majesty the King, as well as the beautiful Queen Louise, made a great impression on Napoleon. Especially after His Majesty the King left the banquet early due to ill health, the gentleness and thoughtfulness of Queen Louise, as the hostess, intoxicated Napoleon.
Also according to the famous writer Herr Alexandre Dumas, in a book that had been banned because of immorality, when Lucien triumphantly showed him all the mermaids he had caught, Napoleon said dismissively: "None of your prey are very good, none of them are like Queen Louise, and that queen is a real natural stunner." ”
After this banquet, Napoleon went to the Prussian palace several times under the protection of the French army, and soon reached an agreement with Prussia to borrow 30 million francs from France as collateral for military expenses. This agreement was named the Loan Agreement for the Rehabilitation of the Peaceful Reconstruction of the Country, or the Rehabilitation Loan Agreement. Of course, the 30 million francs in the agreement did not require the French to come up with real money, but directly converted the captured Prussian soldiers and officers, as well as some captured weapons, into money and handed them over to the Prussians.
After the agreement was reached. The French army began to gradually withdraw from Prussia, and the captured Prussian soldiers and officers began to gradually return to the command of King Frederick William III. and began to prepare for the suppression of the rebellion in the country.
As for Napoleon, after leaving Berthier to deal with the withdrawal process, he hurriedly led a team to Luxembourg. Now he was going to Paris to harvest his most important booty.
Relying on sleeping in carriages and changing horses along the way, Napoleon drove back to Luxembourg from Berlin in just one week. He then took a cavalry with him in Luxembourg, dragged along the various flags captured by his army in this series of battles, and it took another five days to finally return to Paris.
That morning, to the cheers of the citizens of Paris, Napoleon rode a white horse, surrounded by the warriors who had returned from a hundred battles, to the Diet, to report his achievements.
The soldiers threw the captured flags on the steps leading to the main entrance to the Reichstag, and the proud Napoleon dismounted, stepped on them, and entered the Reichstag under the escort of an elite guard.